| Emperor Juntoku 順徳天皇 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Portrait from theTenshi Sekkan Miei | |||||
| Emperor of Japan | |||||
| Reign | 12 December 1210 – 13 May 1221 | ||||
| Enthronement | 14 January 1211 | ||||
| Predecessor | Tsuchimikado | ||||
| Successor | Chūkyō | ||||
| Shōgun | Minamoto no Sanetomo | ||||
| Born | 22 October 1197 | ||||
| Died | 7 October 1242(1242-10-07) (aged 44) Sado Island,Kamakura shogunate | ||||
| Burial | Ōhara noMisasagi (大原陵) (Kyoto) | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue more... | Emperor Chūkyō | ||||
| |||||
| House | Imperial House of Japan | ||||
| Father | Emperor Go-Toba | ||||
| Mother | Fujiwara no Shigeko | ||||
Emperor Juntoku (順徳天皇,Juntoku-tennō) (22 October 1197 – 7 October 1242) of theJōgen (Kamakura period) was the 84themperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1210 through 1221, a part of Japan'sKamakura Period.[1]
Before his ascension to theChrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (hisimina)[2] was Morinari-shinnō (守成親王).[3]
He was the third son ofEmperor Go-Toba. His mother was Shigeko (重子), the daughter of Fujiwara Hanki (藤原範季)
Morinari-shinnō becameCrown Prince in 1200. He was elevated to the throne afterEmperor Go-Toba pressuredEmperor Tsuchimikado into abdicating.
In actuality, Emperor Go-Toba wielded effective power as acloistered emperor during the years of Juntoku's reign.
In 1221, he was forced to abdicate because of his participation in Go-Toba's unsuccessful attempt to displace theKamakura bakufu with re-asserted Imperial power. This political and military struggle was called theJōkyū War or the Jōkyū Incident (Jōkyū-no ran).
After theJōkyū-no ran, Juntoku was sent into exile onSado Island (佐渡島 or 佐渡ヶ島, bothSadogashima), where he remained until his death in 1242.[5]
This emperor is known posthumously as Sado-no In (佐渡院) because his last years were spent at Sado. He was buried in a mausoleum, theMano Goryo, on Sado's west coast.[5] Juntoku's official Imperial tomb (misasagi) is in Kyoto.
Juntoku was tutored in poetry byFujiwara no Sadaie, who was also known asTeika. One of the emperor's poems was selected for inclusion in what became a well-known anthology, theOgura Hyakunin Isshu. This literary legacy in Teika's collection of poems has accorded Juntoku a continuing popular prominence beyond the scope of his other lifetime achievements. The poets and poems of the Hyakunin isshu form the basis for a card game (uta karuta) which is still widely played today.[6]
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of theEmperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During juntoku's reign, this apex of theDaijō-kan included:
The years of Juntoku's reign are more specifically identified by more than oneera name ornengō.[8]
| Ancestors of Emperor Juntoku[9] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Emperor of Japan: Juntoku 1210–1221 | Succeeded by |
| Legendary |
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yamato |
| ||||||||
| Nara |
| ||||||||
| Heian |
| ||||||||
| Kamakura |
| ||||||||
| Northern Court |
| ||||||||
| Muromachi |
| ||||||||
| Azuchi–Momoyama |
| ||||||||
| Edo |
| ||||||||
| Empire of Japan |
| ||||||||
| Japan |
Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are inCE / AD *Imperial Consort andRegentEmpress Jingū is not traditionally listed. | ||||||||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
| Other | |
