| Emperor Go-Sanjō 後三条天皇 | |||||||||
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| Emperor of Japan | |||||||||
| Reign | May 22, 1068 – January 18, 1073 | ||||||||
| Enthronement | August 21, 1068 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Go-Reizei | ||||||||
| Successor | Shirakawa | ||||||||
| Born | Takahito (尊仁、たかひと)[1] September 3, 1034[2] Heian-kyō (Present:Kyoto, Japan)[4] | ||||||||
| Died | June 15, 1073 (aged 38)[3] Heian-kyō (Present:Kyoto, Japan)[5] | ||||||||
| Burial | Ensō-ji no misasagi (圓宗寺陵) (Kyoto) | ||||||||
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| House | Imperial House of Japan | ||||||||
| Father | Emperor Go-Suzaku | ||||||||
| Mother | Teishi | ||||||||
Emperor Go-Sanjō (後三条天皇,Go-Sanjō-tennō; September 3, 1034 – June 15, 1073)[6] was the 71stemperor of Japan,[7] according to the traditionalorder of succession.[8] His given name wasTakahito (尊仁).[9]
Go-Sanjō's reign spanned the years from1068 through 1073.[10]
This 11th century sovereign was named after his grandfatherEmperor Sanjō andgo- (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Sanjō", or, in some older sources, may be identified as "Sanjō, the second" or as "Sanjō II."
It was during, and due to, Go-Sanjo's reign that theFujiwara grip on power was broken; following Go-Sanjo's rule, their power continued to wane until 1150, when any semblance of their power disappeared.
Before his ascension to theChrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (諱,imina)[11] wasTakahito-shinnō (尊仁親王,たかひとしんのう).[9]
Takahito-shinnō was the second son ofEmperor Go-Suzaku. His mother was Empress (kōgō) Sadako (禎子内親王), the third daughter ofEmperor Sanjō, making him the first Emperor in 170 years (sinceEmperor Uda) whose mother wasnot of Fujiwara descent paternally. His father and mother were grandchildren ofFujiwara no Michinaga maternally. The Empress mother of the future Emperor Go-Sanjō was also known as Teishi, and a Yōmei-mon In (1012–94).[12] His lack of connection with the Fujiwara meant he owed them no special loyalty—meaning that he could afford to oppose them.
Because PrinceTakahito was not of Fujiwara descent, theKampaku, Fujiwara no Yorimichi neglected him, butEmperor Go-Suzaku decreed that upon his elder brother Chikahito's enthronement (asEmperor Go-Reizei), thatTakahito would become the heir (kōtaitei). AsEmperor Go-Reizei had no children of his own, upon his death,Takahito became emperor.
Yorimichi's younger brother Norimichi becamekampaku, but Go-Sanjō was determined to rule personally.
Go-Sanjō is buried amongst the "Seven Imperial Tombs" atRyōan-ji inKyoto.[16]
The actual site of Go-Sanjō'sgrave is known.[7] This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorialShintoshrine (misasagi) atKyoto.
TheImperial Household Agency designates this location as Go-Sanjō'smausoleum. It is formally namedYensō-ji no misasagi.[17]
The mound which commemorates the Hosokawa Emperor Go-Sanjō is today namedShu-zan. The emperor's burial place would have been quite humble in the period after Go-Sanjō died.[18]
These tombs reached their present state as a result of the 19th century restoration of imperial sepulchers (misasagi) which were ordered byEmperor Meiji.[18]
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of theEmperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Sanjō's reign, this apex of theDaijō-kan included:
The years of Go-Sanjō's reign are more specifically identified by more than oneera name ornengō.[19]
Go-Sanjō had three consorts.[15]
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| Preceded by | Emperor of Japan: Go-Sanjō 1068–1073 | Succeeded by |
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| Yamato |
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| Nara |
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| Heian |
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| Kamakura |
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| Northern Court |
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| Muromachi |
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| Azuchi–Momoyama |
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| Edo |
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| Empire of Japan |
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| Japan |
Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are inCE / AD *Imperial Consort andRegentEmpress Jingū is not traditionally listed. | ||||||||
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