| Emir Sultan Mosque | |
|---|---|
Emir Sultan Camii | |
 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Islam |
| Location | |
| Location | Bursa, Turkey |
  Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates | 40°10′52″N29°04′52″E / 40.18108°N 29.08104°E /40.18108; 29.08104 |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Mosque |
| Style | Ottoman Baroque |
| Completed | 15th century (rebuilt in 19th century) |
| Minaret | 2 |
TheEmir Sultan Mosque (Turkish:Emir Sultan Camii) is amosque inBursa,Turkey. First built in the 15th century, it was rebuilt in 1804 for theOttoman sultanSelim III and rebuilt again in 1868, the plan of the mosque changing slightly with each rebuild.
Emir Sultan, also known as Şemseddin Mehmed Ali el-Hüseyin el Buhari (Mehmed Şemseddin), was adervish and scholar fromBukhara and also the advisor and son-in-law of the Ottoman sultanBayezid I.[1] The religious complex around his tomb was first established by SultanMehmed I in the early 15th century. It was further developed during the reign ofMurad II (between 1421 and 1451), when Hundi Fatma Hatun, daughter of Bayezid I, built the complex's first mosque.[2][3]
The present-day mosque is situated in the quarter of Bursa also called Emirsultan. It was built after the original 15th-century building collapsed in the1766 earthquake. When it was rebuilt bySelim III, the previous mosque's foundations and some of its materials were reused in the construction, resulting in a work that mixes archaic Ottoman elements with newOttoman Baroque ones.[4][2] Following the1855 Bursa earthquake, the Emir Sultan Mosque and the mausoleum (Turkish:türbe) were once again rebuilt in 1868 (1285AH), this time in a pure Baroque style, in for SultanAbdülaziz.[2][3]
The mosque and mausoleum stand on opposite sides of a long courtyard with largeşadırvan (ablutions fountain) at the entrance. The courtyard entrances are at the east and west ends, and the mosque and mausoleum are accessed via the courtyard. A wooden arcade with pointed arches wraps around the courtyard and rises to form portals with tall domes in the bays leading into the buildings.[5]
The mosque, to the south of the courtyard, is a tall single-unit prayer hall of masonry construction with twominarets at the northern corners. The mausoleum, also on the south side, is composed of a domed room in the centre with smaller rooms to its sides and houses the tombs of Emir Sultan and his family. Other rooms on the north corner of the courtyard are used by theimams. An Ottoman cemetery flows downhill from the complex.[5]
Hundi Hatun, the wife of Emir Sultan and daughter of Bayezid I, was responsible for thehamam to the south of the mosque.[6] There are several historic fountains scattered around the complex (külliye), the earliest dating from 1743. One of them appears in a drawing by the British traveller and artistThomas Allom.[6]
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