Subclass of annelid worms
Errantia is a diverse group ofmarine polychaete worms in the phylumAnnelida . Traditionally asubclass of theparaphyletic classPolychaeta ,[ 4] monophyletic group within the largerPleistoannelida , composed of Errantia andSedentaria .[ 2]
Thephylogeny ofpolychaetes is slowly being resolved. Errantia andSedentaria are the two biggestclades of polychaetes, and together they compose cladePleistoannelida .[ 5] Aciculata (Eunicida +Phyllodocida ) andProtodriliformia (small meiofaunal worms such as theProtodrilida ).[ 6] [ 3] [ 2]
Historically, the orderAmphinomida was part of this subclass. However,phylogenetic analyses placeAmphinomida inside a basal clade withSipunculida andLobatocerebrum sister group toPleistoannelida .[ 3]
Sometaxa , such asSpintheridae andMyzostomida , are still difficult to place due to their long branching, but they likely belong to either Errantia orSedentaria .[ 3]
Errantia is, along withSedentaria , one of the two old orders of theparaphyletic class "Polychaeta ". In 1977 the zoologist Kristian Fauchald split Errantia into three orders:Phyllodocida ,Amphinomida andEunicida , giving way to this classification.[ 7]
OrderAmphinomida – 2 families (Amphinomidae ,Euphrosinidae ) OrderEunicida OrderPhyllodocida SuborderPhyllodociformia – 4 families (Phyllodocidae ,Alciopidae ,Lopadorrhynchidae ,Pontodoridae ) SuborderAphroditiformia SuborderNereidiformia – 6 families (Hesionidae ,Pilargiidae ,Syllidae ,Calamyzidae ,Nereididae ,Antonbmunidae ) SuborderGlyceriformia – 3 families (Glyceridae ,Goniadidae ,Lacydoniidae ) Suborder incertae sedis – 5 families (Iospilidae ,Nephtyidae ,Sphaerodoridae ,Tomopteridae ,Typhloscolecidae ) ^ Yang, Xiaoyu; Aguado, M. Teresa; Helm, Conrad; Zhang, Zhiqian; Bleidorn, Christoph (April 2024)."New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early Cambrian" .Royal Society Open Science .11 (4).doi :10.1098/rsos.231580 .ISSN 2054-5703 .PMC 11004674 PMID 38601033 . ^a b c Struck TH (2019). "Phylogeny". In Purschke G, Böggemann M, Westheide W (eds.).Handbook of Zoology: Annelida . Vol. 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter. pp. 37– 68.doi :10.1515/9783110291582-002 .ISBN 9783110291469 ^a b c d Weigert A, Bleidorn C (2016). "Current status of annelid phylogeny".Org Divers Evol .16 (2):345– 362.doi :10.1007/s13127-016-0265-7 . ^ "Encyclopedia of Life" . Archived fromthe original on 2010-11-15. Retrieved2011-06-25 .^ Struck TH, Golombek A, Weigert A, Franke FA, Westheide W, Purschke G, Bleidorn C, Halanych KM (3 August 2015)."The evolution of annelids reveals two adaptive routes to the interstitial realm" .Curr Biol .25 (15):1993– 1999.Bibcode :2015CBio...25.1993S .doi :10.1016/j.cub.2015.06.007 PMID 26212885 . ^ Andrade, Sónia C.S.; Novo, Marta; Kawauchi, Gisele Y.; Worsaae, Katrine; Pleijel, Fredrik; Giribet, Gonzalo; Rouse, Greg W. (November 2015)."Articulating "Archiannelids": Phylogenomics and Annelid Relationships, with Emphasis on Meiofaunal Taxa" .Molecular Biology and Evolution .32 (11):2860– 2875.doi :10.1093/molbev/msv157 PMID 26205969 . ^ Fauchald, Kristian (3 February 1977),The polychaete worms, definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera (PDF) , Science Series, vol. 28, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, CA (USA), pp. 1– 188
