Escalona | |
|---|---|
| Escalona del Alberche | |
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 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Escalona Location of Escalona within Castilla-La Mancha Show map of Castilla-La Mancha Escalona Escalona (Spain) Show map of Spain | |
| Coordinates:40°10′15″N4°24′19″W / 40.17083°N 4.40528°W /40.17083; -4.40528 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Castilla-La Mancha |
| Province | Toledo |
| Comarca | Torrijos |
| Judicial district | Torrijos |
| Founded | Ver texto |
| Government | |
| • Alcalde | Álvaro Gutiérrez Prieto (2007) |
| Area | |
• Total | 73 km2 (28 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 550 m (1,800 ft) |
| Population (2024-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 3,801 |
| • Density | 52/km2 (130/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Escaloneros |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 45910 |
| Dialing code | 925 |
| Website | Official website |
Escalona is a municipality located in the north of the province ofToledo, which in turn is part of theautonomous community ofCastile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2017 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 3,240 inhabitants, many of whom live in the severalhousing estates outside the town itself.
The town lies 30 metres above the right bank of the riverAlberche, in thecomarca of Torrijos, which is a part of the historical region ofNew Castile.
Escalona's strategic location, on the Alberche river and between Avila and Toledo, suggests there may have been a fortress there in Roman times or during theVisigoth period. Following theconquest of Toledo (1085), byAlfonso VI of León and Castile, it was a key defensive point against raids by theAlmoravides andAlmohades that attacked the place in 1131, 1137 and, again, in 1196.[2]
TheMudéjar-styleCastle of Escalona, built in the 15th century,[2] is the most characteristic building of the town.
Historically, there was aJewish community in Esacalona, dating to before the Christian conquest in 1083, but remained in the town after it. The rights of the Jews in Escalona were established by the town's municipal charter, granting them equal status with Christians andMoors. AJewish quarter existed from 1477 to 1489; in 1483, the Muslimmosque was included in the Jewish quarter.Isaac Abarbanel had business interests in Escalona. The community continued to exist until the 1492expulsion of the Jews.[3]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 1,272 | — |
| 1910 | 1,553 | +22.1% |
| 1920 | 1,634 | +5.2% |
| 1930 | 1,758 | +7.6% |
| 1940 | 1,821 | +3.6% |
| 1950 | 1,806 | −0.8% |
| 1960 | 1,643 | −9.0% |
| 1970 | 1,429 | −13.0% |
| 1981 | 1,537 | +7.6% |
| 1991 | 1,763 | +14.7% |
| 2001 | 2,193 | +24.4% |
| 2011 | 3,540 | +61.4% |
| 2021 | 3,441 | −2.8% |
| 2023 | 3,669 | +6.6% |
| Source:INE[4][5] | ||
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