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Ethiopia was one of only three teams (along withEgypt andSudan) to participate in the inauguralAfrica Cup of Nations in1957. It won the competition in1962, while it was also the host. However, success has been elusive since the end of the 1960s. Under coachSewnet Bishaw, the team qualified for the2013 Africa Cup of Nations after a 31-year absence.[5]
Ethiopia has a long football tradition and was among the pioneers of international competition in Africa, playing its first international match in 1947, defeatingFrench Somaliland 5–0.[3] The EFF joinedFIFA in 1952,[5] and was one of the founders of theConfederation of African Football in 1957.[8] The team took part in theinaugural African Nations Cup in 1957, where it finished second.[9] In 1959, Ethiopia entered the1962 World Cup qualifiers for the first time and facedIsrael in the second round after a bye. The team lost both games; and with an aggregate score of 2–4 was knocked out of the competition.[10]
The team won the African tournament on home soil, in1962.[11] Nine countries entered the competition, including the reigning champions, theUnited Arab Republic, meaning for the first time a qualification tournament was required. As with previous tournaments, the finals only included four teams. TheUnited Arab Republic, as holders, and Ethiopia as hosts, qualified automatically meaning each needed to play only one game to reach the final. Ethiopia won the tournament for the first time afterextra time in thefinal against the United Arab Republic.Mengistu Worku andBadawi Abdel Fattah were joint top-scorers, both with three goals each, but the award itself was given to Worku because his team had won the title.[12] This was the greatest feat ever achieved by the Ethiopian National team, and the only African Cup of Nations title it has ever won.Luciano Vassalo was the team's captain,[13] and the coach wasYdnekatchew Tessema.[citation needed]
In the1963 African Cup of Nations, they finished fourth, after losing the third place battle against theUnited Arab Republic.[14] The1965 edition was even more of a disappointment for Ethiopia, as the national team was eliminated in group phase byTunisia andSenegal, finishing at the bottom of the group, with only one scored goal.[15]
The next African Cup of Nations was the1968 edition. Again, but this time on home soil, the team finished in fourth place after losing to theDemocratic Republic of the Congo in the semi-finals, and losing the third place match toIvory Coast 0−1.[16] But two years later, the team went through a real disaster, as they finished at the bottom of the group phase, with a goal difference of 3–12.[citation needed] The worst was yet to come for Ethiopia as they did not qualify for the1972 African Cup of Nations at all, losing toKenya in the qualifying tournament with a 0–3 aggregate.[citation needed] Almost the same thing happened for the1974 African Cup of Nations. This time, they were eliminated byTanzania.[citation needed]
Ethiopia hosted the Nations Cup tournament in1976, but failed to progress to the final four, finishing third in the group, behindGuinea and Egypt.[17] In 1977, they playedMauritius in the qualifiers for the1978 African Cup of Nations. After a 4–2 win on aggregate, they had to playUganda. After a 0–0 draw from the first match, Uganda won the second match, 2–1, and progressed to the final tournament.[citation needed] They also missed the1980 African Cup of Nations.[citation needed] Until 2013, Ethiopia last qualified for the tournament in1982, under coachMengistu Worku, legendary former player. They failed to make it past the group stage.[18]
In the2001 CECAFA Cup, Ethiopia beatZanzibar 5–0[19] and tied 1–1 withRwanda B[20] to advance to the quarterfinals againstBurundi.[21] After a 2–2 tie in regulation, they beat Burundi 5–4 in penalty kicks.[22] Ethiopia went on to beatRwanda A 1–0[23] in the semi-finals andKenya 2–1[24] in the finals to win the championship for the first time since 1987.[25] Because of their success in 2001 withAsrat Haile at the helm, Ethiopia jumped 17 spots inFIFA rankings from 155th to 138th.[26][27] Despite their success, the EFF chose to replace Asrat withGerman coachJochen Figge in August 2002.[28]
In the2002 CECAFA Cup, Ethiopia failed to qualify past the group stage of the competition; they lost all four of their games against Zanzibar,[29]Uganda,[30]Somalia, and Rwanda.[31] In2003 CECAFA Cup, Ethiopia withdrew just before the start of the tournament.[32] The competition only had six participating countries with Burundi, Djibouti, Somalia, andTanzania also choosing not to participate.[33] The EFF fired Figge in May 2003, even though the team had won two games and was second in their group in the2004 African Cup of Nationsqualifiers. Then assistant coach, Asrat was appointed interim coach.[34] Ethiopia failed to qualify by 3 points with a loss in the final game inGuinea.[35] Asrat was soon replaced bySeyoum Kebede whose tenure with the "Walias" was also short lived.[citation needed]
The next challenge was the2004 CECAFA Cup inAddis Ababa. There were 9 teams in regional tournament: Burundi, Zanzibar, Rwanda, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Sudan, Kenya, Uganda and Somalia.[36] Ethiopia was led by captainZewdu Bekele,[37] and again by coach Asrat who was recalled to the position a mere two weeks before the beginning of the tournament.[38] After defeating Burundi, tying with Rwanda and beating Tanzania, and Zanzibar, the team advanced to the semi-finals for the first time since 2001. Ethiopia advanced to the championship after a dramatic nail-biting penalty shootout with Kenya.[36] The team went on to beat Burundi 3–0 and win the 2004 CECAFA Cup on 25 December 2004.[39][40] That night, people all across Addis Ababa sang and danced in the streets.[citation needed]
The Ethiopian national team was the champion of the sameCECAFA Cup competition again in2005, inKigali, Rwanda.[41] This time coached bySewnet Bishaw[citation needed]—after a 0–0 draw with Uganda and a 3–1 victory over Sudan—Ethiopia thrashedDjibouti in a 6–0 victory.[42] They then went on to beat Somalia 3–1. Semi-finals saw Ethiopia whip Zanzibar 4–0, withFikru Tefera scoring a hat-trick. In the final match,Andualem Negusse's goal allowed Ethiopia to take the cup again with a 1–0 win over Rwanda.[43]
The Ethiopian team did not fare as well in the next three appearances at the CECAFA Cup. At the2006 CECAFA Cup in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia lost to Tanzania[44] but beat Djibouti and Malawi in the group stage to advance to the quarterfinals against Zambia.[45][46] They lost 0–1 with a very late goal by Zambia'sJonas Sakuwaha in the 87th minute of the game.[47] On 6 December, aCECAFA emergency committee made the extraordinary decision to have the match replayed because refereeIssa Kagabi (Rwanda) supposedly had whistled the end of the match prematurely. Zambia announced they would refuse to play Ethiopia again. CECAFA secretary generalNicholas Musonye—not present at the emergency committee meeting—threatened that he'd cancel the entire tournament should match be replayed.Ethiopian Football Federation declined to have the match replayed and graciously withdrew from the tournament.[48]
At2007 CECAFA Cup, Ethiopia suffered a 1–3 loss to Zanzibar and a hard-fought 0–0 draw with Sudan in which they failed to produce a goal despite starFikru Tefera's call up.[49] This was enough to eliminate Ethiopia from the tournament.[50]
In the 2008 African Cup of Nations qualifiers, Ethiopia finished bottom of their group after losing their last two games.
In July 2008, aFIFA Emergency Committee decided to suspend theEthiopian Football Federation (EFF) due to their failure to comply with the road map to normalize the federation agreed upon in February 2008 byFIFA,CAF and EFF.[51] The road map was established in Feb 2008 following the dismissal of the country's football federation presidentAshebir Woldegiorgis by the countries authorities. One of the main points of the road map was the organization of an "extraordinary general assembly" to deal with the "motion of dismissal". In addition, the EFF offices were to be handed over to the recognized leadership of the federation.[52][53]
The suspension of the EFF came into force on 29 July 2008, the day on which the federation had officially been notified of its suspension. Ethiopia played four group level matches in2010 FIFA World Cup qualification before FIFA announced the immediate suspension of the Ethiopian Football Federation. On 12 September 2008, FIFA excluded the Ethiopian team from the 2010 World Cup qualifiers and the results of their matches were cancelled.[54] Ethiopia's exclusion from the World Cup also led to their exclusion from the Africa Cup of Nations. While it was not clear if the team was also explicitly excluded from the2010 Africa Cup of Nations, their failure to complete the remaining fixtures effectively eliminated them from the tournament because the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification was also used to determine the qualification for 2010 Africa Cup of Nations.[55] The team also missed the2008 CECAFA Cup due to this suspension.[56]
In July 2009, the EFF was reinstated after organizing the extraordinary general assembly and electing new leaders as instructed by FIFA. FIFA's executive committee had voted a month before to lift the suspension so long as that EFF organized and chaired an elective general assembly.[57] FIFA confirmed that it was satisfied with the election.[58]
At the2009 CECAFA Cup, Ethiopia defeated Djibouti 5–0,[59] but lost 0–1 toZambia and 0–2 toKenya, thus finishing third in the group and getting eliminated from the regional tournament.[60]
At the2010 CECAFA Cup, inTanzania, Ethiopia was in Group C withUganda,Kenya andMalawi. After the 1–2 loss to Uganda,[61] Ethiopia beat Kenya 2–1 and came to a 1–1 draw with Malawi. Next opponent was Zambia, and Ethiopia won 2–1 by two goals.[62][63] In semi-finals however, they lost to Ivory Coast 0–1.[64] In the third-place battle to follow, they lost 3–4 to Uganda to come in fourth place in the tournament.[65] Tournament's star players and goal scorers wereShimelis Bekele ofAwassa City andOumed Oukri ofDefence Force.[citation needed] The team had exceeded fans’ expectations by reaching the semi-final stage.[citation needed]
In April 2011, the Ethiopian Football Federation fired national coachIffy Onuora – just 9 months after he took charge of the Ethiopian national football team. Ethiopian Football Federation cited disciplinary grounds for his dismissal just a month after the team's 4–0 defeat at the hands of theNigerian Green Eagles in Group B of the2012 Africa Cup of Nationsqualification inAbuja.[66] The Ethiopian national team had played 11 matches during coach Onuora's tenure, winning 4, drawing in 1 and losing 6 matches. The team scored 12 goals and conceded 21 goals in those matches.[67]
In May 2011, the EFF appointed formerZimbabwe andNamibia managerTom Saintfiet as coach in place of Iffy Onuora.[68] However, Tom Saintfiet left his job as Ethiopia's national soccer coach after just five months, citing "broken promises" as the reason for his departure.[69] Saintfiet had been in charge for three 2012 African Cup of Nations qualification matches, including a 2–2 draw withNigeria that contributed to the Super Eagles missing out on 2012 Africa Cup of Nations.[69]
In thequalification for the2013 Africa Cup of Nations, Ethiopia tied 1–1 with Benin after a goalless draw in the first leg at home to progress to the last round of qualification because of theaway goals rule.[70] In the last round of qualification, Ethiopia again won on the away goals rule after a 5–5 draw in aggregate score against Sudan.[71] This qualified Ethiopia to theAfrica Cup of Nations for the first time in 31 years.[72]
With a 5–0 aggregate victory overSomalia, Ethiopia joinedSouth Africa,Botswana andCentral African Republic (CAR) inGroup A.[73] Ethiopia drew 1–1 with South Africa away from home[74] and beatCAR at home 2–0[75] to top the group after the first two games. They beatBotswana twice, 1–0 on 22 March 2013 at home inAddis Ababa and 2–1 on 7 June inBotswana. However, the 7 June win was later awarded to Botswana by a score of 3–0 after it was discovered that Ethiopia fielded an ineligible player. Still, they beat South Africa 2–1 at home on 16 June and secured Ethiopian advancement to thethird round after beating CAR away in their final match, which was considered as a historic achievement for the country.[76] The team eventually was eliminated byNigeria with two defeats in the Third Round, though it remains as the best performance ever by Ethiopia in any World Cup qualification.[77]