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Ernst Paul

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
German politician and journalist
Ernst Paul
Born27 April 1897
Steindorf (nowKamenec),Czechoslovakia
Died11 June 1978(1978-06-11) (aged 81)
Occupation(s)Politician, journalist

Ernst Paul (1897–1978) was aSudeten German Social Democratic politician and journalist.

Youth

[edit]

Paul was born on 27 April 1897 in Steindorf,Bohemia, the son of Anton Paul and Anna Paul (née Tampe).[1] His father was a weaver and the family lived in poverty.[1] He attendedvolksschule inRiegersdorf 1903–1908.[2] Between 1908 and 1911 he attendedbürgerschule inEulau.[2]

After leaving school, Paul worked as a typesetter apprentice 1911–1915.[2] Paul's mother died in 1912.[1] In the same year he joined the Young Workers League of Austria.[3] He became aSDAPÖ member in 1913.[2]

World War I

[edit]

DuringWorld War I he served as corporal in theAustro-Hungarian army.[1] He fought at theBattles of the Isonzo and on theEastern Front inGalicia,Bukovina andRomania.[1] He was awarded aMedal for Bravery.[2]

In Czechoslovakia

[edit]

After his military service, he became a member of theGerman Social Democratic Workers Party in the Czechoslovak Republic (DSAP).[3] He took part in founding of the Social Democratic Workers Youth League and served as chairman until 1920.[2] In 1920 he moved toTeplitz-Schönau.[2] Between 1920 and 1926 he served as chairman of the Socialist Youth League.[2][3][4] He took part in the founding of theSocialist Youth International, and served as a member of its bureau between 1923 and 1932.[2][4] In 1924 he moved toPrague.[2] Between 1925 and 1938 he served as editor of the Prague-based newspaperDer Sozialdemokrat ('The Social Democrat').[1][3] In 1930 he was named Educational Secretary of the party, later being named Central Secretary of DSAP.[3] He served as vice chairman of the German Popular Education Institute.[2] Moreover, Paul led the paramilitary wing of the party,Republikanische Bürgerwehr.[1]

Years in exile

[edit]

At the time of the signing of theMunich Agreement, Paul was visiting Sweden.[1] He stayed in Sweden in exile to avoid arrest back home.[1] Paul lived inStockholm from 1938 to 1948.[2] He functioned as the leader of Sudeten German exiles in Sweden.[3] 1941–1942 he went toLondon to negotiate with theCzechoslovak government-in-exile presidentEdvard Beneš on the future of the Sudeten Germans.[2] He took part in forming theInternational Group of Democratic Socialists in Stockholm in 1942.[1] His Czechoslovak citizenship was withdrawn in 1943 by the government-in-exile, rendering Paul stateless.[2]

In West Germany

[edit]

In 1948 Paul moved to theWest German town ofEsslingen am Neckar.[1][3] He served as editor-in-chief of the SPD organ inBaden Württemberg,Allgemeine Zeitung in Stuttgart/Mannheim, 1949–1951.[1][3][5] He was aBundestag member 1949–1969.[3][5] He was part of the West German delegation to theParliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 1956–1967.[3] Moreover, he was a delegate to theassembly of the Western European Union.[1]

Paul died on 11 June 1978 inGallspach,Austria.[1][3] He was buried in Esslingen am Neckar on 16 June 1978.[1][2]

References

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  1. ^abcdefghijklmnoDeutsche Biographie.Paul, Ernst
  2. ^abcdefghijklmnoBernd Ottnad; Fred Ludwig Sepaintner; Kommission für Geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg (2002).Baden-Württembergische Biographien.W. Kohlhammer. p. 295.ISBN 978-3-17-017332-3.
  3. ^abcdefghijkFriedrich Ebert Stiftung.Ernst Paul
  4. ^abFriedrich G. Kürbisch; Seliger-Archiv (1982).Chronik der sudetendeutschen Sozialdemokratie, 1863–1938. Die Brücke. pp. 69, 112.
  5. ^abAbgeordnete des Deutschen Bundestages. Harald Boldt Verlag. 1983. p. 143.ISBN 9783764618339.
President:Erich Köhler until 18 October 1950;Hermann Ehlers from 19 October 1950 (CDU)
CDU/CSU
CDU and CSU
Speaker:Konrad Adenauer until 21 September 1949;Heinrich von Brentano from 30 September 1949
SPD
SPD
Speaker:Kurt Schumacher until 20 August 1952;Erich Ollenhauer from 7 October 1952
FDP
FDP
Speaker:Theodor Heuss until 12 September 1949;Hermann Schäfer until 10 January 1951;August-Martin Euler until 6 May 1952; Hermann Schäfer from 6 May 1952
DP
DP
Speaker:Heinrich Hellwege until 2 November 1949;Friedrich Klinge until 21 December 1949;Hans Mühlenfeld until 15 March 1953;Hans-Joachim von Merkatz from 17 March 1953
BP
BP
Speaker:Gebhard Seelos until 25 September 1951;Hugo Decker from 25 September 1951
  • Members:
  • Aretin(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Aumer(from 8 September 1950 Non-attached)
  • Baumgartner(until 1 January 1951)
  • Besold(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Decker
  • Donhauser(from 8 September 1950 Non-attached, from 17 September 1952 CSU)
  • Eichner(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Etzel(from 14 December 1951 FU, from 3 December 1952 Non-attached (GVP))
  • Falkner(until 27 October 1950)
  • Fink(from 14 December 1951 FU, from 5 January 1952 CSU)
  • Fürstenberg(from 7 November 1950 Non-attached, from 19 January 1951 CSU)
  • Lampl(from 10 November 1950, from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Maerkl(from 1 September 1952)
  • Mayerhofer(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Meitinger(from 26 September 1951, from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Oettingen-Wallerstein(from 8 January 1951, from 14 December 1951 FU, until 1 September 1952)
  • Parzinger(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Rahn(from 14 January 1950, from 8 September 1950 Non-attached, from 17 October 1950 WAV-Gast, from 14 February 1951 CSU)
  • Seelos(until 25 September 1951)
  • Volkholz(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Wartner(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Ziegler(until 30 December 1949)
KPD
KPD
Speaker:Max Reimann
WAV
WAV
  • Members:
  • Bieganowski(from 21 March 1952, from 23 April 1952 DP/DPB, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached)
  • Fröhlich(from 13 October 1950 BHE/DG, from 21 March 1952 Non-attached)
  • Goetzendorff(from 29 March 1950 DRP-Gast, from 5 October 1950 Non-attached (DRP), from 29 April 1953 WAV)
  • Keller(from 24 April 1952, from 6 December 1951 DP, Non-attached)
  • Löfflad(from 6 December 1951 DP)
  • Loritz(from 6 December 1951 Non-attached, from 29 April 1953 WAV)
  • Paschek(from 29 March 1950 DRP-Gast, from 5 October 1950 Non-attached, from 30 January 1951 WAV, from 6 December 1951 DP, until 22 April 1952)
  • Reindl(from 6 December 1951 DP/DPB, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached, from 29 April 1953 WAV)
  • Schmidt(from 6 December 1951 DP/DPB, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached)
  • Schuster(from 6 December 1951 DP)
  • Tichi(from 13 October 1950 BHE/DG, from 21 March 1952 Non-attached)
  • Wallner(from 6 December 1951 DP/DPB, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached)
  • Weickert(from 13 October 1950 BHE/DG, until 16 March 1952)
  • Wittmann(from 6 December 1951 DP, from 9 May 1952 Non-attached, from 5 July 1952 CDU/CSU-Gast)
ZENTRUM
ZENTRUM
  • Members:
  • Amelunxen(until 7 October 1949)
  • Arnold(from 14 December 1951 FU, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached (GVP))
  • Bertram(from 3 November 1949, from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Determann(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Glasmeyer(from 23 November 1951 CDU)
  • Hamacher(until 29 July 1951)
  • Hoffmann(, from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Krause(until 18 October 1950)
  • Pannenbecker(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Reismann(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Ribbeheger(from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Wessel(from 14 December 1951 FU, from 13 November 1952 Non-attached (GVP))
  • Willenberg(from 26 October 1950, from 14 December 1951 FU)
DRP
DRP
  • Members:
  • Dorls(from 13 December 1950 WAV-Gast, from 17 January 1951 WAV, from 26 September 1951 Non-attached, am 23 October 1952 Mandatsaberkennung)
  • Frommhold(from 7 September 1949 Nationale Rechte, from 5 October 1950 Non-attached (DRP), from 26 March 1952 DP-Gast, from 11 February 1953 Non-attached)
  • Jaeger(from 29 February 1952)
  • Miessner(from 5 October 1950 FDP-Gast, from 20 December 1950 FDP)
  • Rößler(from 15 September 1949 Nationale Rechte, from 6 September 1950 Non-attached, from 13 December 1950 WAV-Gast, from 17 January 1951 WAV, from 26 September 1951 Non-attached, until 21 February 1952)
  • Thadden(from 15 September 1949 Nationale Rechte; 1950 DRP, from 20 April 1950 Non-attached)
OTHER
OTHER
  • Members:
  • Clausen(from 23 January 1952 FU-Gast, from 3 July 1953 Non-attached)
  • Edert(CDU/CSU-Gast)
  • Freudenberg(from 5 December 1952 Non-attached)
  • Ott(Non-attached, from 4 May 1950 WAV-Gast, from 13 October 1950 BHE/DG, from 21 March 1952 Non-attached, from 26 March 1952 DP/DPB-Gast, from 26 June 1952 Non-attached)
CDU/CSU
CDU and CSU
Speaker:Heinrich von Brentano until 7 June 1955;Heinrich Krone from 15 June 1955]]
  • CVP:
  • Ruland(from 4 January 1957, from 23 May 1957 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion)
  • Schneider(from 4 January 1957, Non-attached, from 23 May 1957 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion)
SPD
SPD
FDP
FDP
Speaker:Erich Mende
  • Members:
  • Atzenroth
  • Becker
  • Berg(from 27 June 1955, from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Blank(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Blücher(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Bucher
  • Dannemann(until 1 July 1955)
  • Dehler
  • Drechsel
  • Eberhard
  • Euler(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Fassbender(from 18 November 1955 DP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Friese-Korn
  • Frühwald
  • Gaul
  • Golitschek(from 18 April 1956)
  • Graaff(from 4 July 1955)
  • Hammer
  • Held(from 13 September 1954)
  • Henn(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Hepp(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Hoffmann
  • Hübner(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Hütter(from 29 September 1955)
  • Ilk
  • Jentzsch
  • Kühn
  • Lahr(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Lenz
  • Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg(from 6 June 1957 Non-attached, from 25 June 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Luchtenberg(from 18 September 1954, until 9 April 1956)
  • Lüders
  • Manteuffel(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Margulies
  • Mauk
  • Mayer(until 14 May 1956)
  • Mende
  • Middelhauve(until 10 September 1954)
  • Miessner
  • Neumayer(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Onnen
  • Pfleiderer(until 20 September 1955)
  • Preiß(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Preusker(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Rademacher
  • Reif
  • Schäfer(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Scheel
  • Schloß
  • Schneider(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Schwann
  • Stahl
  • Stammberger
  • Starke
  • Stegner(from 13 January 1954 Non-attached, from 6 February 1957 GB/BHE)
  • Weber(from 15 May 1956)
  • Wellhausen(from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 23 June 1956 CDU/CSU)
  • Weyer(until 17 September 1954)
  • Will
  • Wirths(until 16 June 1955)
  • DPS:
  • Schneider(from 4 January 1957, Guest of FDP-Fraktion)
  • Schwertner(from 4 January 1957, from 8 January 1957 Guest of FDP-Fraktion)
  • Wedel(from 4 January 1957, Non-attached, from 8 January 1957 Guest of FDP-Fraktion)
GB/BHE
GB/BHE
Speaker:Horst Haasler until 15 March 1955;Karl Mocker 15 March 1955 till 26 April 1956;Erwin Feller from 26 April 1956]]
  • Members:
  • Bender(from 12 July 1955 Non-attached, from 14 July 1955 Group Kraft/Oberländer, from 15 July 1955 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion, from 20 March 1956 CDU/CSU)
  • Czermak(from 14 July 1955 FDP)
  • Eckhardt(from 12 July 1955 Non-attached, from 14 July 1955 Group Kraft/Oberländer, from 15 July 1955 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion, from 20 March 1956 CDU/CSU)
  • Elsner
  • Engell
  • Feller
  • Fiedler(until 13 October 1953)
  • Finck(from 12 July 1955 Non-attached, from 14 July 1955 Group Kraft/Oberländer, from 15 July 1955 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion, from 20 March 1956 CDU/CSU)
  • Finselberger
  • Gemein
  • Gille
  • Haasler(from 12 July 1955 Non-attached, from 14 July 1955 Group Kraft/Oberländer, from 15 July 1955 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion, from 20 March 1956 CDU/CSU)
  • Keller
  • Klötzer
  • Körner(from 12 July 1955 Non-attached, from 14 July 1955 FDP, from 23 February 1956 Non-attached, from 15 March 1956 Demokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (DA), from 26 June 1956 FVP, from 14 March 1957 DP/FVP)
  • Kraft(from 12 July 1955 Non-attached, from 14 July 1955 Group Kraft/Oberländer, from 15 July 1955 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion, from 20 March 1956 CDU/CSU)
  • Kunz
  • Kutschera
  • Meyer-Ronnenberg(from 20 August 1954 CDU/CSU)
  • Mocker
  • Oberländer(from 12 July 1955 Non-attached, from 14 July 1955 Group Kraft/Oberländer, from 15 July 1955 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion, from 20 March 1956 CDU/CSU)
  • Petersen
  • Reichstein
  • Samwer(from 15 October 1953, from 12 July 1955 Non-attached, from 14 July 1955 Group Kraft/Oberländer, from 15 July 1955 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion, from 20 March 1956 CDU/CSU)
  • Seiboth
  • Sornik
  • Srock
  • Strosche
DP
DP
Speaker:Hans-Joachim von Merkatz until 11 September 1955;Ernst-Christoph Brühler from 11 September 1955]]
OTHER
Independent
  • Members:
  • Böhner(Non-attached, until 8 January 1954)
  • Brockmann(Non-attached)
  • Heix(from 23 September 1953 CDU/CSU)
  • Rösing(from 14 January 1954, Non-attached, from 25 June 1954 Guest of CDU/CSU-Fraktion, from 6 June 1955 CDU/CSU)
CDU/CSU
CDU and CSU
SPD
SPD
FDP
FDP
Speaker:Erich Mende
OTHER
Independent
CDU/CSU
CDU and CSU
Speaker:Heinrich von Brentano until 14 November 1964;Rainer Barzel from 1 December 1964
SPD
SPD
Speaker:Erich Ollenhauer until 14 December 1963;Fritz Erler from 3 March 1964
FDP
FDP
Speaker:Erich Mende until 17 October 1963;Knut von Kühlmann-Stumm from 5 November 1963
OTHER
Independent
President:Eugen Gerstenmaier (CDU) until 31 January 1969;Kai-Uwe von Hassel (CDU) from 5 February 1969
CDU/CSU
CDU and CSU
SPD
SPD
Speaker:Fritz Erler until 22 February 1967;Helmut Schmidt from 14 March 1967
FDP
FDP
Speaker:Knut von Kühlmann-Stumm until 23 January 1968;Wolfgang Mischnick from 23 January 1968
International
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