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| Eid Mubarak | |
 Eid Mubarak calligraphy | |
| Arabic | عيد مبارك |
|---|---|
| Romanization | ʿīd mubārak |
| Literal meaning | "blessed feast/festival" |
Eid Mubarak (Arabic:عِيد مُبَارَك,romanized: ʿīd mubārak) is anArabic phrase that means "blessed feast or festival".[1] The term is used byMuslims all over the world as a greeting to celebrateEid al-Fitr (which marks the end ofRamadan) andEid al-Adha (which is in the month ofDhu al-Hijjah).[2][3] This exchange of greetings is a cultural tradition and not part of any religious obligation.[4][5]
There are numerous other greetings forEid al-Adha andEid al-Fitr throughout theMuslim world. The companions ofMuhammad used to say to each other inArabic when they met on Eid al-Fitr:Taqabbalallâhu minnâ wa minkum (which means "[May] God accept from us and you [our fasts and deeds]"). Throughout the Muslim world, variations in Eid greetings exist.[6]
Arab Muslims use the term Eid Mubarak and have some other ways to wish a happy holiday. Some Arabs also add "kul 'am wantum bikhair" (كل عام و أنتم بخير), which means "May you be well with every passing year". There is another common term in the states around thePersian Gulf, which is "Minal Aidin wal Faizin" (من العايدين والفايزين), an Arab sentence meaning "May we be sacred [one more time] and may we succeed [in our fasting]", and the reply will be "Minal Maqbulin wal Ghanmin" (من المقبولين والغانمين), which means "May [our good deeds] be accepted [by God] and may we win [the paradise]".[note 1]
Persian speakers (Iranians, Afghans and Tajiks) use the phrasePersian:عید شما مبارک,romanized: eid-e shoma mobarak orPersian:عید مبارک,romanized: eid mobarak for short.
Kurds have different ways of saying "Eid Mubarak", such as: "Jazhin piroz" (Sorani Kurdish:جەژن پیرۆز,romanized: Cejin pîroz, which means 'Happy Eid'), or "Jazhin ba xoshi" (Sorani Kurdish:جەژن بەخۆشی,romanized: Cejin be xoşî, means 'Eid comes happily') inSorani;[7] "Eid-a wa piroz be" (Kurmanji Kurdish:عیدا وە پیرۆزبە,romanized: 'Eida we pîroz be, which means 'Happy Eid to you') or "Jazhn-a we piroz" (Kurmanji Kurdish:جەژنا وە پیرۆز,romanized: Cejina we pîroz, means 'May your Eid be blessed') inKurmanji. The phrase "Eid mubarak" is not used inSorani, only "Eid" is sometimes used inKurmanji.
Bosnian Muslims andSerbian Muslims commonly say "Bajram Šerif mubarek olsun"; the response is "Allah razi olsun". Another common Eid greeting by Bosnian Muslims is "Bajram barećula".
InTurkey andAzerbaijan, Turks wish each other happy Eid with Turkish phrases including:Bayramınız kutlu olsun ("May your Eid be blessed"),İyi Bayramlar ("Good Eid days"), andBayramınız mübarek olsun ("May our Eid be blessed"). The phrase "Eid Mubarak" is not used.
InIndia,Pakistan andBangladesh, people say Eid Mubarak wishes by shaking hands and hugging them three times, followed by a handshake one more time after theSalat al Eid.
Urdu speakers, traditionally, only start saying the greeting after the Eid prayer. However, newer generations typically resort to saying the greeting at midnight of the Eid day, traditionally replied with "Khair Mubarak" (Urdu:خیر مبارک). "Āp ko bhi Eid Mubarak" (Urdu:آپ کو بھی عید مبارک,lit. 'Eid Mubarak to you as well') is a rising alternative response among the newer urban generations.
Pashto speakers (mainlyPashtun people fromKhyber Pakhtunkhwa province and easternAfghanistan) also use the Eid greeting "May your festival be blessed" (Pashto:اختر دې مبارک شه,romanized: akhtar de mubarak sha).
Balochi speakers (mainlyBaloch people fromBalochistan province andIran'sSistan and Baluchestan Province) also use the Eid greeting "May your Eid be blessed" (Balochi:عید تر مبارک با,romanized: aied tara mubarak ba).
Brahui speakers may also use the Eid greeting "Have a blessed Eid" (Brahui:عید نے مبارک مارے,romanized: aied ne mubarak mare).
Punjabi speakers (mainlyPunjabis from thePunjab province in Pakistan and thePunjab state in India) also use the Eid greeting "Eid's Congratulations" (Punjabi:عید دیاں ودھائیاں,romanized: īd diyā̃ vadhāiyā̃).
ManyBangladeshi Muslims may also use the phrase "Eid Mubarak" or "Eid greeting, "Eid's Greetings" (Bengali:ঈদের শুভেচ্ছা,romanized: Eider Shubhechchha).
Muslims in countries such asIndonesia and theMalay language-speaking populations ofMalaysia,Brunei, andSingapore use the expression "Selamat Hari Raya" or "Selamat Idul Fitri" (Indonesian) or "Salam Aidilfitri" (Malay). This expression is usually accompanied by the popular expression "Minal Aidin wal Faizin," an Arab sentence meaning "May we be sacred one more time and succeed in our fasting". It is a quotation from a poem written byShafiyuddin Al-Huli during the timeMuslims ruled inAl-Andalus.
In thePhilippines, it is recognized as a legal holiday, though the Arabic greeting of Eid Mubarak has gained traction only recently. The traditional greeting ofMuslims in thePhilippines resembles that of the neighboring Malay-speaking world. This is namely "Salamat Hariraya Puwasa" (Selamat Hari Raya Puasa) forEid al-Fitr, and "Salamat Hariraya Hadji" (Selamat Hari Raya Hajji) forEid al-Adha.
TheHausa language, originally fromNorthern Nigeria andNiger, is widely spoken amongMuslims throughoutWestern Africa. Their equivalent Eid greetings in Hausa is "Barka da Sallah," which translates to "blessed Eid prayers."
InMali, one greeting used inBambara onEid al-Adha is "Sanbɛɛ-sanbɛɛ." This greeting is similarly used by countries that have majorityManding-speaking peoples, anotherlingua franca spoken byMuslims inWestern Africa region, or were once part of the historicMali Empire.
"Ni ti yuun' palli" is the Eid greeting amongDagbanli and Kusaase speakers inGhana. It means "Happy new Eid season". The Hausa greetingBarka da Sallah is also commonly used during the period.
Muslims in countries inLatin America use the expressionFeliz Eid (Spanish).
Muslims inAlbania andKosovo use the greetings "Urime festa e fitër Bajramit/Urime kurban bajrami".
