| Emperor Go-Horikawa 後堀河天皇 | |||||
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| Emperor of Japan | |||||
| Reign | 29 July 1221 – 17 November 1232 | ||||
| Enthronement | 14 January 1222 | ||||
| Predecessor | Chūkyō | ||||
| Successor | Shijō | ||||
| Shōgun | Kujō Yoritsune | ||||
| Born | 22 March 1212 | ||||
| Died | 31 August 1234(1234-08-31) (aged 22) | ||||
| Burial | Kannon-ji no Misasagi (觀音寺陵) (Kyoto) | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue more... | Emperor Shijō | ||||
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| House | Imperial House of Japan | ||||
| Father | Prince Morisada | ||||
Emperor Go-Horikawa (後堀河天皇,Go-Horikawa-tennō) (22 March 1212 – 31 August 1234) was the 86themperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from1221 through 1232.[1]
This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 11th-centuryEmperor Horikawa andgo- (後), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Horikawa". The Japanese wordgo has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Horikawa, the second," or as "Horikawa II."
Before his ascension to theChrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (hisimina)[2] was Yutahito-shinnō (茂仁親王),[3] also known as Motsihito-shinnō.[4]The third son of Imperial Prince Morisada (守貞親王) (Go-Takakura-in, 後高倉院), the second son ofEmperor Takakura.
In 1221, because of theJōkyū Incident, an unsuccessful attempt byEmperor Go-Toba to seize real power, theKamakura shogunate completely excluded those of the imperial family descended fromEmperor Go-Toba from theChrysanthemum Throne, thus forcingEmperor Chūkyō to abdicate. After theGenpei War, he, as the grandson of the lateEmperor Takakura, who was also a nephew of the then-exiled Retired Emperor Go-Toba, and Chūkyō's first cousin, was enthroned as Go-Horikawa. He ruled from July 29, 1221 to October 26 (?), 1232.
As Go-Horikawa was only ten-years-old at this time, his father Imperial Prince Morisada acted ascloistered emperor under the name Go-Takakura-in.[11]
In 1232, he began his owncloistered rule, abdicating to his 1-year-old son,Emperor Shijō. However, he had a weak constitution, and his cloistered rule lasted just under two years before he died.
Emperor Go-Horikawa's Imperial tomb (misasagi) is at Sennyū-ji in theNochi no Tsukinowa no Higashiyama no misasagi (後月輪東山陵).[12]
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of theEmperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Horikawa's reign, this apex of theDaijō-kan included:
The years of Go-Horikawa's reign are more specifically identified by more than oneera name ornengō.[4]
| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by | Emperor of Japan: Go-Horikawa 1221–1232 | Succeeded by |
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| Yamato |
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| Nara |
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| Heian |
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| Kamakura |
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| Northern Court |
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| Muromachi |
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| Azuchi–Momoyama |
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| Edo |
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| Empire of Japan |
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| Japan |
Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are inCE / AD *Imperial Consort andRegentEmpress Jingū is not traditionally listed. | ||||||||
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