| Eurovision Song Contest 1998 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date and venue | |
| Final |
|
| Venue | National Indoor Arena Birmingham, United Kingdom |
| Organisation | |
| Organiser | European Broadcasting Union (EBU) |
| Scrutineer | Christine Marchal-Ortiz |
| Production | |
| Host broadcaster | British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) |
| Director | Geoff Posner |
| Executive producer | Kevin Bishop |
| Musical director | Martin Koch |
| Presenters | |
| Participants | |
| Number of entries | 25 |
| Debuting countries |  Macedonia |
| Returning countries | |
| Non-returning countries | |
| |
| Vote | |
| Voting system | Each country awarded 12, 10, 8–1 points to their ten favourite songs |
| Winning song | |
| 1997 ← Eurovision Song Contest →1999 Event page at eurovision.tv  | |
TheEurovision Song Contest 1998 was the 43rd edition of theEurovision Song Contest, held on 9 May 1998 at theNational Indoor Arena inBirmingham, United Kingdom, and presented byTerry Wogan andUlrika Jonsson. It was organised by theEuropean Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster theBritish Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), who staged the event after winning the1997 contest for theUnited Kingdom with the song "Love Shine a Light" byKatrina and the Waves.
Broadcasters from twenty-five countries participated in the contest. Six participating countries in the 1997 edition were absent, withAustria,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Denmark,Iceland andRussiarelegated due to achieving the lowest average points totals over the previous five contests andItaly actively choosing not to participate. These countries were replaced byMacedonia in its first contest appearance, and previously relegated and absent countriesBelgium,Finland,Israel,Romania andSlovakia.
The winner wasIsrael with the song "Diva", composed bySvika Pick, written by Yoav Ginai and performed byDana International. TheUnited Kingdom,Malta, theNetherlands, andCroatia rounded out the top five. Dana International was the contest's first openlytransgender participant and became the contest's first openlyLGBTQ+ winning artist; however, her participation for Israel was controversial among sections of Israeli society and resulted in opposition and death threats against her in the run-up to the contest.
It was the first contest in which the results were determined predominantly throughtelevoting, and would become the last contest in which all participants were required to perform in the language of their country and the last to feature an orchestra and live music accompaniment for the competing entries.
The 1998 contest took place inBirmingham, the United Kingdom, following the country's victory at the1997 edition with the song "Love Shine a Light", performed byKatrina and the Waves. It was the eighth time that the United Kingdom had hosted the contest – setting a new contest record – with the nation having previously hosted the contest in London in1960,1963,1968 and1977, inEdinburgh in1972, inBrighton in1974 and inHarrogate in1982.[1] The selected venue was theNational Indoor Arena, a sporting venue and indoor arena opened in 1991 which prior to the contest had previously hosted the1993 IBF Badminton World Championships and1995 World Netball Championships, as well as being the principal venue for the recording of UK television programmeGladiators.[2][3][4][5]
Many cities across the United Kingdom expressed interest in hosting the contest, the first to be held in the country in sixteen years, with venues inAberdeen,Belfast,Bournemouth, Brighton, Birmingham,Cardiff, Edinburgh,Glasgow, Harrogate,Inverness, Liverpool, London,Manchester,Newcastle andSheffield being considered.[6] Following visits by the production team to each city, Belfast, Birmingham, Cardiff, Glasgow, London and Manchester were shortlisted as potential host cities, and Birmingham's National Indoor Arena was subsequently announced as the host venue on 8 August 1997.[6][7]
 | This section contains numerous links to pages onforeign language Wikipedias. They are shown asred links with the language codes in [small blue letters] in brackets. Click on the language code to see the page in that language. |
| Eurovision Song Contest 1998 – Participation summaries by country | |
|---|---|
Per the rules of the contest twenty-five countries were allowed to participate in the event.[8]Macedonia participated in the contest for the first time, having previously applied to enter the1996 contest but failing to progress from that edition'squalifying round; due to the then-ongoingMacedonia naming dispute with Greece, the nation participated under the provisional reference "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" or its shortened form "FYR Macedonia".[9][10]Belgium,Finland,Israel,Romania, andSlovakia made a return to the contest, replacingAustria,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Denmark,Iceland, andRussia, which were relegated following the previous year's contest, andItaly which decided against entering the event. Italy would not return to the contest again until 2011.[9]
Among the performers at this year's contest were five representatives who had previously competed as lead artists in past editions. Two artists returned as lead artists in the 1998 contest:Danijela had previously representedCroatia in 1995 as a member of the groupMagazin;[11][12] andJosé Cid, a member ofAlma Lusa [de;es], had representedPortugal in 1980.[13] Additionally, three artists who had previously competed as lead artists at Eurovision returned as backing performers for their respective countries at this year's event: José María Guzmán, who had representedSpain in 1986 as a member of the groupCadillac, was a backing singer forMikel Herzog;[14]Egon Egemann [de], who had representedSwitzerland in 1990, performed on stage as violinist forGunvor [de];[15] andPaul Harrington, who won the contest forIreland in 1994 withCharlie McGettigan, providing backing vocals forDawn Martin.[16]
| Country | Broadcaster | Artist | Song | Language | Songwriter(s) | Conductor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Belgium | RTBF | Mélanie Cohl [fr] | "Dis oui" | French | Philippe Swan | No conductor |
 Croatia | HRT | Danijela | "Neka mi ne svane" | Croatian | Petar Grašo | Stipica Kalogjera [hr] |
 Cyprus | CyBC | Michael Hajiyanni | "Genesis"(Γένεσις) | Greek |
| Costas Cacogiannis |
 Estonia | ETV | Koit Toome | "Mere lapsed" | Estonian |
| Heiki Vahar |
 Finland | YLE | Edea | "Aava" | Finnish | Olli Ahvenlahti | |
 France | France Télévision | Marie Line | "Où aller" | French |
| Martin Koch |
 Germany | NDR[a] | Guildo Horn | "Guildo hat euch lieb" | German | Stefan Raab | Stefan Raab[b] |
 Greece | ERT | Thalassa [el] | "Mia krifi evaisthisia"(Μια κρυφή ευαισθησία) | Greek |
| No conductor |
 Hungary | MTV | Charlie | "A holnap már nem lesz szomorú" | Hungarian | Miklós Malek | |
 Ireland | RTÉ | Dawn Martin | "Is Always Over Now" | English | Gerry Morgan | Noel Kelehan |
 Israel | IBA | Dana International | "Diva"(דיווה) | Hebrew | No conductor | |
| Macedonia | MRT | Vlado Janevski | "Ne zori, zoro"(Не зори, зоро) | Macedonian | Aleksandar Džambazov | |
 Malta | PBS | Chiara | "The One That I Love" | English |
| No conductor |
 Netherlands | NOS | Edsilia | "Hemel en aarde" | Dutch | Dick Bakker | |
 Norway | NRK | Lars A. Fredriksen [no] | "Alltid sommer" | Norwegian |
| Geir Langslet |
 Poland | TVP | Sixteen | "To takie proste" | Polish |
| Wiesław Pieregorólka [pl] |
 Portugal | RTP | Alma Lusa [de;es] | "Se eu te pudesse abraçar" | Portuguese | José Cid | Mike Sergeant [pt] |
 Romania | TVR | Mălina Olinescu | "Eu cred" | Romanian |
| Adrian Romcescu |
 Slovakia | STV | Katarína Hasprová [sk] | "Modlitba" | Slovak |
| Vladimír Valovič |
 Slovenia | RTVSLO | Vili Resnik | "Naj bogovi slišijo" | Slovene |
| Mojmir Sepe[b] |
 Spain | TVE | Mikel Herzog | "¿Qué voy a hacer sin ti?" | Spanish |
| Alberto Estébanez |
 Sweden | SVT | Jill Johnson | "Kärleken är" | Swedish | Anders Berglund | |
 Switzerland | SRG SSR | Gunvor [de] | "Lass ihn" | German | No conductor | |
 Turkey | TRT | Tüzmen | "Unutamazsın" | Turkish |
| Ümit Eroğlu |
 United Kingdom | BBC | Imaani | "Where Are You?" | English |
| James McMillan |
Due to the high number of countries wishing to enter the contest arelegation system was introduced in1993 in order to reduce the number of countries which could compete in each year's contest. Any relegated countries would be able to return the following year, thus allowing all countries the opportunity to compete in at least one in every two editions.[21] The relegation rules introduced for the 1997 contest were again utilised ahead of the 1998 contest, based on each country's average points total in previous contests.[6][8] The twenty-five participants were made up of the previous year's winning country and host nation, the eighteen countries which had the highest average points total over the preceding four contests, and any eligible countries which did not compete in the 1997 contest.[6][8] In cases where the average was identical between two or more countries the total number of points scored in the most recent contest determined the final order.[8]
Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Denmark,Germany, Iceland and Russia were therefore excluded from participating in the 1998 contest; however, after Italy declined to participate Germany was subsequently provided a reprieve and allowed to enter.[9][22] The calculations used to determine the countries relegated for the 1998 contest are outlined in the table below.
Table key
| Rank | Country | Average | Yearly Point Totals[23][24][25][26][27] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | |||
| 1 | Ireland | 155.20 | 187 | 226 | 44 | 162 | 157 |
| 2 | United Kingdom ‡ | 121.40 | 164 | 63 | 76 | 77 | 227 |
| 3 | Norway | 91.60 | 120 | 76 | 148 | 114 | 0 |
| 4 | France | 80.40 | 121 | 74 | 94 | 18 | 95 |
| 5 |  Italy[d] | 79.50 | 45 | 114 | |||
| 6 | Malta | 75.20 | 69 | 97 | 76 | 68 | 66 |
| 7 | Sweden | 74.60 | 89 | 48 | 100 | 100 | 36 |
| 8 | Poland | 66.50 | 166 | 15 | 31 | 54 | |
| 9 | Cyprus | 63.40 | 17 | 51 | 79 | 72 | 98 |
| 10 | Spain | 61.40 | 58 | 17 | 119 | 17 | 96 |
| 11 | Estonia | 59.33 | DNQ | 2 | R | 94 | 82 |
| 12 | Hungary | 54.67 | DNQ | 122 | 3 | DNQ | 39 |
| 13 | Croatia | 54.20 | 31 | 27 | 91 | 98 | 24 |
| 14 | Turkey | 52.25 | 10 | R | 21 | 57 | 121 |
| 15 | Greece | 50.20 | 64 | 44 | 68 | 36 | 39 |
| 16 | Switzerland | 47.50 | 148 | 15 | R | 22 | 5 |
| 17 | Portugal | 46.00 | 60 | 73 | 5 | 92 | 0 |
| 18 | Netherlands | 44.75 | 92 | 4 | R | 78 | 5 |
| 19 | Israel † | 42.50 | 4 | R | 81 | DNQ | |
| 20[e] | Slovenia | 42.25 | 9 | R | 84 | 16 | 60 |
| 21[e] | Germany[d] | 42.25 | 18 | 128 | 1 | DNQ | 22 |
| 22 |  Denmark | 42.00 | 9 | R | 92 | DNQ | 25 |
| 23 |  Russia | 40.00 | 70 | 17 | DNQ | 33 | |
| 24 |  Austria | 39.60 | 32 | 19 | 67 | 68 | 12 |
| 25 |  Iceland | 38.20 | 42 | 49 | 31 | 51 | 18 |
| 26 |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 23.00 | 27 | 39 | 14 | 13 | 22 |
| 27 | Slovakia † | 17.00 | DNQ | 15 | R | 19 | R |
| 28 | Romania † | 14.00 | DNQ | 14 | R | DNQ | R |
| 29 | Finland † | 13.33 | 20 | 11 | R | 9 | R |
| 30 | Belgium † | 11.00 | 3 | R | 8 | 22 | R |
| – | Macedonia † | –[f] | DNQ | R | |||
The Eurovision Song Contest 1998 was produced by the British public broadcasterBritish Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Kevin Bishop served as executive producer, Guy Freeman served as producer,Geoff Posner served as director, Andrew Howe-Davies served asdesigner, andMartin Koch served asmusical director, leading the 60-pieceBBC Concert Orchestra and arranging and orchestrating the music for the opening and closing sequences and the interval act.[28][29] On behalf of the contest organisers, theEuropean Broadcasting Union (EBU), the event was overseen by Christine Marchal-Ortiz asscrutineer.[30][31][32]
Construction within the National Indoor Arena began on 19 April 1998 to build out the stage and orchestral area for the contest, as well as creating space for thegreen room, the dressing rooms, the press centre and accreditation area, and small rooms for use by each country's individual commentators.[6] Although the arena could hold up to 13,000 people, the assembled audience during the contest was limited to around 4,500, with tickets for the dress rehearsal and live show awarded byballot.[6][33] The contest organisers also engaged with fan groups, and tickets in the front rows of the arena were distributed among these groups for the first time.[34][35]
The green room was situated behind the stage, and was designed to resemble anightclub. The arena featured three largevideo screens to enable the audience to follow the voting, andvideo walls were also constructed for use on stage, in the press centre and the green room. A 400-seatauditorium for press conferences and 38 booths for journalists equipped with phone lines were installed within the press centre, and 40 commentary boxes were constructed in the arena to accommodate the teams from the various broadcasters, with 28 built for television and 12 for radio.[6][28][29] Much of the press centre facilities constructed for the contest were subsequently retained and augmented for use during the24th G8 summit held in Birmingham the following week.[29][36]
Orchestral rehearsals and rehearsals of the main elements of the interval act took place on 2 and 3 May, with rehearsals for the competing countries beginning on 4 May. The first rehearsals for each country, lasting 40 minutes in total followed by a 20 minute press conference, took place on 4 and 5 May, with second rehearsals for each country taking place on 6 and 7 May and lasting 30 minutes.[6] Three dress rehearsals were held on 8 and 9 May, with an audience in attendance during the evening dress rehearsal on 8 May, which was also recorded for use in case of problems during the live contest that resulted in the broadcast being suspended.[6] Stand-in studios were also prepared in Studio 4 ofBBC Television Centre, London and in thePebble Mill Studios in Birmingham in case of an emergency at the National Indoor Arena that resulted in evacuation.[6]
The Swedish-British television presenter and modelUlrika Jonsson and the Irish television and radio presenterTerry Wogan were the presenters of the 1998 contest. Wogan had previously provided television and radio commentary on the BBC since 1971, and performed this role once again for the contest's broadcast onBBC One from a separate commentary booth erected behind the stage in addition to his role as the contest presenter.[6][37]
The draw to the determine the running order, held on 13 November 1997 in the National Indoor Arena, was compered by Wogan andKatrina Leskanich, lead vocalist of the 1997 contest winnersKatrina and the Waves.[6][38]
For those countries which opted to utilise the orchestra during their performance a separate musical director could be nominated to lead the orchestra, with the host musical director, Martin Koch, also conducting for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[8][39]
The entries from Belgium, Greece, Germany, Israel, Malta, Slovenia and Switzerland were performed entirely without orchestration; however, in the case of Germany and Slovenia, conductors for those countries were present during the contest.[11]Stefan Raab, the writer of the German entry under the pseudonym "Alf Igel", had no intention of conducting the orchestra but insisted on taking the customary conductor's bow before the entry, while the Slovenian entry had been due to be performed with the orchestra before a change of mind by the songwriters during the rehearsals led to the full backing track being used and the original conductor for the Slovenian delegationMojmir Sepe instead signalling to start the track.[19][20] The French entry had been planned to be performed completely with the backing track, but during rehearsals a decision was reached to incorporate additional live string accompaniment from the orchestra directed by Martin Koch.[40]
During rehearsals conflict occurred between the contest organisers and the Greek delegation, with the Greeks unhappy with the way that their entry was being presented on screen. Aggressive behaviour by the Greek composer, Yiannis Valvis, during the dress rehearsals led to his accreditation being rescinded, and on the day of the contest the Greek broadcasterHellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT) withdrew from the contest, a decision which was ultimately reversed minutes later.[11][22][41] Issues also arose during the rehearsals for the Turkish entry, when its conductor Ümit Eroğlu was found to be leading the orchestra at too slow a tempo, resulting in the performance running over the three minute limit and thus breaking the rules of the contest. Ultimately the final performance lasted two minutes and fifty-nine seconds, ensuring that Turkey could not be disqualified for exceeding the time limit during the final and would remain in the competition.[41][42]
The trophy awarded to the writers of the winning song was designed by Anongkarat Unyawong, a student at theBirmingham School of Jewellery, who had won a competition conducted at the school for the occasion.[43][44] The winning performers received a glass bowl designed by Susan Nickson bearing the Eurovision Song Contest 1998 logo.[45] The winners were heralded by the trumpeters of the Life Guards as they entered the stage, and the awards were presented by Katrina Leskanich.[44][46]
The rules of the Eurovision Song Contest 1998 were published in November 1997. The document set out the overall aim of the contest and provided detail on the organisation of the event, the qualification process, the criteria for the competing songs and performers, the voting system to be used to determine the results of the contest, as well as the rights and responsibilities conferred by the EBU onto the participating broadcasters.[8]
Each participating broadcaster submitted one song to the contest, which was required to be no longer than three minutes in duration and performed in the language, or one of the languages, of the participating country. Short quotations from another language, no more than a single phrase repeated a maximum of three times, were permitted.[8] Each entry was able to utilise all or part of the live orchestra and could use instrumental-onlybacking tracks.[8] This was the second edition of the contest in which the entire song could be performed with a backing track, following the 1997 contest; previously any backing tracks which were used could only include the sound of instruments which featured on stage beingmimed by the performers.[47] A maximum of six performers were allowed on stage during each country's performance, and all performers must have reached the age of 16 in the year of the contest.[8]
Selected entries were not permitted to be released commercially before 1 January 1998; entries were only permitted to be released after being selected for the contest, and were then only allowed to be released in the country they represented until after the contest was held.[8] Entries were required to be selected by each country's participating broadcaster by 15 March, and the final submission date for all selected entries to be received by the contest organisers was set for 23 March. This submission was required to include thescore of the song for use by the orchestra, a sound recording of the entry and backing track for use during the contest, and the text of the song lyrics in its original language and translations in French and English for distribution to the participating broadcasters, their commentators and juries.[8]
For the first time awatermark was included on screen during each entry with the name of the country being performed, an innovation which has become a standard feature in each contest.[9] This edition of the contest would conversely be the last in which countries would be obliged to perform in their own language and the last to feature an orchestra accompanying the competing entries; from the following year's contest participating countries were able to send entries in any language and the organising broadcaster was no longer obliged to provide an orchestra.[48][49] In subsequent years the rules would be modified again to remove the option for entries to be accompanied by live music entirely.[50]
The results of the 1998 contest were determined through the same scoring system as had first been introduced in1975: each country awarded twelve points to its favourite entry, followed by ten points to its second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to one for the remaining songs which featured in the country's top ten, with countries unable to vote for their own entry.[8][51] For the first time each participating country was required to usetelevoting to determine their points, with countries with weaktelephone networks that prevented them from holding a large-scale televote being granted an exception.[8][9][44] This followed a trial held in the 1997 contest where televoting was used to determine the points from five of the twenty-five competing countries.[51] Viewers had a total of five minutes to register their vote by calling one of twenty-four different telephone numbers to represent the twenty-five competing entries except that which represented their own country, with voting lines opening following the performance of the last competing entry.[8][45] Once phone lines were opened a video recap containing short clips of each competing entry with the accompanying phone number for voting was shown in order to aid viewers during the voting window.[45] Systems were also put in place to preventlobby groups from one country voting for their song by travelling to other countries.[8]
The points from countries which were unable to use televoting were determined by an assembled jury of sixteen individuals, which was required to be split evenly between members of the public and music professionals, comprised additionally of an equal number of men and women, and below and above 30 years of age. In addition countries using televoting were required to appoint a back-up jury of eight members which would be called into action upon technical failure preventing the televote results from being used, with the same equal split of gender, age and occupation.[8][44] Each jury member voted in secret and awarded between one and ten votes to each participating song, excluding that from their own country and with no abstentions permitted. The votes of each member were collected following the country's performance and then tallied by the non-voting jury chairperson to determine the points to be awarded. In any cases where two or more songs in the top ten received the same number of votes, a show of hands by all jury members was used to determine the final placing; if a tie still remained, the youngest jury member would have the deciding vote.[8]
Each entry was preceded by a video postcard which served as an introduction to the competing artists from each country, as well as providing an opportunity to showcase the running artistic theme of the event and creating a transition between entries to allow stage crew to make changes on stage.[52][53] The postcards for the 1998 contest continued the theme of the opening segment, with each clip focussing on a particular theme – either an object, place or concept – and creating a juxtaposition between its older and newer versions. Each postcard was accompanied by extracts ofBritpop or classical music, with a pattern featured in the final moments of the footage forming into the flag of the country which was about to perform.[11][45] The various themes for each postcard, and the musical accompaniment which featured, are listed below by order of performance:[11][45]
Croatia – Football; "Sight for Sore Eyes" (M People) Greece – Beaches; "Alright" (Supergrass) France – Aircraft; "Ordinary World" (Duran Duran) Spain – Leisure;The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra (performed by theBirmingham Symphony Orchestra) Switzerland – Loch Ness; "Enchanted Highland" (APM Celtic Players) Slovakia – Jewellery; "Ain't Talkin' 'bout Dub" (Apollo 440) Poland – Glasgow,Scotland; "Slight Return" (The Bluetones) Israel – Art; "Common People" (Pulp) Germany – Ironworks; "Always on My Mind" (Pet Shop Boys) Malta – Fashion; "Mulder and Scully" (Catatonia) Hungary – Wales; "A Design for Life" (Manic Street Preachers) Slovenia – Pubs; "Ocean Drive" (Lighthouse Family) Ireland – London, England; "Bitter Sweet Symphony" (The Verve) Portugal – Education; "Beautiful Ones" (Suede) Romania – Sailing; "Sailing" (Rod Stewart) United Kingdom – Cars; "Hush" (Kula Shaker) Cyprus – Food; "Born Slippy" (Underworld) Netherlands – Broadcasting; "Polo Mint City" (Texas) Sweden – Retail; "Don't Marry Her" (The Beautiful South) Belgium – Theatres; "She's a Star" (James) Finland – Films; "The Chad Who Loved Me" (Mansun) Norway – Medieval; "Hail to the King" (performed by theKneller Hall State Trumpeters) Estonia – Belfast,Northern Ireland; "Bright Side of the Road" (Van Morrison) Turkey – National landmarks;Symphony No. 5, III: Romanza (Ralph Vaughan Williams) Macedonia – Weather; "Sugar Coated Iceberg" (The Lightning Seeds)
The contest took place on 9 May 1998 at 20:00 (BST) and lasted 3 hours.[8][11] The table below outlines the participating countries, the order in which they performed, the competing artists and songs, and the results of the voting.
The contest began with a video entitled "Birmingham, Old and New", which presented overlapping images of Birmingham in 1998 with archive footage of the city, including shots ofBrindleyplace and boats on thecity's canal network, to music from the BBC Concert Orchestra.[6][45] A fanfare from the trumpeters of theLife Guards greeted the contest's presenters as they entered the stage.[45] Also featured during the opening section of the broadcast was a summary video of the 1960 contest, the first to be held in the United Kingdom, with that year's presenterKatie Boyle – the only individual to host four contests – in attendance as a special guest.[45][54] Special appearances were also featured from Katrina Leskanich andCarrie Crowley, the co-presenter of the1997 contest, who appeared viavideo link fromDublin.[45]
The interval performance was entitled "Jupiter, The Bringer of Jollity", based on music from themovement of the same name from the orchestralsuiteThe Planets by English composerGustav Holst.[46] A medley of vocal and instrumental pieces inspired by English, Scottish, Welsh, Irish, Indian andZulu cultures, the segment included over 200 performers and featured music from the BBC Concert Orchestra and performances bysopranoLesley Garrett, violinistVanessa-Mae, theSutherland Pipe Band,Andrew Findon ontin whistle, Carys Hughes onharp, thebhangra dance group Nachda Sansaar, the Canoldir Male Voice Choir, theGrimethorpe Colliery Band, trumpeters from theBand of the Blues and Royals and an excerpt ofPatti Boulaye'sSun Dance.[45][55][56]
The winner wasIsrael represented by the song "Diva", composed bySvika Pick, written byYoav Ginai [he] and performed byDana International.[57] This marked Israel's third contest win, following the country's back-to-back victories in1978 and1979.[58] Dana International, the contest's first openlytransgender participant, also became the first openlyLGBTQ+ and first openly transgender artist to win the event.[59][60] The United Kingdom earned a record-extending fifteenth second place finish, Malta's third place finish equalled its previous best contest performance, and the Netherlands obtained its best placing since its most recent victory in1975 by finishing in fourth place.[9][44]
Following her victory Dana International also caused a delay in the production when, following the conclusion of the voting, she changed outfits into one specially designed for the contest byJean Paul Gaultier but which was ultimately not used for the original performance.[61] This led to scenes towards the end of the broadcast of hosts Terry Wogan and Ulrika Jonsson, and last year's winning vocalist Katrina Leskanich, looking perturbed and confused as to the delay and location of Dana International.[22][62]
Following the contest it was announced the results of the Spanish vote had been incorrectly tabulated, resulting in Germany, which should have been awarded twelve points, receiving no points at all; this subsequently had an impact on the remaining countries which were awarded points by Spain.[9][44][63] The tables in this article present the corrected results as published by the EBU.
| R/O | Country | Artist | Song | Points | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Croatia | Danijela | "Neka mi ne svane" | 131 | 5 |
| 2 | Greece | Thalassa | "Mia krifi evaisthisia" | 12 | 20 |
| 3 | France | Marie Line | "Où aller" | 3 | 24 |
| 4 | Spain | Mikel Herzog | "¿Qué voy a hacer sin ti?" | 21 | 16 |
| 5 | Switzerland | Gunvor | "Lass ihn" | 0 | 25 |
| 6 | Slovakia | Katarína Hasprová | "Modlitba" | 8 | 21 |
| 7 | Poland | Sixteen | "To takie proste" | 19 | 17 |
| 8 | Israel | Dana International | "Diva" | 172 | 1 |
| 9 | Germany | Guildo Horn | "Guildo hat euch lieb" | 86 | 7 |
| 10 | Malta | Chiara | "The One That I Love" | 165 | 3 |
| 11 | Hungary | Charlie | "A holnap már nem lesz szomorú" | 4 | 23 |
| 12 | Slovenia | Vili Resnik | "Naj bogovi slišijo" | 17 | 18 |
| 13 | Ireland | Dawn Martin | "Is Always Over Now" | 64 | 9 |
| 14 | Portugal | Alma Lusa | "Se eu te pudesse abraçar" | 36 | 12 |
| 15 | Romania | Mălina Olinescu | "Eu cred" | 6 | 22 |
| 16 | United Kingdom | Imaani | "Where Are You?" | 166 | 2 |
| 17 | Cyprus | Michael Hajiyanni | "Genesis" | 37 | 11 |
| 18 | Netherlands | Edsilia | "Hemel en aarde" | 150 | 4 |
| 19 | Sweden | Jill Johnson | "Kärleken är" | 53 | 10 |
| 20 | Belgium | Mélanie Cohl | "Dis oui" | 122 | 6 |
| 21 | Finland | Edea | "Aava" | 22 | 15 |
| 22 | Norway | Lars A. Fredriksen | "Alltid sommer" | 79 | 8 |
| 23 | Estonia | Koit Toome | "Mere lapsed" | 36 | 12 |
| 24 | Turkey | Tüzmen | "Unutamazsın" | 25 | 14 |
| 25 | Macedonia | Vlado Janevski | "Ne zori, zoro" | 16 | 19 |
Each participating broadcaster appointed a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for its respective country.[8][65] As had been the case since the1994 contest, the spokespersons were connected viasatellite and appeared in vision during the broadcast.[66] Spokespersons at the 1998 contest are listed below.[45]
During the voting procedure Ulrika Jonsson had an unplanned comical moment with the Dutch spokespersonConny Vandenbos; after Vandenbos had expressed her sympathy with the performers in the contest – having previously represented the Netherlands in1965 – she added that "it's long ago". This comment was not heard by the audience in the arena due to noise, but Jonsson's reply, "a long time ago, was it?" was, leading to a reaction from the crowd due to the perceived rudeness of the remark out of context.[62]
Croatia – Davor Meštrović [hr] Greece – Alexis Kostalas [el][67] France – Marie Myriam[68] Spain – Belén Fernández de Henestrosa Switzerland – Regula Elsener Slovakia – Alena Heribanová [sk] Poland – Jan Chojnacki [pl] Israel – Yigal Ravid Germany – Nena Malta – Stephanie Spiteri Hungary – Barna Héder [hu] Slovenia – Mojca Mavec [sl] Ireland – Eileen Dunne[69] Portugal – Lúcia Moniz Romania – Anca Țurcașiu [ro] United Kingdom – Ken Bruce[44] Cyprus – Marina Maleni Netherlands – Conny Vandenbos Sweden – Björn Hedman[70] Belgium – Marie-Hélène Vanderborght Finland – Marjo Wilska[71] Norway – Ragnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft Estonia – Urve Tiidus[72] Turkey – Osman Erkan Macedonia – Evgenija TeodosievskaTelevoting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries, except Hungary, Romania and Turkey.[44] The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order.[8][45] The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.
| Voting procedure used: 100% televoting 100% jury vote | Total score | Croatia | Greece | France | Spain | Switzerland | Slovakia | Poland | Israel | Germany | Malta | Hungary | Slovenia | Ireland | Portugal | Romania | United Kingdom | Cyprus | Netherlands | Sweden | Belgium | Finland | Norway | Estonia | Turkey | Macedonia | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Contestants | Croatia | 131 | 5 | 8 | 1 | 5 | 10 | 6 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 12 | |||
| Greece | 12 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| France | 3 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spain | 21 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Switzerland | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Slovakia | 8 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Poland | 19 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Israel | 172 | 10 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 12 | 7 | 6 | 12 | 7 | 5 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 8 | |||||
| Germany | 86 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| Malta | 165 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 3 | 12 | 5 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 12 | 5 | 10 | ||||
| Hungary | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Slovenia | 17 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Ireland | 64 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 7 | ||||||||||
| Portugal | 36 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||
| Romania | 6 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| United Kingdom | 166 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 12 | 1 | 8 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 10 | ||
| Cyprus | 37 | 4 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Netherlands | 150 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 12 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 3 | ||||||
| Sweden | 53 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Belgium | 122 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 6 | |||||
| Finland | 22 | 10 | 1 | 10 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Norway | 79 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||
| Estonia | 36 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||
| Turkey | 25 | 5 | 12 | 2 | 1 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Macedonia | 16 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another. The winning country is shown in bold. Malta and the United Kingdom each received the maximum score of 12 points from four countries, with Germany and Israel receiving three sets of 12 points each, Croatia and the Netherlands receiving two sets each, and Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Greece, Norway, Sweden and Turkey each receiving one maximum score.[73][74]
| N. | Contestant | Nation(s) giving 12 points |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Malta | Ireland, Norway, Slovakia, United Kingdom |
| United Kingdom | Croatia, Israel, Romania, Turkey | |
| 3 | Germany | Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland |
| Israel | France, Malta, Portugal | |
| 2 | Croatia | Macedonia, Slovenia |
| Netherlands | Belgium, Hungary | |
| 1 | Belgium | Poland |
| Cyprus | Greece | |
| Estonia | Finland | |
| Greece | Cyprus | |
| Norway | Sweden | |
| Sweden | Estonia | |
| Turkey | Germany |
Each participating broadcaster was required to relay live and in full the contest via television. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants"; any passive countries wishing to participate in the following year's event were also required to provide a live broadcast of the contest or a deferred broadcast within 24 hours.[8] Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers. These commentators were typically sent to the venue to report on the event, and were able to provide commentary from small booths constructed at the back of the venue.[75][76]
The 1998 contest was transmitted to 33 European countries, as well as to Australia, Canada andSouth Korea, with an estimated audience of 600 million viewers reported following the contest.[6][28][77] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators, are shown in the tables below.
| Country | Broadcaster | Channel(s) | Commentator(s) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Australia | SBS | SBS TV[k] | [117] | |
| Austria | ORF | ORF 1 | Ernst Grissemann | [110] |
| FM4 | Stermann & Grissemann | [118] | ||
| Denmark | DR | DR1 | Keld Heick | [119] |
 Falkland Islands | BFBS | BFBS Television | [120] | |
 Faroe Islands | SvF | [121] | ||
 Greenland | KNR | KNR[l] | [122] | |
| Iceland | RÚV | Sjónvarpið,Rás 2 | Páll Óskar Hjálmtýsson | [123] |
 Latvia | LTV | Kārlis Streips [lv] | [124][125] | |
 Lithuania | LRT | LTV | [126] | |
 Yugoslavia | RTS | RTS 3K | [127] | |
TheBarbara Dex Award, created in 1997 by fansite House of Eurovision, was awarded to the performer deemed to have been the "worst dressed" among the participants.[128] The winner in 1998 was Germany's representativeGuildo Horn, as determined by the founders of the House of Eurovision site Edwin van Thillo and Rob Paardekam.[129][130][131]
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The selection ofDana International as the Israeli representative for the contest by theIsrael Broadcasting Authority (IBA) created uproar among members of theOrthodox Jewish community in Israel. Taking issue with the singer's transgender status, groups mountedstreet protests against her selection, and she also receiveddeath threats ahead of the contest.[132][133][134] Her selection was also opposed by political figures, with deputy ministerShlomo Benizri demanding her removal, referring to the singer as "an abomination" and her selection as "sending a message of darkness".[135][136] On arriving at the contest Dana International was accommodated in theHyatt Regency Birmingham, the only hotel in Birmingham with bulletproof windows, and was accompanied in public by armed guards.[22][137]
"Diva" was subsequently nominated in 2005 to compete inCongratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest, a special broadcast to determine the contest's most popular entry of its first 50 years as part of the contest's anniversary celebrations. One of fourteen entries chosen to compete – the only song from the 1990s on the list – "Diva" ultimately finished in thirteenth place.[138][139]
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