Eskimology/ˌɛskɪˈmɒlədʒi/ orInuitology is a complex ofhumanities and sciencesstudying the languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and ethnology of the speakers ofEskimo–Aleut languages andInuit,Yupik andAleut (or Unangam), sometimes collectively known asEskimos, in historical and comparative context. This includes ethnic groups from theChukchi Peninsula on the far eastern tip ofSiberia inRussia, throughAlaska of the United States, Canada'sInuit Nunangat, including theInuvialuit Settlement Region,NunavutNunavik andNunatsiavut, throughNunatuKavut (but not theGulf of St. Lawrence area), toGreenland of Denmark.[1] Originally, an Eskimologist or Inuitologist was primarily alinguist orphilologist who researches Eskimo orInuit languages.
Eskimology traces its beginning to the pioneering work ofHans Egede (1745) and David Crantz (1767) in Greenland.[2] Eskimology has traditionally had a particular focus on Greenland studies owing to the long-standing relationship between Denmark and Greenland established in the early 18th century, and the academic discipline of Eskimology is today centered at theUniversity of Copenhagen.
The term "Eskimology" was not common until 1967, when a genuine department was established and officially named theDepartment of Eskimology. From the late 1960s, Eskimology changed its focus toward increasingly contemporary and global political issues.[1] In 2019, the department changed its name to Greenlandic and Arctic Studies Section (a section within theDepartment of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies). The Greenlandic and Arctic Studies Section offers full BA and MA programmes. In these programmes, the study of theGreenlandic language and the socio-cultural issues of Greenland /Arctic are central.
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