50°50′43″N4°23′25″E / 50.84528°N 4.39028°E /50.84528; 4.39028
| European Union Military Staff | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms | |
| Active | 2004–present |
| Allegiance |  European Union |
| Type | Military staff |
| Role | SupervisesCSDPoperations, provides strategic advice to theHigh Representative, reports to theEUMC. |
| Size | 200+ personnel |
| Part of | European External Action Service |
| Location | Avenue de Cortenbergh 150,Brussels,Belgium |
| Website | europa.eu |
| Commanders | |
| High Repr. | Kaja Kallas |
| Director General | Lieutenant GeneralMichiel van der Laan |
| Deputy Director General | Major GeneralGábor Horváth |
TheMilitary Staff of the European Union (EUMS) is the directorate-general of theEuropean Union's (EU)External Action Service (EEAS) that contributes to the EU'sCommon Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) by providing strategic advice to theHigh Representative (HR/VP) and commanding operations through itsMilitary Planning and Conduct Capability (MPCC) operational headquarters. From the end of 2020, the MPCC will be capable of running executive operations of up to 2,500 troops, i.e. the size of oneEU battle group, as well as 3 non-executive missions.[1]
The EUMS also reports to theEuropean Union Military Committee (EUMC), representingmember states'Chiefs of Defence, and performs "early warning", situation assessment and strategic planning.
The EUMS currently consists of 200+ military and civilian personnel, and is located in theKortenberg building in Brussels.
TheCommon Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) was introduced as apillar of the EU by theTreaty of Maastricht in 1993, based on the earlier 1970European Political Cooperation (EPC). The CFSP was to include ‘all questions related to the security of the Union, including the eventual framing of a common defence policy, which might in time lead to a common defence’.
In December 1998 the Franco-BritishSaint-Malo declaration stated that the EU ‘must have the capacity for autonomous action, backed up by credible military forces, the means to decide to use them, and a readiness to do so, in order to respond to international crises’. This marked a British change of course, as it previously had blocked any development of EU autonomous military capabilities.
At the European Council in Cologne in June 1999 the European Security and Defence Identity (ESDI) - formed in 1996 as a project betweenWestern European Union's (WEU) and theNorth Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) - was transferred to the EU and renamed the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP). The main goal of this newly established CSDP was to deal with crisis management outside EU territory.
In 2000 and 2001 a number ofCouncil bodies were established as part of the ESDP:
In 2003 theTreaty of Nice provided the ESDP's legal foundation, in terms of competences, organisation, structures and assets.
Upon the entry into force of theTreaty of Lisbon in 2009 the EUMS was transferred from the Council's General Secretariat to become a Directorate-General (DG) of the newly establishedEuropean External Action Service (EEAS) - the EU's diplomatic service, a hybrid Council-Commission body resulting from a merger of the external relations departments of the Council and relevant international relations departments of theEuropean Commission.
In 2016European Union Global Strategy was presented by HR Federica Mogherini and welcomed by theEuropean Council. The implementation of this strategy in the field of CSDP has included the establishment of theMilitary Planning and Conduct Capability (MPCC), which gives the EUMS the role of commanding operations directly.
The EUMS performs a supervisory function in relation toCommon Security and Defence Policy (CSDP)operations:
The EUMS has supervised anumber of deployments since its establishment.
The relationship between theHigh Representative, theMilitary Staff andMilitary Committee as of November 2017:[2]Colour key:
High Representative (aVice-President of theCommission)
Military Committee (EUMC; aCouncil body)
Military Staff (EUMS; a Directorate-General of theExternal Action Service)
| High Representative | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 ChairmanEUMC  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Working Group | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Working Group/Headline Goal Task Force | Director GeneralEUMS/ Director MPCC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Legal advisor | Deputy Director General | Horizontal Coordination | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assistant Chief of Staff for Synchronisation | EU cell atSHAPE | EU Liaison at theUN in NY | Assistant Chief of Staff for External Relations | NATO Permanent Liaison Team | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concepts & Capabilities Directorate | Intelligence Directorate | Operations Directorate | Logistics Directorate | Communications & Information Systems Directorate | Military Planning and Conduct Capability (MPCC)
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The EUMS is a Directorate-General of theExternal Action Service (EADS) that is located in theKortenberg building in Brussels and currently consists of 200+ military and civilian personnel.
The EUMS is led by the Director General (DGEUMS, athree-star general).[3]
Since 2017 DGEUMS has also served as Director of theMilitary Planning and Conduct Capability, and as such assumes the function of the single commander for all non-executive military missions, exercising command and control over the current three training Missions and other possible future non-executive military Missions.
DGEUMS is assisted by the Deputy Director General and the Chef of Staff (DDG/COS, atwo-star general).[3]
The Military Planning and Conduct Capability (MPCC) is an EUMS facility that provides a permanent operational headquarters at the military strategic level for military operations. The MPCC reports to thePolitical and Security Committee (PSC) and informing theEuropean Union Military Committee (EUMC).[4]
Presently the MPCC may only run non-executive operations. By the end of 2020 the MPCC will also be capable of running executive operations of up to 2500 troops, i.e. the size of onebattle group.[5]
The MPCC cooperates with its existing civilian counterpart, theCivilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC), through aJoint Support Coordination Cell (JSCC).
The EUMS has five directorates, each led by aone-star commander.[3]
The Concepts and Capabilities Directorate (CON/CAP) is responsible for EUMS concepts, doctrine and the planning and development of capabilities including crisis management exercises, training, analysis and lessons learned, and for cooperation with theEuropean Defence Agency (EDA), ensuring coherency between the EU military concepts and the crisis management procedures.[6]
The Intelligence Directorate (INT) has the following tasks:[6]
The Operations Directorate (OPS) has the following tasks:[6]
The Logistics Directorate (LOG) provides administrative support, logistic planning expertise, logistic concepts, doctrine related to crisis response planning. LOG also assesses operations and exercises.[6]
The Communication and Information Systems Directorate (CIS) has the following tasks:[6]
Other units at the EUMS include:[6]
TheEU command and control (C2) structure is directed by political bodies composed ofmember states' representatives, and generally requires unanimous decisions. As of April 2019:[7]
| Political strategic level:[5] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ISS | EUCO Pres. (EUCO) | Chain of command | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordination/support | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SatCen | CIVCOM | HR/VP (FAC) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INTCEN | HR/VP (PMG) | HR/VP (PSC)[6] | CEUMC (EUMC) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CMPD | DGEUMS[3] (EUMS) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Military/civilian strategic level: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dir MPCC[3] (MPCC) | JSCC | Civ OpCdrCPCC[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operational level: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MFCdr[4] (MFHQ) | HoM[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tactical level: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CC[2] Land | CC[2] Air | CC[2] Mar | Other CCs[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forces | Forces | Forces | Forces | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
