43°33′08″N5°26′21″E / 43.552222°N 5.4391666°E /43.552222; 5.4391666

Entremont is a 3.5-hectare (8.6-acre)archaeological site three kilometres fromAix-en-Provence at the extreme south of thePuyricard plateau.^[1] In antiquity, theoppidum at Entremont was the capital of theCeltic-Ligurian confederation ofSalyes. It was settled between 180 and 170 B.C., somewhat later than the inhabitation of other oppida, such asSaint-Blaise (7th to 2nd centuries B.C.).^[2][3][4] The site was abandoned when it was taken by the Romans in 123 B.C. and replaced byAquae Sextiae (modern Aix-en-Provence), a new Roman city founded at the foot of the plateau.^[5] By 90 B.C., the former oppidum was completely uninhabited.

The site contains two distinct areas of settlement surrounded by ramparts. ArchaeologistFernand Benoit named the older area, on the summit, "Ville Haute", and the lower "Ville Basse". Subsequently, it was recognised that the latter was an enlargement of the former, and they are now labelled "Habitat 1" and "Habitat 2", respectively.^[6]

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  Habitat 1 (ville haute)
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  Habitat 2 (ville basse)
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  Fortification wall of Habitat 2 (ville basse)
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  "Portico of the Skulls"

Excavations at Entremont in the 1940s produced a large collection of fragmentary pre-Roman sculpture, most of which is now in theMusée Granet in Aix-en-Provence. The largest group of fragments consists of the heads and torsos of several male figures, usually interpreted as heroized warriors, depicted in a seated position with their legs folded beneath them and one hand resting on the severed head of an enemy. Heads and other pieces of a smaller number of female figures are also preserved, as are fragments of horses. Blocks from the architectural setting in which the figures were displayed are decorated with reliefs of additional severed heads and skull-shaped recesses, as well as horsemen and other figures. The sculptures were all carved from a fine-grained local limestone, and some of the fragments preserve traces of the original paint.^[7]

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  Seated warrior
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  Head of a warrior
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  Torso of a warrior
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  Head of a woman
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  Severed heads
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  Severed head
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  Architectural block with severed heads and horseman
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  Relief of worshipers

• La Tène culture
• Oppidum

Wikimedia Commons has media related toOppidum d'Entremont.

• Populated places established in the 2nd century BC
• Populated places disestablished in the 2nd century BC
• Oppida
• Archaeological sites in France
• Buildings and structures in Aix-en-Provence
• Celtic art
• Salyes

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