Emil Zuckerkandl (1 September 1849Győr,Hungary – 28 May 1910,Vienna,Austria-Hungary) was anAustrian-Hungariananatomist who held the first chair for anatomy at the University of Vienna as of 1888.[1]
Zuckerkandl was born inGyőr on 1 September 1849, to a Jewish family. He had two brothers: the industrialist Victor Zuckerkandl, and the urologistOtto Zuckerkandl (1861–1921).[2] Until his 16th year, Emil wanted to become a violin virtuoso. Having not attended school, he is reported to have subsequently self-studied the entire upper level gymnasium material in a year.[3]
He was educated at theUniversity of Vienna (MD, 1874) and was an admiring student ofJosef Hyrtl,[4] and an anatomical assistant toKarl von Rokitansky (1804–1878) andKarl Langer (1819–1887). In 1875, he becameprivatdozent of anatomy at theUniversity of Utrecht, and he was appointedassistant professor at the University of Vienna in 1879, being madeprofessor atGraz in 1882. Beginning in 1888, he was a professor of descriptive and topographical anatomy at the University of Vienna.
He conducted research in almost all fields ofmorphology, making contributions to the normal andpathological anatomy of thenasal cavity, the anatomy of thefacial skeleton,blood vessels, thebrain,chromaffin system, et al.
He was married to the Galician-Austrian writer, journalist and criticBerta Szeps.[5] The couple's house was a popular meeting place for the avant-garde in arts and science; their guests including sculptorAuguste Rodin (1840–1917), painterGustav Klimt (1862–1918), architectOtto Wagner (1841–1918), writerHermann Bahr (1863–1934), playwrightArthur Schnitzler (1862–1931), and composerGustav Mahler (1860–1911).[6]
Zuckerkandl was a liberal thinker who supported universal suffrage and hired withGertrud Bien the first female university assistant in the Austrian-Hungarian Empire.[7]
Zuckerkandl contributed many monographs to medical journals, among them:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Isidore Singer;Frederick T. Haneman (1901–1906)."Zuckerkandl, Emil". InSinger, Isidore; et al. (eds.).The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.