Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Enter the Dragon

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1973 film by Robert Clouse
For other uses, seeEnter the Dragon (disambiguation).

Enter the Dragon
Theatrical release poster byBob Peak
Traditional Chinese
Simplified Chinese龙争虎斗
Literal meaningDragon Fights, Tiger Struggles
Hanyu PinyinLóng Zhēng Hǔ Dòu
Wade–GilesLung2 Chêng1 Hu3 Tou4
Yale RomanizationLùhng Jāng Fú Dau
JyutpingLung4 Zang1 Fu2 Dau3
Directed byRobert Clouse
Written byMichael Allin[a]
Produced by
Starring
CinematographyGilbert Hubbs
Edited by
  • Kurt Hirschler
  • George Watters
  • Peter Cheung
Music byLalo Schifrin
Production
companies
Distributed by
Release dates
  • 26 July 1973 (1973-07-26) (Hong Kong)
  • 19 August 1973 (1973-08-19) (United States)
Running time
102 minutes[3]
Countries
  • Hong Kong
  • United States
Languages
  • English
  • Cantonese
Budget$850,000
Box office$400 million

Enter the Dragon (Chinese:龍爭虎鬥) is a 1973martial arts film directed byRobert Clouse and written by Michael Allin. The film starsBruce Lee,John Saxon,Ahna Capri,Bob Wall,Shih Kien, andJim Kelly.Enter the Dragon was Bruce Lee's final completed film appearance before his death on 20 July 1973 at the age of 32. An American-Hong Kong co-production, the film was premiered inLos Angeles on 19 August 1973, one month after Lee's death.

Enter the Dragon was estimated to have grossed over$400 million worldwide (equivalent to an estimated$2 billion adjusted for inflation as of 2022[update]) against a budget of $850,000. It is the most successful martial arts film ever and is widely regarded as one of thegreatest martial arts films of all time.[4] In 2004, it was selected for preservation in the United StatesNational Film Registry by theLibrary of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[5][6][7] Among the first films to combine martial arts action withspy film elements and the emergingblaxploitation genre, its success led to a series of similar productions combining the martial arts and blaxploitation genres.[8] The film's themes have generated scholarly debate about the changes taking place within post-colonial Asian societies following the end ofWorld War II.[9]

Enter the Dragon is also considered one of the most influentialaction films of all time, with its success contributing to mainstream worldwide interest in themartial arts as well as inspiring numerous fictional works, including action films,television shows,action games,comic books,manga, andanime.

Plot

[edit]

Lee, a martial artist and instructor from Shaolin temple,Hong Kong, is approached byBritish intelligence agent Braithwaite, who asks for his help in anundercover mission to investigate suspected crime lord Han, who was one of the students in Shaolin temple. Lee is persuaded to attend a high-profile martial arts tournament on Han's private island to gather evidence that will prove Han's involvement indrug trafficking andprostitution.

Since Han's island is only partly in their jurisdiction, they are unable to conduct any formal investigations. Han does not allow firearms on the island to prevent assassination attempts and raids from international authorities. He runs a martial arts school as cover for his illegal operations and holds the tournament to recruit martial artists to expand his illegal business. Lee agrees to help Braithwaite, believing his efforts will also redeem the honor of the Shaolin temple that was tarnished by Han. Shortly before his departure, Lee also learns that Han's bodyguard O'Hara is responsible for the death of his sister Su Lin.

Lee arrives on Han's island and receives a warm reception. Joining him are other competitors, including Roper, an American playboy andgambler, who is indebted and on the run from the mob, and Williams, an African-American activist, who is on the run after defending himself against two racist police officers inLos Angeles. Roper and Williams are formerKarate brothers and fellowVietnam veterans, who also have a betting scam going: one will underperform until the other can get a bet on the outcome at good odds. Roper and Williams win their first fights easily.

The rules of Han's tournament are simple: competitors compete in one-on-one matches against each other, the opponent, who gets knocked to the ground loses each round. Any weapons are strictly prohibited in the fighting arena. At the end of the first day, the competitors are all offered girls of their choice by Han's assistant Tania. Williams chooses several women, while Roper cunningly chooses Tania as a mutual attraction grows between them. Lee chooses a girl, which he saw in Han's entourage, who is Mei Ling, acovert agent whom Braithwaite had placed on the island to gather intelligence. However, Mei Ling has been unable to escape Han's strict observation never to leave their rooms.

That night, Lee begins to stealthily search and infiltrate the island for evidence and finds a secret entrance to an underground compound base where drugs are being manufactured and tested on unwitting prisoners. Lee runs into Han's guards, but manages to take them down and flee before they can identify him. Lee is seen by Williams, who is outside for some fresh air and practice, despite strict rules against being outside after night. The next morning, Han warns the competitors about wandering out of their rooms at night. Han punishes his guards for their inability to fulfill their duties by leaving them to be killed by Bolo, Han's musclebound enforcer and chief bodyguard. After the execution, the competition resumes as Lee is called to his first match, which is against O'Hara.

During the fight, Han warns O'Hara to step down as Lee keeps outclassing him in a humiliating fashion, even ignoring Han's commands to stand down after being fairly beaten. Lee kills O'Hara with a double stomp after he tries to attack him from behind with a pair of half-shattered glass bottles, thus avenging Su Lin's death. An embarrassed Han abruptly ends the day's competition after stating that O'Hara's treachery has disgraced them. Later, Han summons Williams in his office and accuses him of attacking the guards the previous night. Williams denies this and wants to leave the island, so Han brutally beats him to death with his ironprosthetic left hand.

Han takes Roper on a tour of his underground base and invites him to be his representative for his illegal operations in theUnited States. Han also implicitly threatens to imprison Roper with other martial artists who joined Han's tournaments in the past. Roper reluctantly accepts after Han drops the brutalized corpse of Williams into a pit of acid, hinting that Roper will face the same fate if he refuses to cooperate. The same night, Lee infiltrates the underground base again to gather sufficient evidence to warrant Han's arrest and manages to send a message to Braithwaite. After a prolonged battle with Han's guards, Lee is eventually lured into a door trap to get imprisoned and captured.

The next morning, Han commands Roper to fight Lee, but Roper refuses and Han has him fight Bolo. Roper manages to overpower and beat Bolo after a gruelling battle. Han orders all his men to kill Lee and Roper. Despite facing insurmountable odds, the island's prisoners, released by Mei Ling, and the other invited martial artists aid Lee and Roper in defeating Han's guards. Amid the chaos, Han attempts to fight his way out to escape, only to have Lee pursue and corner him in his museum, where Han retrieves a bladed-talon replacement for his hand to prepare for a brutal fight. Han retreats into a room full of mirrors, which proves disorientating for Lee until Lee remembers his lessons at the Shaolin Temple and smashes all the mirrors to spoil Han's illusions. Lee kicks Han, who gets impaled on his own spear that was halfway harpooned through a wall.

Lee returns to Roper and they exchange a wearythumbs-up as the military finally arrives to take control of the island.

Cast

[edit]

Production

[edit]

Development

[edit]

Due to the success of his earlier films,Warner Bros. began helping Bruce Lee with the film in 1972. They brought in producersFred Weintraub andPaul Heller.[16] The film was produced on a tight production budget of $850,000.[17] Fighting sequences were staged by Bruce Lee.[18]

The screenplay title was originally namedBlood and Steel.[19] Heller produced a treatment inspired by the comic stripTerry and the Pirates and hired screenwriter Michael Allin to develop it into a screenplay. Allin conceived of the film as an homage toJames Bond.[20] The story features heroic protagonists who are Asian, White, and Black, as the producers wanted a film that would appeal to the widest possible international audience.[21]

Pre-production

[edit]

Lee and Allin did not get along, and Weintraub told Lee that he would fire Allin but did not actually do so.[22] Lee perceived the film as a cheap B-movie that would serve as a transitional film to introduce his talents and style to Hollywood.[23] Lee's role was originally conceived as a straightforward Chinese version of James Bond. Lee rejected this because of Bond's status as a symbol ofBritish imperialism and convinced the producers to re-conceive of his character as aShaolin monk.[24] Lee insisted on re-titling the filmEnter the Dragon, to considerable resistance from the studio.[25]

The scene in which Lee states that his style is "Fighting Without Fighting" is based upon a famous anecdote involving the 16th centurysamuraiTsukahara Bokuden.[26][27]

All of the actors were hired at low wages.[28]Rod Taylor was first choice for playing the down-on-his-luck martial artist Roper. DirectorRobert Clouse had already worked with Taylor in the 1970 filmDarker than Amber. However, Taylor was dropped after Bruce Lee deemed him to be too tall for the role.[29][30]John Saxon, who was a black belt inJudo andShotokan Karate (he studied undergrandmasterHidetaka Nishiyama for three years),[31] became the preferred choice.[32] During contractual negotiations, Saxon's agent told the film's producers that if they wanted him they would have to change the plot so that the character of Williams is killed instead of Roper. They agreed and the script was changed.[33] In a six decade career, the character would become one of Saxon's best known roles.[34]

Rockne Tarkington was originally cast in the role of Williams. However, he unexpectedly dropped out days before the production was about to begin in Hong Kong. Producer Fred Weintraub knew that karate world championJim Kelly had a training dojo inCrenshaw, Los Angeles, so he hastily arranged a meeting. Weintraub was immediately impressed, and Kelly was cast in the film.[10] The success of Kelly's appearance launched his career as a star: afterEnter the Dragon, he signed a three-film deal withWarner Bros[35] and went on to make several martial arts-themedblaxploitation films in the 1970s.[36]

Filming

[edit]

Jackie Chan has uncredited roles as various guards during the fights with Lee. However,Yuen Wah was Lee's main stunt double for the film, responsible for the gymnastics stunts such as the cartwheels and jumping back flip in the opening fight.[37]

Sammo Hung also has an uncredited role in the opening fight scene against Lee at the start of the film.[38]

Lee originally wanted to castChuck Norris as Han's bodyguard, Oharra;Bob Wall was the second choice.[28] A rumour surrounding the making ofEnter The Dragon claims that Wall did not like Bruce Lee and that their fight scenes were not choreographed. However, Wall has denied this, stating he and Lee were good friends.[15] In one of their fight scenes, Lee injured his hand on a shattered bottle held by Wall, which angered Lee.[39]

The production hired prostitutes to play Han's harem. The visibility of their roles led the actresses to demand higher wages, which then led the stuntmen to consider striking, because they were paid less.[40]

The film was shot on location in Hong Kong. In keeping with local film-making practices, scenes werefilmed without sound: dialogue and sound effects were added or dubbed in duringpost-production. Bruce Lee, after he had been goaded or challenged, fought several real fights with the film'sextras and some set intruders during filming.[41] The scenes on Han's Island were filmed at a residence known as Palm Villa near the coastal town ofStanley.[42] The villa is now demolished and the area heavily redeveloped aroundTai Tam Bay where the martial artists were filmed coming ashore.[43][44]

Soundtrack

[edit]
Further information:Enter the Dragon (soundtrack)

Argentinian musicianLalo Schifrin composed the film's musical score. While Schifrin was widely known at the time for his jazz scores, he also incorporated funk and traditional film score elements into the film's soundtrack.[45] He composed the score by sampling sounds from China,Korea, and Japan. The soundtrack has sold over 500,000 copies, earning agold record.[8]

Release

[edit]

Theatrical

[edit]

Studio executives were impressed by the quality of the film and the earlier surprise success ofFive Fingers of Death, which demonstrated a market for kung fu films.Enter the Dragon was heavily advertised in the United States before its release. The budget for advertising was overUS$1 million. It was unlike any promotional campaign that had been seen before, and was extremely comprehensive. To advertise the film, the studio offered freeKarate classes, produced thousands of illustrated flip books, comic books, posters, photographs, and organised dozens of news releases, interviews, and public appearances for the stars.Esquire,The Wall Street Journal,Time, andNewsweek all wrote stories on the film.[46]

Enter the Dragon was one of the most successfulfilms of 1973.[46] Upon release in Hong Kong, the film grossedHK$3,307,536,[47] which was huge business for the time, but less than Lee's previous 1972 filmsFist of Fury andThe Way of the Dragon.

InNorth America, the film was receiving offers ofUS$500,000 (equivalent to $3,500,000 in 2024) from American distributors by April 1973 for the distribution rights, several months before release.[48] Upon its limited release in August 1973 in four theatres in New York, the film entered the weekly box office charts at number 17 with a gross of$140,010 (equivalent to $990,000 in 2024) in 3 days.[49][50] Upon its expansion the following week, it topped the charts for two weeks.[51] Over the next four weeks, it remained in the top 10 while competing with otherkung fu films, includingLady Kung Fu,The Shanghai Killers andDeadly China Doll which held the top spot for one week each.[52]

In October,Enter the Dragon regained the top spot in its eighth week.[52] It sold14.1 million tickets[53] and grossed$25,000,000 (equivalent to $180,000,000 in 2024) from its initial US release, making it the year's fourth highest-grossing film in the market.[54] It was repeatedly re-released throughout the 1970s, with each re-release entering the top five in the box office charts.[55] The film's US gross had increased to$100 million by 1982,[56][57] and more than$120 million (equivalent to $720 million adjusted for inflation) by 1998.[58]

In Europe, the film initially monopolised severalLondon West End cinemas for five weeks, before becoming a sellout success across Britain and the rest of Europe.[59] In England, it grossed over $2.5 million.[60] In Spain, it was the seventh top-grossing film of 1973,[61] selling 2,462,489 tickets.[62] In France, it was one of the top fivehighest-grossing films of 1974 (above two other Lee films,The Way of the Dragon atnumber 8 andFist of Fury atnumber 12), with 4,444,582 ticket sales.[63] In Germany, it was one of the top 10 highest-grossing films of 1974, with1.7 million ticket sales.[64] In Greece, the film earned$1,000,000 (equivalent to $7,100,000 in 2024) in its first year of release.[65]

In Japan, it was the second highest-grossing film of 1974 withdistributor rental earnings of¥1,642,000,000 (equivalent to ¥3,445,000,000 in 2019).[66] It was the highest-grossing film of all time in the Philippines.[60] In South Korea, the film sold 229,681 tickets in the capital city ofSeoul.[67] In India, the movie was released in 1975 and opened to full houses; in oneBombay theatre, New Excelsior, it had a packed 32-week run.[68] The film was also a success inIran, where there was a theatre which played it daily up until the 1979Iranian Revolution.[55]

Against a tight budget of $850,000,[17] the film grossedUS$100,000,000 (equivalent to $710,000,000 in 2024) upon its initial 1973 worldwide release,[69][70][71] making it one of the world'shighest-grossing films of all time up until then.[70] The film went on to have multiple re-releases around the world over the next several decades, significantly increasing its worldwide gross.[17] The film went on to gross over$220 million internationally by 1981, making it the highest-grossing martial arts film of all time.[72] It was reportedly still among thetop 50 all-time highest-grossing films in 1990.[73]

By 1998, it had grossed more than$300 million worldwide.[74] As of 2001[update], it has grossed an estimated total of over$400 million worldwide,[75] having earned more than 400 times its original budget.[17] The film's cost-to-profit ratio makes it one of the most commercially successful and profitable films of all time.[59][76]Adjusted for inflation, the film's worldwide gross is estimated to be the equivalent of around$2 billion as of 2022[update].[77][78]

Home media

[edit]

Enter the Dragon has remained one of the most popular martial arts films since its premiere and has been released numerous times worldwide on multiple home video formats. For almost three decades, many theatrical and home video versions were censored for violence, especially in the West. In the UK alone, at least four different versions have been released. Since 2001, the film has been released uncut in the UK and most other territories.[79][80][81] Most DVDs andBlu-rays come with a wide range of extra features in the form of documentaries, interviews, etc. In 2013, a second, remastered HD transfer appeared on Blu-ray, billed as the "40th Anniversary Edition".[82][83]

In 2020, new 2K digital restorations of the theatrical cut and special edition were included as part of theBruce Lee: His Greatest Hits box set byThe Criterion Collection (under licensed fromWarner Bros. Home Entertainment through the physical home media joint venture in US and Canada namedStudio Distribution Services andFortune Star Media Limited), which featured all of Lee's films, as well asGame of Death II.[84]

Reception

[edit]

Upon release, the film was initially received mixed reviews from several critics,[52] including a favourable review fromVariety magazine.[85] The film eventually went on to be well received by most critics, and it is widely regarded as one of the best films of 1973.[86][87][88] Critics have referred toEnter the Dragon as "a low-rentJames Bond thriller",[89][90] a "remake ofDr. No" with elements ofFu Manchu.[91] J.C. Maçek III ofPopMatters wrote, "Of course the real showcase here is the obvious star here, Bruce Lee, whose performance as an actor and a fighter are the most enhanced by the perfect sound and video transfer. While Kelly was a famous martial artist and a surprisingly good actor and Saxon was a famous actor and a surprisingly good martial artist, Lee proves to be a master of both fields."[92]

Many acclaimed newspapers and magazines reviewed the film.Variety described it as "rich in the atmosphere", the music score as "a strong asset" and the photography as "interesting".[93]The New York Times gave the film a rave review: "The picture is expertly made and well-meshed; it moves like lightning and brims with color. It is also the most savagely murderous and numbing hand-hacker (not a gun in it) you will ever see anywhere."[94]

The film holds an 88% approval rating on the review aggregation websiteRotten Tomatoes based on 78 reviews, with an average rating of 7.80/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Badass to the max,Enter the Dragon is the ultimate kung-fu movie and fitting (if untimely) Bruce Lee swan song."[95] OnMetacritic, it has a weighted average score of 83 out of 100 based on reviews from 16 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[96] In 2004, the film was deemed "culturally significant" by theLibrary of Congress and selected for preservation in theNational Film Registry.[97]

Enter the Dragon was selected as the bestmartial arts film of all time, in a 2013 poll ofThe Guardian andThe Observer critics.[4] The film also ranks No. 474 onEmpire magazine's 2008 list ofThe 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.[98]

Enter the Dragon has beenparodied and referenced in places such as the 1976 filmThe Pink Panther Strikes Again, the satirical publicationThe Onion, the Japanese game-showTakeshi's Castle, and the 1977John Landis comedy anthology filmThe Kentucky Fried Movie (in its lengthy "A Fistful of Yen" sequence, basically a comedic, note for note remake ofDragon) and also in the filmBalls of Fury.[99] It was also parodied on television inThat '70s Show during the episodeJackie Moves On with regular characterFez taking on the Bruce Lee role. Several clips from the film are comically used during the theatre scene inThe Last Dragon. Lee's martial arts films were broadly lampooned in the recurringAlmost Live! sketchMind Your Manners withBilly Quan.Ram Gopal Varma directed the martial-arts filmLadki: Dragon Girl after being heavily inspired by the film.

In August 2007, the now-defunctWarner Independent Pictures announced that television producerKurt Sutter would be remaking the film as anoir-style thriller entitledAwaken the Dragon with Korean singer-actorRain.[100][101][102] It was announced in September 2014 thatSpike Lee would work on the remake. In March 2015,Brett Ratner revealed that he wanted to make the remake.[103][104] In July 2018,David Leitch was in early talks to direct the remake.[105] As of 2024, there are no further updates on this project.

Enter the Dragon has been cited as one of the most influentialaction films of all time. Sascha Matuszak ofVice called it the most influentialkung fu film and said it "is referenced in all manner of media, the plot line and characters continue to influence storytellers today and the impact was particularly felt in the revolutionizing way the film portrayedAfrican-Americans,Asians and traditional martial arts."[106] Joel Stice ofUproxx called it "arguably the most influential kung fu movie of all time."[107] Kuan-Hsing Chen and Beng Huat Chua cited itsfight scenes as influential as well as its "hybrid form and its mode of address" which pitches "an elemental story of good against evil in such a spectacle-saturated way."[108]Quentin Tarantino citedEnter the Dragon as a formative influence on his career.[109]

According to Scott Mendelson ofForbes,Enter the Dragon containsspy film elements similar to theJames Bond film series.Enter the Dragon was the most successful action-spy film to not be part of theJames Bond film series;Enter the Dragon had an initial global box office comparable to theJames Bond films of that era, and a lifetime gross surpassing everyJames Bond film up untilGoldenEye. Mendelson argues that, had Bruce Lee lived afterEnter the Dragon was released, the film had the potential to launch an action-spy film franchise starring Bruce Lee that could have rivalled the success of theJames Bond franchise.[110]

The film had an impact onMMA. In the opening fight sequence, where Lee fightsSammo Hung, Lee demonstrated elements of what would later become known as MMA. Both fighters wore what would later become commonMMA clothing items, includingkempo gloves and small shorts, and the fight ends with Lee utilising anarmbar (then used injudo andjiu-jitsu) tosubmit Hung. According toUFC Hall of Fame fighterUrijah Faber, "that was the moment" that MMA was born.[111][112]

TheDragon Ballmanga andanime franchise, debuted in 1984, was inspired byEnter the Dragon, whichDragon Ball creatorAkira Toriyama was a fan of.[113][114] The titleDragon Ball was also inspired byEnter the Dragon and the piercing eyes ofGoku's Super Saiyan transformation was based on Bruce Lee's paralysing glare.[113][115]

Enter the Dragon inspired earlybeat 'em up brawler games. It was cited by game designerYoshihisa Kishimoto as a key inspiration behindTechnōs Japan's brawlerNekketsu Kōha Kunio-kun, released asRenegade in the West.[116][117] Its spiritual successorDouble Dragon also drew inspiration fromEnter the Dragon, with the game's title being a homage to the film.[116]Double Dragon also features two enemies named Roper and Williams, a reference to the two characters Roper and Williams fromEnter the Dragon. The sequelDouble Dragon II: The Revenge includes opponents named Bolo and Oharra.

Enter the Dragon was the foundation forfighting games.[118][119] The film's tournament plot inspired numerous fighting games, such as theTekken series, for example.[120] TheStreet Fighter video game franchise, debuted in 1987, was inspired byEnter the Dragon, with the gameplay centered around an international fighting tournament, and each character having a unique combination of ethnicity, nationality and fighting style.Street Fighter went on to set the template for all fighting games that followed.[121] The little-known 1985 Nintendo arcade gameArm Wrestling contains voice leftovers from the film, as well as their original counterparts. The popular fighting gameMortal Kombat borrows multiple plot elements fromEnter the Dragon as does itsmovie adaptation.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Lee rewrote a significant portion of Allin's script without receiving an onscreen credit.[1]
  2. ^Yuen Wah also a stuntman and doubling for Bruce Lee in acrobatics.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Audrey Cleo Yap (5 October 2020)."Bruce Lee's Daughter Shannon Recalls His Struggle to Make 'Enter the Dragon' in New Book Excerpt (EXCLUSIVE)".Variety.Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved8 October 2020.
  2. ^"Enter the Dragon".AFI Catalog of Feature Films.Archived from the original on 4 November 2023. Retrieved12 August 2023.|
  3. ^"Enter the Dragon".British Board of Film Classification. Archived fromthe original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved17 July 2020.
  4. ^ab"Top 10 martial arts movies".The Guardian. 6 December 2013.Archived from the original on 28 May 2020. Retrieved7 June 2020.
  5. ^FLANIGAN, b. p. (1 January 1974). "KUNG FU KRAZY: or The Invasion of the 'Chop Suey Easterns'".Cinéaste.6 (3):8–11.JSTOR 42683410.
  6. ^"Librarian of Congress Adds 25 Films to National Film Registry".Library of Congress.Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved28 April 2020.
  7. ^"Complete National Film Registry Listing".Library of Congress.Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved15 June 2020.
  8. ^abFu, Poshek."UI Press | Edited by Poshek Fu | China Forever: The Shaw Brothers and Diasporic Cinema".www.press.uillinois.edu.Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved10 May 2016.
  9. ^Kato, M. T. (1 January 2005). "Burning Asia: Bruce Lee's Kinetic Narrative of Decolonization".Modern Chinese Literature and Culture.17 (1):62–99.JSTOR 41490933.
  10. ^abHorn, John (1 July 2013),"Jim Kelly, 'Enter the Dragon' star, dies at 67",Los Angeles Times,archived from the original on 22 April 2014, retrieved19 August 2015
  11. ^Ryfle, Steve (10 January 2010)."DVD set is devoted to '70s martial arts star Jim Kelly".Los Angeles Times. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved28 January 2011.
  12. ^Cater, Dave."Car Accident Claims Ahna Capri".Inside Kung Fu. Archived fromthe original on 11 March 2011. Retrieved10 January 2011.
  13. ^"Lee's Dragon co-star dies at 96".BBC. 5 June 2009.Archived from the original on 8 June 2009. Retrieved31 January 2011.
  14. ^"Bob Wall Interview: "Pulling No Punches"".Black Belt. Archived fromthe original on 20 December 2010. Retrieved2 December 2010.
  15. ^abBona, JJ (10 January 2011)."Bob Wall Interview".Cityonfire. cityonfire.com.Archived from the original on 22 March 2018. Retrieved22 March 2018.
  16. ^Kim, Hyung-chan (1999).Distinguished Asian Americans: A Biographical Dictionary. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 179.ISBN 9780313289026.
  17. ^abcdPolly, Matthew (2019).Bruce Lee: A Life.Simon and Schuster. p. 478.ISBN 978-1-5011-8763-6.Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved8 June 2020.Enter the Dragon struck a responsive chord across the globe. Made for a minuscule $850,000, it would gross $90 million worldwide in 1973 and go on to earn an estimated $350 million over the next forty-five years.
  18. ^Enter the dragon.OCLC 39222462.
  19. ^Polly 2018, p. 404. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  20. ^Polly 2018, p. 405. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  21. ^Locke, Brian (2009).Racial Stigma on the Hollywood Screen from World War II to the Present: The Orientalist Buddy Film. Springer. p. 71.ISBN 9780230101678.
  22. ^Polly 2018, pp. 407–408. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  23. ^Polly 2018, p. 411. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  24. ^Polly 2018, pp. 412–413. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  25. ^Polly 2018, pp. 420–421. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  26. ^Brockett, Kip (12 August 2007)."Bruce Lee Said What? 'Finding the Truth in Bruce Lee's Writings'".Martialdirect.com. Archived fromthe original on 25 July 2017.
  27. ^"Bully Busters Art of Fighting without Fighting".Nineblue.com. 12 August 2007. Archived fromthe original on 11 January 2008.
  28. ^abPolly 2018, p. 409. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  29. ^"John Saxon, 'Enter the Dragon' Star, Dies At 83".www.wingchunnews.ca. 26 July 2020. Archived fromthe original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved5 January 2022.
  30. ^"City On Fire (audio commentatary)".Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved5 January 2022.
  31. ^"New Bruce Lee Film on its way to American movie theatres".Black Belt magazine.11 (4):11–12. April 1973.Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved28 September 2020.
  32. ^"Black Belt".Active Interest Media. 1 August 1973.Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved3 January 2018 – via Google Books.
  33. ^Walker, David, Andrew J. Rausch, Chris Watson (2009).Reflections on Blaxploitation: Actors and Directors Speak. Scarecrow Press. p. 112.ISBN 9780810867062.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  34. ^"John Saxon, best known for his roles in Enter the Dragon, A Nightmare on Elm Street, dies at 83". www.firstpost.com. 27 July 2020.Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved5 January 2022.
  35. ^Clary, David (May 1992).Black Belt Magazine. Active Interest Media, Inc. pp. 18–21.Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved10 November 2020.
  36. ^Reflections on Blaxploitation: Actors and Directors Speak, 2009. pps.129–130Archived 7 October 2018 at theWayback Machine
  37. ^Boutwell, Malcolm (7 July 2015)."Those Amazing Bruce Lee Film Stunts".ringtalk.com. Archived fromthe original on 30 November 2015. Retrieved29 September 2016.
  38. ^"Bruce Lee Movies: Enter the Dragon, Seen Through the Eyes of a Martial Arts Movies Expert".Black Belt Magazine. 13 May 2013.Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved17 January 2021.
  39. ^Polly 2018, p. 417. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  40. ^Polly 2018, p. 418. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPolly2018 (help)
  41. ^Thomas, Bruce (2008).Bruce Lee: Fighting Spirit. Pan Macmillan. p. 300.ISBN 9780283070662.
  42. ^"Enter the Dragon Movie Shooting Locations". filmapia.com.Archived from the original on 25 March 2018. Retrieved24 March 2018.
  43. ^"Google Maps".Google Maps.Archived from the original on 5 March 2024. Retrieved5 January 2022.
  44. ^"Enter The Dragon / 龍爭虎鬥 (1973 / Dir: Robert Clouse)".www.hkcinemagic.com. 18 September 2011.Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved5 January 2022.
  45. ^Guarisco, Donald."Lalo Schifrin: Enter the Dragon [Music from the Motion Picture] – Review".All Music Guide.Archived from the original on 26 July 2012. Retrieved17 November 2012.
  46. ^abPeirano, Pierre-François (22 April 2013)."The Multiple Facets of Enter the Dragon (Robert Clouse, 1973)".InMedia. The French Journal of Media and Media Representations in the English-Speaking World (3).doi:10.4000/inmedia.613.ISSN 2259-4728.Archived from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved10 May 2016.
  47. ^"Enter The Dragon (1973)".IMDb.Archived from the original on 5 January 2017. Retrieved8 June 2015.
  48. ^Lewis, Dan (22 April 1973)."Newest Movie Craze: Chinese Agents".Lima News. p. 30.Archived from the original on 15 April 2022. Retrieved15 April 2022 – viaNewspaperArchive.Warner Brothers has just released one called "The Five Fingers of Death" and, with Fred Weintraub as producer, is now involved in the first American-Chinese production of a martial-science picture, a film that stars Bruce (Kato) Lee (...) "Enter the Dragon," is budgeted at$1 million. The first two pictures grossed more than$5 million in Southeast Asia alone, according to Weintraub. He also said American distributors are offering as much as $500,000 in advance for distribution rights.
  49. ^"50 Top-Grossing Films".Variety. 29 August 1973. p. 9.
  50. ^"3 Days, 4 Sites, 'Dragon', $140,010".Variety. 22 August 1973. p. 8.
  51. ^"50 Top-Grossing Films".Variety. 12 September 1973. p. 13.
  52. ^abcDesser, David (2002)."The Kung Fu Craze: Hong Kong Cinema's First American Reception". In Fu, Poshek; Desser, David (eds.).The Cinema of Hong Kong: History, Arts, Identity.Cambridge University Press. pp. 19–43 (34).ISBN 978-0-521-77602-8.Archived from the original on 21 June 2020. Retrieved9 June 2020.
  53. ^"«Выход Дракона» (Enter the Dragon, 1973) - Dates".Kinopoisk (in Russian).Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved7 April 2022.
  54. ^Eliot, Marc (2011).Steve McQueen: A Biography.Aurum Press. pp. 237, 242.ISBN 978-1-84513-744-1.Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved10 June 2020.Papillon earned nearly $55 million in its initial domestic release, making it the third-highest-grossing film of the year. (...) Robert Clouse'sEnter the Dragon, starring the late Bruce Lee, came in fourth, with $25 million.
  55. ^abPolly, Matthew (2019).Bruce Lee: A Life.Simon and Schuster. p. 479.ISBN 978-1-5011-8763-6.Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved8 June 2020.
  56. ^Lent, John A. (1990).The Asian Film Industry. Helm. p. 100.ISBN 978-0-7470-2000-4.Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved8 June 2020.The Lee film,Enter the Dragon, was made with Warner; it grossed US $100 million in the United States alone (Sun 1982: 40).
  57. ^Mennel, Barbara (2008).Cities and Cinema.Routledge. p. 87.ISBN 978-1-134-21984-1.Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved8 June 2020.Golden Harvest took on Bruce Lee and began co-producing with Hollywood companies, leading to its kung-fu action films, including the Bruce Lee vehicleEnter the Dragon (dir. Robert Clouse, 1973), which "grossed US $100 million in the United States alone" (Lent 100; also Sun 1982:40).
  58. ^Gaul, Lou (20 July 1998)."Actor Bruce Lee's life celebrated in special video edition".Doylestown Intelligencer. p. 28.Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved15 April 2022 – viaNewspaperArchive.The $550,000 picture – a modest budget even by 1973 standards – has grossed more than$120 million during its initial run and re-release engagements in America and has never aired on network television.
  59. ^abThomas, Bruce (1994).Bruce Lee, Fighting Spirit: A Biography.Berkeley, California: Frog Books. p. 247.ISBN 9781883319250.A month after Bruce's death,Enter the Dragon was released. During its first seven weeks in the United States it grossed$3 million. In London it monopolized three West End cinemas for five weeks before becoming a sellout throughout Britain and the rest of Europe. The film went on to gross over$200 million, the ratio of cost to profit making it perhaps the most commercially successful film ever made.
  60. ^ab"'Dragon' Pulling Big Foreign Coin For WB".Daily Variety. 16 April 1974. p. 1.
  61. ^Soyer, Renaud (22 April 2014)."Box Office International 1973".Box Office Story (in French).Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved30 June 2020.
  62. ^Soyer, Renaud (28 January 2013)."Bruce Lee Box Office".Box Office Story (in French).Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved30 June 2020.
  63. ^"Charts – LES ENTREES EN FRANCE".JP's Box-Office (in French). 1974.Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved27 November 2018.
  64. ^"Charts – LES ENTREES EN ALLEMAGNE".JP's Box-Office (in French). 1974.Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved27 November 2018.
  65. ^Tan, George (November 1990)."Behind The Scenes With Bruce Lee: An Inside Look at "The Dragon's" Films".Black Belt. Vol. 28, no. 11.Active Interest Media. pp. 24–29 (29).Archived from the original on 12 June 2020. Retrieved8 June 2020.
  66. ^"キネマ旬報ベスト・テン85回全史 1924–2011".Kinema Junpo (in Japanese). 2012. p. 322.
  67. ^"영화정보".KOFIC.Korean Film Council.Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved26 August 2019.
  68. ^Mohamed, Khalid (15 September 1979)."Bruce Lee storms Bombay once again with Return of the Dragon".India Today.Archived from the original on 16 July 2018. Retrieved20 January 2015.
  69. ^Gross, Edward (1990).Bruce Lee: Fists of Fury. Pioneer Books. p. 137.ISBN 9781556982330.Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved8 June 2020.In 1973, his third (sic) Enter the Dragon, grossed $100 million world-wide and firmly established young Lee as an international star whose films were almost guaranteed to be successful.
  70. ^abWaugh, Darin, ed. (1978)."British Newspaper Clippings – Showtalk: The King Lives".Bruce Lee Eve: The Robert Blakeman Bruce Lee Memorabilia Collection Logbook, and Associates of Bruce Lee Eve Newsletters. Kiazen Publications.ISBN 978-1-4583-1893-0.Archived from the original on 23 June 2020. Retrieved10 June 2020.Lee first found success in The Big Boss and followed that with Fist of Fury and Enter the Dragon which grossed an outstanding 100,000,000 dollars and firmly established itself as one of the world's all-time top films in commercial terms. Lee went on to top this with The Way of the Dragon and the cameras had barely stopped rolling when he began what was to be his final film Game of Death. (...) Now director Robert Clouse has completed Game of Death.
  71. ^Hoffmann, Frank W.; Bailey, William G.; Ramirez, Beulah B. (1990).Arts & Entertainment Fads.Psychology Press. p. 210.ISBN 978-0-86656-881-4.Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved10 June 2020.American moviemakers already knew the potential of the martial arts film; in 1973 "Enter the Dragon," starring Bruce Lee, earned Fred Weintraub and Raymond Chow $100,000,000 worldwide. Of that amount $11,000,000 came from U.S. sales, indicating the market was really overseas.
  72. ^Hamberger, Mitchell G. (1 December 1981)."Bruce Lee remembered".York Daily Record. p. 6.Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved16 April 2022 – viaNewspapers.com.His biggest and best filmEnter the Dragon, grossed over$220 million internationally. That's more than any martial arts film has ever grossed.
  73. ^"The Turtles Take Hollywood".Asiaweek.16. Asiaweek Limited. May 1990.Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved10 June 2020.Lee's 1973 film Enter the Dragon is said to be one of the 50 top-grossing films of all time.
  74. ^"Immortal Kombat".Vibe.6 (8).Vibe Media Group: 90–94 (94). August 1998.ISSN 1070-4701.Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved8 June 2020.Bruce's own production company, Concord, was a full partner with Warner Bros, in his final, and greatest film,Enter the Dragon. Made for just $600,000, it has since grossed more than $300 million.
  75. ^Wilson, Wayne (2001).Bruce Lee. Mitchell Lane Publishers. pp. 30–1.ISBN 978-1-58415-066-4.After its release,Enter the Dragon became Warner Brothers' highest grossing movie of 1973. It has earned well over $400 million
  76. ^Bishop, James (1999).Remembering Bruce: The Enduring Legend of the Martial Arts Superstar. Cyclone Books. p. 46.ISBN 978-1-890723-21-7.Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved7 June 2020.Three weeks after Bruce Lee died Enter the Dragon was released in the United States and became an instant hit. The movie, made for around $800,000, made$3 million in its first seven weeks. Its success spread to Europe and then worldwide. It would eventually make over$200 million, making it one of the most profitable movies of all time.
  77. ^Risen, Clay (11 February 2022)."Bob Wall, Martial Arts Master Who Sparred With Bruce Lee, Dies at 82".The New York Times.Archived from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved16 April 2022.
  78. ^Chachowski, Richard (21 March 2022)."The Best Kung Fu Movies Of All Time Ranked".Looper.com.Static Media.Archived from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved16 April 2022.
  79. ^"BBFC Case Studies: Enter the Dragon (1973)".bbfc.co.uk. British Board of Film Classification. Archived fromthe original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved15 December 2018.
  80. ^"Enter the Dragon: Bruce Lee vs the BBFC".Melonfarmers.co.uk. MelonFarmers.Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved15 December 2018.
  81. ^Cutting Edge: Episode 46 - Enter The Dragon.Archived from the original on 8 January 2020. Retrieved12 August 2020.
  82. ^"Enter the Dragon (1973) DVD comparison". DVDCompare.Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved15 December 2018.
  83. ^"Enter the Dragon (1973) Blu-ray comparison". DVDCompare.Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved15 December 2018.
  84. ^Lattanzio, Ryan (13 April 2020)."Bruce Lee Will Make His Criterion Collection Debut This Summer with Greatest Hits Set".IndieWire.Archived from the original on 16 May 2020. Retrieved17 July 2020.
  85. ^Variety Staff (31 July 1973)."Review: 'Enter the Dragon'".Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved11 December 2017.
  86. ^"The Greatest Films of 1973".AMCFilmsite.org.Archived from the original on 10 February 2011. Retrieved21 May 2010.
  87. ^"The Best Movies of 1973 by Rank". Films101.com.Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved21 May 2010.
  88. ^"Most Popular Feature Films Released in 1973".IMDb.Archived from the original on 1 May 2010. Retrieved22 May 2010.
  89. ^Enter the Dragon, TV Guide Movie Review.Archived 4 July 2012 at theWayback MachineTV Guide. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
  90. ^The Fourth Virgin Film Guide by James Pallot and the editors ofinebook, published byVirgin Books, 1995
  91. ^Hong Kong Action Cinema by Bey Logan, published byTitan Books, 1995
  92. ^Maçek III, J.C. (21 June 2013)."Tournament of Death, Tour de Force: 'Enter the Dragon: 40th Anniversary Edition Blu-Ray'".PopMatters.Archived from the original on 30 June 2013. Retrieved20 April 2020.
  93. ^"Review: 'Enter the Dragon'".Variety. 31 July 1973.Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved10 May 2016.
  94. ^Thompson, Howard (18 August 1973)."Movie Review - - 'Enter Dragon,' Hollywood Style:The Cast".The New York Times. Archived fromthe original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved10 May 2016.
  95. ^"Enter the Dragon".Rotten Tomatoes.Archived from the original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved21 August 2023.
  96. ^"Enter the Dragon".Metacritic.Archived from the original on 22 January 2022. Retrieved21 January 2022.
  97. ^"Enter the Dragon: Award Wins and Nominations".IMDb.Archived from the original on 8 June 2010. Retrieved21 May 2010.
  98. ^"Empire's The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time".Empire magazine. Archived fromthe original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved21 May 2010.
  99. ^"Rumsfeld Hosts No-Holds-Barred Martial Arts Tournament at Remote Island Fortress".The Onion. 17 March 2004. Archived fromthe original on 15 August 2007. Retrieved15 August 2007.
  100. ^Fleming, Michael (9 August 2007)."Warners to remake 'Enter the Dragon'".Variety.Archived from the original on 18 April 2016. Retrieved12 August 2007.
  101. ^CS (5 August 2009)."Will Rain Awaken the Dragon ?".ComingSoon.net.Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved20 April 2020.
  102. ^Rich, Kathy (13 November 2009)."Exclusive: Rain Confirms He's Still Considering Enter The Dragon Remake".CINEMABLEND. Cinema Blend.Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved20 April 2020.
  103. ^Sternberger, Chad (16 September 2014)."SPIKE LEE TO REMAKE ENTER THE DRAGON". The Studio Exec.Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved14 May 2016.
  104. ^mrbeaks (21 March 2015)."Brett Ratner Is Trying To Remake ENTER THE DRAGON". Ain't It Cool News.Archived from the original on 6 August 2018. Retrieved20 April 2020.
  105. ^Mike Fleming, Jr (23 July 2018)."Remake Of Bruce Lee's 'Enter The Dragon' Has 'Deadpool 2's David Leitch in Talks".Deadline.Archived from the original on 6 August 2018. Retrieved5 August 2018.
  106. ^Matuszak, Sascha (1 July 2015)."Bruce Lee's Last Words: Enter the Dragon and the Martial Arts Explosion".Vice. Archived fromthe original on 2 January 2020. Retrieved23 March 2020.
  107. ^Stice, Joel (27 November 2015)."Bruce Lee Was Bitten By A Cobra And 5 Other Surprising 'Enter The Dragon' Facts".Uproxx.Archived from the original on 23 March 2020. Retrieved23 March 2020.
  108. ^Chen, Kuan-Hsing; Chua, Beng Huat (2015).The Inter-Asia Cultural Studies Reader.Routledge. p. 489.ISBN 978-1-134-08396-1.Archived from the original on 6 June 2020. Retrieved23 March 2020.
  109. ^Fitzmaurice, Larry (28 August 2015)."Quentin Tarantino: The Complete Syllabus of His Influences and References".Vulture.com.Archived from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved16 May 2022.
  110. ^Mendelson, Scott (15 September 2020)."How Bruce Lee's Death Impacted The James Bond Movies".Forbes.Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved22 December 2020.
  111. ^Scott, Mathew (21 May 2019)."Bruce Lee and his starring role in the birth of modern mixed martial arts".South China Morning Post.Archived from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved5 July 2021.
  112. ^Robles, Pablo; Wong, Dennis; Scott, Mathew (21 May 2019)."How Bruce Lee and street fighting in Hong Kong helped create MMA".South China Morning Post.Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved6 July 2021.
  113. ^ab"Akira Toriyama × Katsuyoshi Nakatsuru".TV Anime Guide: Dragon Ball Z Son Goku Densetsu.Shueisha. 2003.ISBN 4088735463.Archived from the original on 3 September 2020. Retrieved21 November 2019.
  114. ^The Dragon Ball Z Legend: The Quest Continues. DH Publishing Inc. 2004. p. 7.ISBN 9780972312493.
  115. ^"Comic Legends: Why Did Goku's Hair Turn Blonde?".Comic Book Resources. 1 January 2018.Archived from the original on 19 July 2018. Retrieved21 November 2019.
  116. ^abLeone, Matt (12 October 2012)."The man who created Double Dragon".Polygon.Archived from the original on 29 November 2019. Retrieved27 April 2021.
  117. ^Williams, Andrew (16 March 2017).History of Digital Games: Developments in Art, Design and Interaction.CRC Press. pp. 143–6.ISBN 978-1-317-50381-1.
  118. ^Kapell, Matthew Wilhelm (2015).The Play Versus Story Divide in Game Studies: Critical Essays.McFarland & Company. p. 166.ISBN 978-1-4766-2309-2.Archived from the original on 6 June 2020. Retrieved23 March 2020.
  119. ^Stuart, Keith (9 April 2014)."Bruce Lee, UFC and why the martial arts star is a video game hero".The Guardian.Archived from the original on 17 May 2019. Retrieved20 July 2020.
  120. ^Gill, Patrick (24 September 2020)."Street Fighter and basically every fighting game exist because of Bruce Lee".Polygon.Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved24 March 2021.
  121. ^Thrasher, Christopher David (2015).Fight Sports and American Masculinity: Salvation in Violence from 1607 to the Present. McFarland. p. 208.ISBN 978-1-4766-1823-4.Archived from the original on 6 June 2020. Retrieved15 March 2020.

Bibliography

[edit]

External links

[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related toEnter the Dragon.
Wikimedia Commons has media related toEnter the Dragon.
Films directed byRobert Clouse
International
National
Portals:
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Enter_the_Dragon&oldid=1323284659"
Categories:
Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp