Politics of Bulgaria
Constitution 1879 1947 1971 1991
Presidency President (list) Rumen Radev Vice President Iliana Iotova
Executive Legislative Government Zhelyazkov Government Prime Minister (list) Rosen Zhelyazkov National Assembly Speaker Nataliya Kiselova
Law Judiciary Nationality law Human rights Courts Constitutional Court Supreme Administrative Court Supreme Court of Cassation Office of the General Prosecutor
Majorpolitical parties PP GERB DPS Bulgarian Socialist Party Democratic Bulgaria Revival Bulgarian Rise
Recentelections Presidential:2016 2021 2026 Parliamentary:2024 (Jun) 2024 (Oct) next European:2014 2019 2024
Administrative divisions Provinces(oblasti) Municipalities(obshtini)
Foreign relations 2007 EU enlargement Kristalina Georgieva Politics of the European Union
Bulgaria portal Other countries
v t e

Bulgaria elects ahead of state—thepresident—and alegislature on a national level. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people directly. TheNational Assembly (Narodno Sabranie) has 240 members elected for a four-year term byproportional representation in multi-seatconstituencies with a 4% threshold. Bulgaria has amulti-party system in which usually no party receives arequired majority and parties have to collaborate to form governments, generally viaconfidence and supply orcoalition agreements.

The results of the June 1990 parliamentary elections:

Party		Proportional			Constituency			Total seats	+/–
		Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats
	Bulgarian Socialist Party	2,887,766	47.15	97	2,775,465	45.57	114	211	New
	Union of Democratic Forces	2,217,798	36.21	75	2,188,547	35.94	69	144	New
	Movement for Rights and Freedoms	491,597	8.03	12	498,017	8.18	11	23	New
	Bulgarian Agrarian National Union	368,929	6.02	16	326,420	5.36	0	16	−83
	Patriotic Party of Labour	36,668	0.60	0	47,713	0.78	1	1	New
	Alternative Socialist Party	22,064	0.36	0	125,343	2.06	0	0	New
	Alternative Socialist Alliance	16,061	0.26	0			0	0	New
	Liberal Party – Pernik	15,034	0.25	0			0	0	New
	Union of Disabled	10,466	0.17	0			0	0	New
	Union of Non-Party Members	9,978	0.16	0			0	0	New
	Parliamentary Movement for the Tarnovo Constitution	8,354	0.14	0			0	0	New
	Non-Party Members for Democracy Movement	8,195	0.13	0			0	0	New
	Political Opposition Bloc (Centre)	6,043	0.10	0			0	0	New
	Bulgarian National Democratic Party	4,723	0.08	0			0	0	New
	Union of Democratic Parties and Movements "Era-3"	4,521	0.07	0			0	0	New
	Bulgarian National Radical Party	3,827	0.06	0			0	0	New
	Christian Republican Party	3,534	0.06	0			0	0	New
	Social Democratic Party Non-Marxists	3,036	0.05	0			0	0	New
	Union of Non-Party Guarantees	1,929	0.03	0			0	0	New
	Bulgarian Christian Democratic Party (Centre)	1,563	0.03	0			0	0	New
	Bulgarian Revolutionary Youth Party	640	0.01	0			0	0	New
	Free Democratic Party	586	0.01	0			0	0	New
	United People's Union	334	0.01	0			0	0	New
	National Patriotic Union	319	0.01	0			0	0	New
	Organisation of the Ill and Weak	287	0.00	0			0	0	New
	National Party of Labour	249	0.00	0			0	0	New
	Fatherland Front				32,192	0.53	2	2	−274
	Social Democratic Party				20,225	0.33	1	1	+1
	Independents				76,197	1.25	2	2	−23
Total		6,124,501	100.00	200	6,090,119	100.00	200	400	0
Valid votes		6,124,501	96.70		6,090,119	96.14
Invalid/blank votes		208,833	3.30		244,296	3.86
Total votes		6,333,334	100.00		6,334,415	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		6,976,620	90.78		6,976,620	90.79

Parliamentary elections have been held in Bulgaria since 1879. There was a period when partisan politics was banned from 1934 to 1944; in the wake of theBulgarian coup d'état of 1934 and the sequential personal rule ofTsar Boris III. There was also period ofsingle party system between 1945 and 1989, during thePeople's Republic of Bulgaria, during which only candidates sanctioned by authorities could run. This, in practice, gave theBulgarian Communist Party and its collaborators a monopoly on power.

Until 1945 there was nouniversal suffrage for the women. The table below show the elections since 1990, when the government became a democratic republic.

All elections since 1991 have had 240 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies with a 4% threshold. The two elections that differed from this model was the1990Grand National Assembly election, where 400 representatives were elected: half by proportional representation and half byfirst-past-the-post voting. The other exception was the2009 election when 209 representatives were elected by proportional representation and 31 through first past the post; seats corresponding to the provinces and the largest cities.

The latest parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria on27 October 2024.

This section is an excerpt fromJune 2024 Bulgarian parliamentary election § Results.[edit]

The results showed that no party attained a majority in the National Assembly, with GERB attaining a plurality of seats. Turnout was 34.4 percent, the lowest since the end of communist rule in 1989.^[1][2]

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	GERB–SDS	530,658	23.99	68	−1
	Movement for Rights and Freedoms	366,310	16.56	47	+11
	We Continue the Change – Democratic Bulgaria	307,849	13.92	39	−25
	Revival	295,915	13.38	38	+1
	BSP for Bulgaria	151,560	6.85	19	−4
	There is Such a People	128,007	5.79	16	+5
	Greatness	99,862	4.52	13	New
	Morality, Unity, Honour	63,992	2.89	0	New
	Blue Bulgaria	33,613	1.52	0	New
	Solidary Bulgaria	31,476	1.42	0	New
	Center	25,664	1.16	0	New
	VMRO – Bulgarian National Movement	21,272	0.96	0	0
	The Left!	15,175	0.69	0	0
	Bulgarian Rise	12,322	0.56	0	0
	Green Movement	9,324	0.42	0	0
	People's Voice	6,560	0.30	0	0
	We Are Coming	5,939	0.27	0	New
	Party of the Greens [bg]	5,494	0.25	0	0
	Direct democracy [bg]	5,207	0.24	0	0
	Unification	5,206	0.24	0	New
	We the Citizens	4,662	0.21	0	New
	Bulgarian Voice	3,378	0.15	0	New
	Citizens Bloc	3,003	0.14	0	New
	People's Party "Truth and Only the Truth" [bg]	2,483	0.11	0	0
	Neutral Bulgaria	2,462	0.11	0	0
	Rose Coalition	2,206	0.10	0	New
	Society for a New Bulgaria [bg]	2,249	0.10	0	0
	Bulgarian National Union – New Democracy	2,128	0.10	0	0
	For a Great Bulgaria	1,893	0.09	0	New
	Bulgarian Union for Direct Democracy [bg]	946	0.04	0	0
	Bulgarian National Unification	920	0.04	0	0
None of the above		63,913	2.89	–	–
Total		2,211,648	100.00	240	0
Valid votes		2,211,648	97.42
Invalid/blank votes		58,496	2.58
Total votes		2,270,144	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		6,593,275	34.43
Source:Central Electoral Commission

Presidential elections have been held since 1992. From 1996 onwards, presidential elections have been held every five years.

• 2007 European Parliament election in Bulgaria
• 2009 European Parliament election in Bulgaria
• 2014 European Parliament election in Bulgaria
• 2019 European Parliament election in Bulgaria

Four nationwide referendums have been held in Bulgaria since it gained its De Facto independence in 1878:

• On19 November 1922 the question was if criminals from the three previous wars were to be prosecuted;^[3]
• On8 September 1946 the question was if Bulgaria was to remain a monarchy or become a republic;^[4]
• On16 May 1971 the nation's approval of a new constitution was asked;^[5]
• On27 January 2013 the question was if Bulgaria should develop its nuclear power by building a new nuclear power plant.^[6][7]
• On25 October 2015 the question was if Bulgaria should introduce electronic voting.
• On6 November 2016 voters were asked three questions. The questions were: Whether they supported limiting public funding of political parties; the introduction of compulsory voting in elections and referendums; and changing the electoral system for the National Assembly to the two-round system.

Several regional referendums have been held as well.

This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(February 2017)

• Electoral calendar
• Electoral system

• Blog in English about the Bulgarian elections in 2009Archived 2009-06-11 at theWayback Machine
• Adam Carr's Election Archive
• Ms Lyubka Savkova's Bulgarian Party Politics and Public Opinion Research Website hosted by the University of Sussex
• Parties and Elections
• Народно събрание на Република България/National Assembly of the Republic of BulgariaArchived 2005-06-24 at theWayback Machine
• Bulgarian News Agency
• Blog in English about the Bulgarian elections in 2009Archived 2009-06-11 at theWayback Machine
• NSD: European Election Database - BulgariaArchived 2016-03-20 at theWayback Machine publishes regional level election data; allows for comparisons of election results, 1990-2009

• Elections in Bulgaria

• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Articles with excerpts
• Articles to be expanded from February 2017
• All articles to be expanded
• Webarchive template wayback links