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Ethiopia–France relations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bilateral relations
Ethiopian-France relations
Map indicating locations of Ethiopia and France

Ethiopia

France

Ethiopia–France relations are the international relations betweenEthiopia andFrance. BeforeWorld War II, France competed forinfluence over Ethiopia against theBritish and theItalians.[1]

Ethiopian Empire

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EmperorHaile Selassie and PresidentAlexandre Millerand

In 1883, the French arrived in modern-day Djibouti and established aprotectorate. The border between the French colony and Ethiopia would not be formalized until 1897.[2]

In 1902, EmperorMenelik II attended thecoronation of Edward VII as the king of theUnited Kingdom and during his travel stayed in Paris, France where the government welcomed him.[3]

On 13 December 1906, the British, French, and Italians signed aTripartite Treaty regarding economic activities in Ethiopia and also regulated the sale of weapons to the Ethiopians, which had before lacked any, with patrols in the Red Sea to enforce the weapon regulations. In 1920, the French attempted to have the weapons embargo lifted, but the Italians and British refused although the French would smuggle outdated weaponry throughFrench Somaliland.[4] In 1930, the three countries signed another treaty regulating the sale of military equipment to Ethiopia.[5]

In 1907, EmperorMenelik II gave France its largest embassy in the world with 106 acres. In 1917, a railroad was built between Djibouti and Addis Ababa.[6]

DuringWorld War I, the Ethiopian Empire remained neutral, but made attempts to side with theEntente Powers which were stopped by the Italians.[2] In 1918, French Prime MinisterGeorges Clemenceau asked Italian Prime MinisterVittorio Emanuele Orlando on Selassie's behalf over the acceptance of 2,000 Ethiopian soldiers to fight in the war, but Orlando rejected the offer.[2]

On 28 September 1923, Ethiopia was accepted into theLeague of Nations.[3] Prince RegentHaile Selassie toured Europe, including France, to thank them for his country's inclusion and to learn about ways to modernize Ethiopia.[7] On 16 April 1924, Selassie and thirty nine people left Addis Ababa by train and arrived in Marseilles, France on 14 May. Two days later he arrived in Paris where he was met by PresidentAlexandre Millerand and Prime MinisterRaymond Poincaré.[3] During his tour in France he watched military training exercises inVersailles and gave medals to two tank crew members.[8]

Modern Ethiopia

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In 2019, PresidentEmmanuel Macron visited Ethiopia after plans for the French to send100 million (ብር3,620,759,025.00) in economic aid to Ethiopia was made.[6]

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Anglo-Italian Division of Abyssinia Stirs Up France".Chicago Tribune. April 13, 1926. p. 16.Archived from the original on April 9, 2020 – viaNewspapers.com.
  2. ^abcZollmann, Jakob (January 1, 2018).Ethiopia, International Law and the First World War. Considerations of Neutrality and Foreign Policy by the European Powers, 1840-1919. Corne de l'Afrique contemporaine / Contemporary Horn of Africa. Centre français des études éthiopiennes.ISBN 9791036523786.
  3. ^abc"The Visit of Rās Tafari in Europe (1924): between Hopes of Independence and Colonial Realities". January 1, 2013.Archived from the original on April 14, 2020.
  4. ^Marcus, Harold G. (January 1, 1983). "The Embargo on Arms Sales to Ethiopia, 1916-1930".The International Journal of African Historical Studies.16 (2). Boston University African Studies Center: 264.doi:10.2307/217788.JSTOR 217788.
  5. ^"Traffic In Arms In Abyssinia".The Guardian. August 22, 1930. p. 6.Archived from the original on April 9, 2020 – viaNewspapers.com.
  6. ^ab"Ethiopia, France sign military, navy deal, turn 'new page' in ties". March 12, 2019.Archived from the original on April 9, 2020.
  7. ^"France Does Highest Honor To The Dusky King Of Abyssinia".The Ottawa Citizen. May 16, 1924. p. 1.Archived from the original on April 9, 2020 – viaNewspapers.com.
  8. ^"Regent of Abyssinia Visits Versailles".Hartford Courant. May 19, 1924. p. 4.Archived from the original on April 9, 2020 – viaNewspapers.com.

External links

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