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Eleanor F. Helin

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American astronomer (1932–2009)
Eleanor F. Helin
Eleanor Helin holds the announcement for discovery of2100 Ra-Shalom, 1979
Born
Eleanor Frances Helin

(1932-11-19)19 November 1932
Died25 January 2009(2009-01-25) (aged 76)
Alma materOccidental College
Known fordiscoverer of minor planets
Scientific career
Fields
InstitutionsCaltech · JPL
Notable studentsCelina Mikolajczak
Minor planets discovered: 903[1]
see§ List of discovered minor planets

Eleanor Francis "Glo" Helin (néeFrancis,[2] 19 November 1932 – 25 January 2009) was an Americanastronomer. She was principal investigator of theNear-Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) program of NASA'sJet Propulsion Laboratory.[3][4][5] (Some sources give her name asEleanor Kay Helin.)

Helin was a prolificdiscoverer of minor planets(seelist) and severalcomets, including periodic comets111P/Helin–Roman–Crockett,117P/Helin–Roman–Alu and132P/Helin–Roman–Alu. She is credited as the discoverer of the object now known as both asteroid4015 Wilson–Harrington and comet107P/Wilson–Harrington. Although Wilson andHarrington preceded her by some decades, their observations did not establish anorbit for the object, while her rediscovery did. Helin discovered or co-discovered 903 asteroids and several comets.[6]

Biography

[edit]

Helin was born an only child to Fred and Kay Francis. At the age of five, she became ill withpolio, which caused her to be bed-ridden for several months.[7]

Helin studied geology atOccidental College, leaving just shy of her graduation in 1954.[8] She married Ron Helin and started working atCalifornia Institute of Technology, where she andBruce C. Murray started the Lunar Research Lab to prepare for lunar landing missions.[7]

Helin was active in planetary science and astronomy at theCalifornia Institute of Technology and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for over three decades. Her studies of lunar craters raised interest aboutnear Earth Objects, and in the early 1970s, she initiated thePalomar Planet-Crossing Asteroid Survey (PCAS) fromPalomar Observatory. This program is responsible for the discovery of thousands of asteroids of all types including more than 200 in highinclination orbits, other asteroids in rare and unique types of orbits, 20 comets, and approximately 30 percent of thenear-Earth asteroids discovered worldwide.[5] Using the 18-inch Schmidt telescope, Helin discovered her first asteroid on July 3, 1973.[7]

In 1980, Helin started working atJPL,[8] where she organized and coordinated theInternational Near-Earth Asteroid Survey (INAS) during the 1980s, encouraging and stimulating worldwide interest in asteroids. In recognition of her accomplishments, she received NASA's Exceptional Service Medal.

Eleanor Helin at work.

After conducting the PCAS photographic search program from Palomar for nearly 25 years, Helin concentrated on the new, upgradedNear Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) search program using electronic sensors on a large aperture telescope. The operations were conducted in 1996 atHakeakalā Observatory in Maui, Hawai'i, and at Palomar in 2001 with the Samuel Oschin Telescope.[9] She was the principal investigator for this program operating from JPL, for which she received the 1997 JPL Award for Excellence. She also received NASA's Group Achievement Award for the NEAT Team.

In operation from 1995 to 2007, NEAT was the first autonomous observing program; no JPL personnel were on-site, only the JPL Sunspark computer which ran the observing system through the night and transmitted the data back to JPL each morning for team member review and confirmation. NEAT detected over 26,000 objects, including 31 near-Earth asteroids, two long period comets and the unique object,1996 PW, the mosteccentric asteroid known (e = 0.99012940), which moves in a long-period (4110.50a), comet-like orbit (semi-major axis 256.601AU).

Helin retired from NASA in 2002, and died in January 2009.

Caltech Optical Observatories hosted a Helin Commemorative Workshop on 28 September 2010 to honour the contributions of Eleanor and Ronald Helin.[10] Palomar Observatory opened an exhibit dedicated to her and her work with the 18-inch Schmidt telescope in September 2013.[5]

Awards and honors

[edit]

The Mars-crossing asteroid3267 Glo, discovered byEdward Bowell in 1981, was named after her nickname.[11] The officialnaming citation was published by theMinor Planet Center on 13 February 1987 (M.P.C. 11641).[12]

In 1991, the USSHelin debuted on the movieStar Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country. The ship was named after her for "having discovered an unprecedented number of asteroids and comets".[9]

In 1992, Helin received an honorary doctorate from her alma mater,Occidental College.[9]

Helin was awarded theNASA Exceptional Service Medal. In 1998 she was inducted to the Women in Technology Hall of Fame.[8][13]

Discoveries by Helin

[edit]
See also:Category:Discoveries by Eleanor F. Helin

Helin is credited by theMinor Planet Center with the discovery or co-discovered of more than 900 numbered minor planets, including the first twoAten asteroids:2062 Aten and2100 Ra-Shalom, which gave rise to this new orbital group ofnear-Earth objects.[1][11]

She also discovered:

Comets discovered by Helin include:

List of discovered minor planets

[edit]
List of minor planets discovered by Eleanor Helin
NameDiscovery DateListing
1982 Cline4 November 1975list
2048 Dwornik27 August 1973list
2050 Francis28 May 1974list
2062 Aten7 January 1976list
2074 Shoemaker17 October 1974list
2083 Smither29 November 1973list
2099 Öpik8 November 1977list
2100 Ra-Shalom10 September 1978list
2128 Wetherill26 September 1973list
2135 Aristaeus17 April 1977list[A]
2143 Jimarnold26 September 1973list
2220 Hicks4 November 1975list
2324 Janice7 November 1978list[A]
2335 James17 October 1974list
2343 Siding Spring25 June 1979list[A]
2392 Jonathan Murray25 June 1979list[A]
2430 Bruce Helin8 November 1977list[B]
2440 Educatio7 November 1978list[A]
2441 Hibbs25 June 1979list[A]
2499 Brunk7 November 1978list[A]
2611 Boyce7 November 1978list[A]
2618 Coonabarabran25 June 1979list[A]
2619 Skalnaté Pleso25 June 1979list[A]
2628 Kopal25 June 1979list[A]
2645 Daphne Plane30 August 1976list
2682 Soromundi25 June 1979list[A]
2704 Julian Loewe25 June 1979list[A]
2725 David Bender7 November 1978list[A]
2860 Pasacentennium8 October 1978list
2925 Beatty7 November 1978list[A]
3043 San Diego20 September 1982list
3101 Goldberger11 April 1978list[C][D]
3129 Bonestell25 June 1979list[A]
3205 Boksenberg25 June 1979list[A]
3240 Laocoon7 November 1978list[A]
3360 Syrinx4 November 1981list[E]
3449 Abell7 November 1978list[A]
3484 Neugebauer10 July 1978list[B]
3651 Friedman7 November 1978list[A]
3680 Sasha28 June 1987list
3718 Dunbar7 November 1978list[A]
3737 Beckman8 August 1983list
3752 Camillo15 August 1985list[F]
3756 Ruscannon25 June 1979list[A]
3757 Anagolay14 December 1982list
3767 DiMaggio3 June 1986list
3795 Nigel8 April 1986list
3800 Karayusuf4 January 1984list
3817 Lencarter25 June 1979list[A]
3855 Pasasymphonia4 July 1986list
3875 Staehle17 May 1988list
3876 Quaide19 May 1988list
3926 Ramirez7 November 1978list[A]
3988 Huma4 June 1986list
4012 Geballe7 November 1978list[A]
4015 Wilson-Harrington15 November 1979list
4034 Vishnu2 August 1986list
4055 Magellan24 February 1985list
4069 Blakee7 November 1978list[A]
4103 Chahine4 March 1989list
4104 Alu5 March 1989list
4105 Tsia5 March 1989list
4107 Rufino7 April 1989list
4116 Elachi20 September 1982list
4125 Lew Allen28 June 1987list
4159 Freeman5 April 1989list
4160 Sabrina-John3 June 1989list
4178 Mimeev13 March 1988list
4197 Morpheus11 October 1982list[B]
4209 Briggs4 October 1986list
4222 Nancita13 March 1988list
4224 Susa19 May 1988list
4285 Hulkower11 July 1988list
4314 Dervan25 June 1979list[A]
4364 Shkodrov7 November 1978list[A]
4365 Ivanova7 November 1978list[A]
4393 Dawe7 November 1978list[A]
4490 Bambery14 July 1988list[G]
4525 Johnbauer15 May 1982list[B][H]
4575 Broman26 June 1987list
4580 Child4 March 1989list
4612 Greenstein2 May 1989list
4629 Walford7 October 1986list
4656 Huchra7 November 1978list[A]
4660 Nereus28 February 1982list
4674 Pauling2 May 1989list
4759 Åretta7 November 1978list[A]
4766 Malin28 March 1987list
4769 Castalia9 August 1989list
4770 Lane9 August 1989list
4790 Petrpravec9 August 1988list
4796 Lewis3 June 1989list
4838 Billmclaughlin2 July 1989list
4868 Knushevia27 October 1989list
4874 Burke12 January 1991list
4897 Tomhamilton22 August 1987list
4900 Maymelou16 June 1988list
4950 House7 December 1988list
4957 Brucemurray15 December 1990list
4968 Suzamur1 August 1986list
4969 Lawrence4 October 1986list
4970 Druyan12 November 1988list
4984 Patrickmiller7 November 1978list[A]
5000 IAU23 August 1987list
5006 Teller5 April 1989list
5019 Erfjord25 June 1979list[A]
5032 Conradhirsh18 July 1990list
5062 Glennmiller6 February 1989list
5065 Johnstone24 March 1990list
5067 Occidental19 July 1990list
5129 Groom7 April 1989list
(5131) 1990 BG21 January 1990list[G]
5181 SURF7 April 1989list
5182 Bray1 July 1989list
5183 Robyn22 July 1990list
5188 Paine15 October 1990list
5208 Royer6 February 1989list
5255 Johnsophie19 May 1988list
5256 Farquhar11 July 1988list[J][K]
5262 Brucegoldberg14 December 1990list
5271 Kaylamaya25 June 1979list[A]
5276 Gulkis1 April 1987list
5278 Polly12 March 1988list
5305 Bernievolz7 November 1978list[A]
5347 Orestelesca24 February 1985list
5349 Paulharris7 September 1988list
5391 Emmons13 September 1985list
5402 Kejosmith27 October 1989list
5416 Estremadoyro7 November 1978list[A]
5431 Maxinehelin19 June 1988list
5434 Tomwhitney6 March 1989list
5438 Lorre18 August 1990list
5477 Holmes27 October 1989list
(5496) 1973 NA4 July 1973list
5515 Naderi5 March 1989list
5516 Jawilliamson2 May 1989list
5517 Johnerogers4 June 1989list
5521 Morpurgo15 August 1991list
5559 Beategordon27 June 1990list
5560 Amytis27 June 1990list
5585 Parks28 June 1990list
5593 Jonsujatha9 May 1991list
5617 Emelyanenko5 March 1989list
5619 Shair26 April 1990list
5620 Jasonwheeler19 July 1990list[G]
5622 Percyjulian14 October 1990list
5624 Shirley11 January 1991list
5634 Victorborge7 November 1978list[A]
5639 Ćuk9 August 1989list[L]
5641 McCleese27 February 1990list
5647 Sarojininaidu14 October 1990list
5649 Donnashirley18 November 1990list
5653 Camarillo21 November 1992list[M]
5678 DuBridge1 October 1989list
5688 Kleewyck12 January 1991list
5735 Loripaul4 June 1989list
5736 Sanford6 June 1989list
5738 Billpickering27 October 1989list
5748 Davebrin19 February 1991list
5749 Urduja17 March 1991list
5772 Johnlambert15 June 1988list
5773 Hopper2 July 1989list
5774 Ratliff2 July 1989list
5785 Fulton17 March 1991list
5796 Klemm7 November 1978list[A]
5811 Keck19 May 1988list
5817 Robertfrazer5 September 1989list
5832 Martaprincipe15 June 1991list
(5836) 1993 MF22 June 1993list[M]
5841 Stone19 September 1982list
5849 Bhanji27 April 1990list
5870 Baltimore11 February 1989list
5871 Bobbell11 February 1989list
5877 Toshimaihara23 March 1990list
5878 Charlene14 February 1991list
5888 Ruders7 November 1978list[A]
5905 Johnson11 February 1989list
5916 van der Woude8 May 1991list
5917 Chibasai7 July 1991list
5959 Shaklan2 July 1989list
5968 Trauger17 March 1991list
6009 Yuzuruyoshii24 March 1990list
6010 Lyzenga19 July 1990list
6041 Juterkilian21 May 1990list
6058 Carlnielsen7 November 1978list[A]
6065 Chesneau27 July 1987list[E]
6092 Johnmason27 June 1990list
6127 Hetherington25 April 1989list
6128 Lasorda3 June 1989list
6153 Hershey19 July 1990list
6181 Bobweber6 September 1986list
6192 Javiergorosabel21 May 1990list
6238 Septimaclark2 July 1989list
6249 Jennifer7 May 1991list
6250 Saekohayashi2 November 1991list
6271 Farmer9 July 1991list
6296 Cleveland12 July 1988list
6310 Jankonke21 May 1990list
6318 Cronkite18 November 1990list
6327 Tijn9 April 1991list
6335 Nicolerappaport5 July 1992list[L]
6361 Koppel7 November 1978list[A]
6384 Kervin3 January 1989list
6391 Africano21 January 1990list
6400 Georgealexander10 April 1991list
6403 Steverin8 July 1991list
6435 Daveross24 February 1984list[E]
6445 Bellmore23 March 1990list
6446 Lomberg18 August 1990list
6447 Terrycole14 October 1990list
6450 Masahikohayashi9 April 1991list
6456 Golombek27 July 1992list[M]
6466 Drewesquivel25 June 1979list[A]
6479 Leoconnolly15 June 1988list
6484 Barthibbs23 March 1990list
6486 Anitahill17 March 1991list
6487 Tonyspear8 April 1991list
6489 Golevka10 May 1991list
6493 Cathybennett2 February 1992list
6515 Giannigalli16 June 1988list
6517 Buzzi21 January 1990list
6518 Vernon23 March 1990list
6521 Pina15 June 1991list
6522 Aci9 July 1991list
6524 Baalke9 January 1992list
6552 Higginson5 April 1989list
6560 Pravdo9 July 1991list
6577 Torbenwolff7 November 1978list[A]
6602 Gilclark4 March 1989list
6603 Marycragg19 May 1990list
6608 Davidecrespi2 November 1991list
(6611) 1993 VW9 November 1993list[L]
6623 Trioconbrio25 June 1979list[A]
6645 Arcetri11 January 1991list
6646 Churanta14 February 1991list
6671 Concari5 July 1994list
6695 Barrettduff1 August 1986list
6711 Holliman30 April 1989list
6713 Coggie21 May 1990list
6723 Chrisclark14 February 1991list
6756 Williamfeldman7 November 1978list[A]
6773 Kellaway15 June 1988list
6775 Giorgini5 April 1989list
6781 Sheikumarkahn19 July 1990list
6789 Milkey4 September 1991list
6799 Citfiftythree17 May 1993list
6812 Robertnelson7 November 1978list[A]
6813 Amandahendrix7 November 1978list[A]
6814 Steffl25 June 1979list[A]
6815 Mutchler25 June 1979list[A]
6848 Casely-Hayford7 November 1978list[A]
6849 Doloreshuerta25 June 1979list[A]
6856 Bethemmons5 March 1989list
6857 Castelli19 August 1990list
6875 Golgi4 July 1994list
6892 Lana7 November 1978list[A]
6894 Macreid5 September 1986list
6911 Nancygreen10 April 1991list
6943 Moretto7 November 1978list[A]
6944 Elaineowens25 June 1979list[A]
6953 Davepierce1 August 1986list
6962 Summerscience22 July 1990list
6982 Cesarchavez16 October 1993list
7026 Gabrielasilang19 August 1993list
7052 Octaviabutler12 November 1988list
7061 Pieri15 August 1991list
7087 Lewotsky13 October 1991list
7091 Maryfields1 May 1992list[M]
7093 Jonleake26 July 1992list
(7111) 1985 QA117 August 1985list
7154 Zhangmaolin25 June 1979list[A]
7163 Barenboim24 February 1984list[E]
7182 Robinvaughan8 September 1991list
7187 Isobe30 January 1992list
7290 Johnrather11 May 1991list
7299 Indiawadkins21 November 1992list
7321 Minervahoyt25 June 1979list[A]
(7335) 1989 JA1 May 1989list
7336 Saunders6 September 1989list
(7341) 1991 VK1 November 1991list[M]
7371 El-Baz7 November 1978list[A]
7546 Meriam25 June 1979list[A]
7547 Martinnakata25 June 1979list[A]
(7579) 1990 TN114 October 1990list
7593 Cernuschi21 November 1992list
7630 Yidumduma25 June 1979list[A]
(7663) 1994 RX12 September 1994list
(7703) 1991 RW7 September 1991list
7732 Ralphpass7 November 1978list[A]
7733 Segarpassi25 June 1979list[A]
7734 Kaltenegger25 June 1979list[A]
7757 Kameya22 May 1990list
7758 Poulanderson21 May 1990list
7780 Maren15 July 1993list[N]
7781 Townsend19 August 1993list
7809 Marcialangton25 June 1979list[A]
7818 Muirhead19 August 1990list
7824 Lynch7 September 1991list
7829 Jaroff21 November 1992list
7831 François-Xavier21 March 1993list
7915 Halbrook25 June 1979list[A]
7932 Plimpton7 April 1989list
7939 Asphaug14 January 1991list
(7949) 1992 SU23 September 1992list
7981 Katieoakman7 November 1978list[A]
7982 Timmartin25 June 1979list[A]
8005 Albinadubois16 June 1988list
8013 Gordonmoore18 May 1990list
(8014) 1990 MF26 June 1990list
8024 Robertwhite17 March 1991list
8026 Johnmckay8 May 1991list
8082 Haynes12 July 1988list
8131 Scanlon27 September 1976list
8135 Davidmitchell7 November 1978list[A]
8136 Landis25 June 1979list[A]
8168 Rogerbourke18 March 1991list
(8195) 1993 UC119 October 1993list
(8196) 1993 UB316 October 1993list
8270 Winslow2 May 1989list
8271 Imai2 July 1989list
(8290) 1992 NP2 July 1992list[O]
8355 Masuo5 September 1989list
8369 Miyata8 April 1991list
8378 Sweeney23 September 1992list
(8392) 1993 OP18 July 1993list
(8396) 1993 UR219 October 1993list
(8402) 1994 GH911 April 1994list
8613 Cindyschulz7 November 1978list[A]
(8614) 1978 VP117 November 1978list[A]
8615 Philipgrahamgood25 June 1979list[A]
8663 Davidjohnston18 February 1991list
8664 Grigorijrichters10 April 1991list
8789 Effertz7 November 1978list[A]
8790 Michaelamato7 November 1978list[A]
8791 Donyabradshaw7 November 1978list[A]
8792 Christyljohnson7 November 1978list[A]
8810 Johnmcfarland15 May 1982list[B]
(8825) 1988 MF16 June 1988list
(8843) 1990 OH22 July 1990list
8887 Scheeres9 June 1994list
8987 Cavancuddy7 November 1978list[A]
8988 Hansenkoharcheck25 June 1979list[A]
(9029) 1989 GM6 April 1989list
(9068) 1993 OD16 July 1993list
9069 Hovland16 July 1993list
(9075) 1994 GD914 April 1994list
9151 Kettnergriswold25 June 1979list[A]
9177 Donsaari18 December 1990list
9180 Samsagan8 April 1991list
9186 Fumikotsukimoto7 September 1991list
9268 Jeremihschneider7 November 1978list[A]
9269 Peterolufemi7 November 1978list[A]
9270 Sherryjennings7 November 1978list[A]
9271 Trimble7 November 1978list[A]
(9400) 1994 TW19 October 1994list[M]
9519 Jeffkeck6 November 1978list[A]
9520 Montydibiasi7 November 1978list[A]
(9616) 1993 FR321 March 1993list
9628 Sendaiotsuna16 July 1993list
9743 Tohru8 April 1988list
(9773) 1993 MG123 June 1993list
9830 Franciswasiak7 November 1978list[A]
9918 Timtrenkle25 June 1979list[A]
9945 Karinaxavier21 May 1990list
9947 Takaishuji17 August 1990list
9963 Sandage9 January 1992list
9969 Braille27 May 1992list[M]
10018 Lykawka25 June 1979list[A]
10019 Wesleyfraser25 June 1979list[A]
10050 Rayman28 June 1987list
10051 Albee23 August 1987list
10076 Rogerhill9 August 1989list
10080 Macevans18 July 1990list
10109 Sidhu29 May 1992list
(10115) 1992 SK24 September 1992list[L]
10267 Giuppone7 November 1978list[A]
(10302) 1989 ML29 June 1989list[L]
10315 Brewster23 September 1990list
10320 Reiland14 October 1990list
(10328) 1991 GC110 April 1991list
(10335) 1991 PG915 August 1991list
10460 Correa-Otto7 November 1978list[A]
10463 Bannister25 June 1979list[A]
10501 Ardmacha19 July 1987list
10502 Armaghobs22 August 1987list
(10531) 1991 GB18 April 1991list
(10556) 1993 QS19 August 1993list
(10562) 1993 UB119 October 1993list
10673 Berezhnoy7 November 1978list[A]
10674 de Elía7 November 1978list[A]
10676 Jamesmcdanell25 June 1979list[A]
10677 Colucci25 June 1979list[A]
10678 Alilagoa25 June 1979list[A]
10679 Chankaochang25 June 1979list[A]
10680 Ermakov25 June 1979list[A]
(10743) 1988 VS212 November 1988list
(10750) 1989 PT9 August 1989list
(10779) 1991 LW14 June 1991list
(10995) 1978 NS10 July 1978list[B]
10999 Braga-Ribas7 November 1978list[A]
(11000) 1978 VE66 November 1978list[A]
11002 Richardlis24 June 1979list[A]
(11045) 1990 HH126 April 1990list
(11057) 1991 NL8 July 1991list
11059 Nulliusinverba4 September 1991list
(11096) 1994 RU11 September 1994list
11259 Yingtungchen7 November 1978list[A]
11260 Camargo7 November 1978list[A]
11262 Drube25 June 1979list[A]
(11271) 1988 KB19 May 1988list
(11272) 1988 RK8 September 1988list
(11279) 1989 TC1 October 1989list[L]
11448 Miahajduková25 June 1979list[A]
(11497) 1989 CG16 February 1989list
11507 Danpascu20 July 1990list
11511 Billknopf18 November 1990list
(11512) 1991 AB211 January 1991list
(11523) 1991 PK115 August 1991list
11794 Yokokebukawa7 November 1978list[A]
(11838) 1986 PJ11 August 1986list
12192 Gregbollendonk7 November 1978list[A]
12195 Johndavidniemann25 June 1979list[A]
12196 Weems25 June 1979list[A]
(12265) 1990 FG23 March 1990list
(12266) 1990 FL23 March 1990list
(12269) 1990 QR19 August 1990list
12284 Pohl17 March 1991list
(12290) 1991 LZ14 June 1991list
(12322) 1992 QW31 August 1992list
(12377) 1994 PP11 August 1994list
12665 Chriscarson6 November 1978list[A]
12668 Scottstarin25 June 1979list[A]
12669 Emilybrisnehan25 June 1979list[A]
(12700) 1990 FH23 March 1990list
(12756) 1993 QE119 August 1993list
(12763) 1993 UQ219 October 1993list
(12977) 1978 NC10 July 1978list[B]
12980 Pruetz6 November 1978list[A]
12981 Tracicase7 November 1978list[A]
12982 Kaseybond25 June 1979list[A]
13018 Geoffjames10 April 1988list
(13019) 1988 NW10 July 1988list
(13030) 1989 PF9 August 1989list[L]
(13042) 1990 QE18 August 1990list
(13068) 1991 RL14 September 1991list
(13481) 1978 VM116 November 1978list[A]
(13581) 1993 QX419 August 1993list
(13593) 1994 NF14 July 1994list
(13909) 1978 VD87 November 1978list[A]
13910 Iranolt25 June 1979list[A]
(13924) 1986 PE11 August 1986list
(13935) 1989 EE4 March 1989list
(13936) 1989 HC30 April 1989list
(13938) 1989 RP15 September 1989list
13943 Hankgreen26 April 1990list
(13958) 1991 DY19 February 1991list
13980 Neuhauser2 July 1992list
(14039) 1995 KZ128 May 1995list
(14321) 1978 VT97 November 1978list[A]
NameDiscovery DateListing
(14323) 1979 MV125 June 1979list[A]
(14324) 1979 MK625 June 1979list[A]
(14325) 1979 MM625 June 1979list[A]
(14362) 1988 MH16 June 1988list
(14370) 1988 VR212 November 1988list
(14373) 1989 LT3 June 1989list
14395 Tommorgan15 October 1990list
(14402) 1991 DB18 February 1991list
14799 Mitchschulte25 June 1979list[A]
(14800) 1979 MP425 June 1979list[A]
(14857) 1989 TT1 October 1989list
(14858) 1989 UW327 October 1989list
(14863) 1990 OK18 July 1990list
(14890) 1991 VG34 November 1991list
(15205) 1978 VC47 November 1978list[A]
(15206) 1978 VJ66 November 1978list[A]
(15208) 1979 MW125 June 1979list[A]
(15209) 1979 ML225 June 1979list[A]
(15210) 1979 MU225 June 1979list[A]
(15211) 1979 MW325 June 1979list[A]
(15317) 1993 HW123 April 1993list
(15327) 1993 RA314 September 1993list
(15704) 1987 SE720 September 1987list[L]
(15717) 1990 BL121 January 1990list
(15721) 1990 OV19 July 1990list
(15778) 1993 NH15 July 1993list
(15784) 1993 QZ20 August 1993list
15822 Genefahnestock8 October 1994list
(16359) 1978 VO47 November 1978list[A]
(16360) 1978 VY57 November 1978list[A]
(16361) 1979 MS125 June 1979list[A]
(16362) 1979 MJ425 June 1979list[A]
(16363) 1979 MT425 June 1979list[A]
(16364) 1979 MA525 June 1979list[A]
(16365) 1979 MK525 June 1979list[A]
(16366) 1979 ME725 June 1979list[A]
(16397) 1982 JS215 May 1982list[B]
(16446) 1989 MH29 June 1989list
(16469) 1990 KR21 May 1990list
(16527) 1991 DH118 February 1991list
16529 Dangoldin9 April 1991list
(16532) 1991 LY14 June 1991list
(16533) 1991 LA114 June 1991list
(16534) 1991 NB110 July 1991list
(16547) 1991 RS77 September 1991list
(16558) 1991 VQ21 November 1991list
(16562) 1992 AV19 January 1992list
16588 Johngee23 September 1992list
16589 Hastrup24 September 1992list
(16635) 1993 QO20 August 1993list
(16636) 1993 QP23 August 1993list[M]
(16659) 1993 UH119 October 1993list
(16681) 1994 EV711 March 1994list
(17355) 1978 NK10 July 1978list[B]
(17363) 1978 VF37 November 1978list[A]
(17364) 1978 VR107 November 1978list[A]
(17365) 1978 VF117 November 1978list[A]
17447 Heindl25 April 1990list
(17478) 1991 LQ13 June 1991list
(17479) 1991 PV913 August 1991list
(17511) 1992 QN29 August 1992list[L]
(17554) 1993 VY9 November 1993list
(17568) 1994 GT811 April 1994list
(17570) 1994 NQ6 July 1994list
(18296) 1978 VW27 November 1978list[A]
(18297) 1978 VG47 November 1978list[A]
(18298) 1979 MZ425 June 1979list[A]
(18299) 1979 MT825 June 1979list[A]
(18332) 1987 ON19 July 1987list
(18333) 1987 OV19 July 1987list
(18336) 1988 LG15 June 1988list
(18338) 1989 EP24 March 1989list
(18348) 1990 BM122 January 1990list
(18366) 1991 DG118 February 1991list
(18369) 1991 LM13 June 1991list
(18416) 1993 QW22 August 1993list
(18437) 1994 JR5 May 1994list
(18439) 1994 LJ19 June 1994list
(19086) 1978 VB37 November 1978list[A]
(19087) 1978 VT47 November 1978list[A]
(19088) 1978 VW47 November 1978list[A]
(19089) 1978 VZ67 November 1978list[A]
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Co-discovery made with:
AS. J. Bus
BE. M. Shoemaker
CG. Grueff
DJ. V. Wall
ER. S. Dunbar
FM. A. Barucci
GB. Roman
HP. D. Wilder
JC. Mikolajczak
KR. Coker
LJ. Alu
MK. J. Lawrence
NJ. B. Child
OL. Lee
PS. Cohen
QS. R. Swanson
RP. Rose

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)".Minor Planet Center. 29 October 2018. Retrieved19 February 2019.
  2. ^Angelo, Joseph A. (2009).Encyclopedia of Space and Astronomy.Infobase Publishing. pp. 56, 65.ISBN 9781438110189. Retrieved31 December 2013.
  3. ^"Eleanor Francis Helin".WITI Hall of Fame. Women in Technology International. Retrieved23 July 2014.
  4. ^Malerbo, Dan (4 March 2010)."Let's Learn About: Dr. Eleanor F. Helin".Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved23 July 2014.
  5. ^abc"The Helin Commemorative Exhibit: Searching the Sky for Dangerous Neighbors".Palomar Observatory.California Institute of Technology. Retrieved23 July 2014.
  6. ^"Eleanor Helin".www.planetary.org. Retrieved16 March 2019.
  7. ^abcLee Siegel (7 February 1993)."20-Year Quest Makes Astronomer No. 1 in Finding Doomsday Asteroids : Space: Eleanor (Glo) Helin has spent decades showing why it is important to seek out what was once called 'the vermin of astronomy.' The thrill of the hunt is what spurs her on".Los Angeles Times. Retrieved26 August 2019.
  8. ^abcLori Ferguson (15 May 2017)."Guardians of the galaxy".Occidental Magazine. Spring 2017:30–31.
  9. ^abc"Eleanor Helin Exhibit".www.astro.caltech.edu. Retrieved16 March 2019.
  10. ^"Helin Commemorative Workshop: Near Earth Asteroids".Caltech Optical Observatories. California Institute of Technology. Retrieved12 April 2018.
  11. ^abSchmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(3267) Glo".Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (3267) Glo.Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 272.doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_3268.ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  12. ^"MPC/MPO/MPS Archive".Minor Planet Center. Retrieved14 April 2018.
  13. ^"Eleanor Francis Helin". WITI. Retrieved26 August 2019.

External links

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