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| Enterobacter cloacae | |
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| Enterobacter cloacae ontryptic soy agar | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Pseudomonadati |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Enterobacterales |
| Family: | Enterobacteriaceae |
| Genus: | Enterobacter |
| Species: | E. cloacae |
| Binomial name | |
| Enterobacter cloacae (Jordan 1890) Hormaeche and Edwards 1960 | |
| Subspecies | |
Aerobacter cloacae(Jordan 1890) Hormaeche and Edwards 1958 | |
Enterobacter cloacae is a clinically significantGram-negative,facultatively-anaerobic,rod-shapedbacterium.
In microbiology laboratories,E. cloacae is frequently grown at 30 °C onnutrient agar or at 35 °C intryptic soy broth.[1] It is a rod-shaped,Gram-negative bacterium, is facultativelyanaerobic, and bears peritrichousflagella. It isoxidase-negative andcatalase-positive.[2]
Enterobacter cloacae has been used in abioreactor-based method for thebiodegradation of explosives and in the biological control of plant diseases.[3]Enterobacter cloacae strain MBB8 isolated from the Gulf of Mannar, India was reported to degrade poly vinyl alcohol (PVA). This was the first report of a PVA degrader from the Enterobacter genus.[4]E. cloacae was also reported to produce exopolysaccharide (EPS) as high as 18.3g/L.[5] GC-MS analysis ofE. cloacae EPS showed the presence of glucose and mannose in the molar ratio of 1: 1.5e−2.[5]
Enterobacter cloacae subsp.cloacae strain PR-4 was isolated and identified by 16S rDNA gene sequence with phylogenetic tree view from explosive-laden soil by P. Ravikumar (GenBank accession number KP261383).[6]
E. cloacae SG208 identified as a predominant microorganism in mixed culture isolated from petrochemical sludge (IOCL, Guwahati) responsible for degradation of benzene was reported by Padhi and Gokhale (2016).[7]
Enterobacter cloacae is considered abiosafety level 1 organism in the United States and level 2 in Canada.[citation needed]
A draftgenome sequence ofEnterobacter cloacae subsp.cloacae was announced in 2012. The bacteria used in the study were isolated fromgiant panda feces.[8]
Enterobacter cloacae is a member of the normalgut flora of many humans and is not usually a primary pathogen.[9] Some strains have been associated with urinary tract and respiratory tract infections in immunocompromised individuals. It is a high riskAmpC producer and treatment withcefepime is recommended by the IDSA if causing disease rather than simply colonising.[10] Treatment using cefepime andgentamicin has been reported.[11]
A 2012 study in whichEnterobacter cloacae was transplanted into previously germ-free mice resulted in increased obesity when compared with germ-free mice fed an identical diet, suggesting a link between obesity and the presence ofEnterobacter gut flora.[12]
Authority control databases: National |
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