Style of world architecture
Belfast City Hall , an example of Edwardian Baroque architecture or "Wrenaissance", inNorthern Ireland Edwardian architecture usually refers to aNeo-Baroque architectural style that was popular for public buildings in theBritish Empire during theEdwardian era (1901–1910). Architecture up to 1914 is commonly included in this style.[ 1]
It can also be used to mean various styles in middle-class housing, including relaxed versions ofArts and Crafts architecture .
Edwardian architecture is generally less ornate than high or lateVictorian architecture ,[ 2]
Masonic Temple,Aberdeen ,Scotland built in 1910. TheVictorian Society campaigns to preserve architecture built between 1837 and 1914, and so includes Edwardian as well as Victorian architecture within its remit.[ 3]
The characteristic features of the Edwardian Baroque style were drawn from two main sources: the architecture of France during the 18th century and that of SirChristopher Wren inEngland during the 17th—part of theEnglish Baroque (for this reason Edwardian Baroque is sometimes referred to as "Wrenaissance ").Sir Edwin Lutyens was a major exponent, designing many commercial buildings in what he termed 'the Grand Style' during the later 1910s and 1920s. This period of British architectural history is considered a particularly retrospective one, since it is contemporary withArt Nouveau .
Typical details of Edwardian Baroque architecture include extensiverustication , usually more extreme at ground level, often running into and exaggerating thevoussoirs of arched openings (derived from French models); domed corner rooftop pavilions and a central taller tower-like element creating a lively rooftop silhouette; revivedItalian Baroque elements such as exaggeratedkeystones , segmental archedpediments , columns with engaged blocks, attached block-like rustication to window surrounds;colonnades of (sometimespaired ) columns in theIonic order and domed towers modelled closely on Wren's for theRoyal Naval College inGreenwich . Some Edwardian Baroque buildings include details from other sources, such as theDutch gables ofNorman Shaw 'sPiccadilly Hotel inLondon .
Edwardian houses inSutton ,Greater London , England Catts Farm,Kingsclere , Newbury, design by H. Launcelot Fedden (1869–1910), as seen inThe Building News , July 31, 1908. Other characteristics include:
Colour: lighter colours were used; the use of gas and later electric lights caused designers to be less concerned about the need to disguise soot buildup on walls compared toVictorian era architecture.[ 2] Patterns: "Decorative patterns were less complex; both wallpaper and curtain designs were more plain."[ 2] Clutter: "There was less clutter than in theVictorian era . Ornaments were perhaps grouped rather than everywhere." Architectural influences [ edit ] 53 King Street , built for Lloyds Bank during 1915.Lancaster House, Manchester , built during 1910.Admiralty Arch , London (1912)Albert Hall , Manchester (1910)Albert Hall , Nottingham (1910)Arding & Hobbs , London (1910)Ashton Memorial , Lancaster, byJohn Belcher (1909)Asia House , Manchester (1909)Australia House , London (1918)Belfast City Hall , Belfast, byBrumwell Thomas (1906)Blythe House , London, byHenry Tanner (1903)Bridgewater House , Manchester (1912)Cardiff City Hall , Cardiff, byHenry Vaughan Lanchester ,Edwin Alfred Rickards & James A. Stewart, (1906)Cardiff Crown Court , Cardiff, byHenry Vaughan Lanchester ,Edwin Alfred Rickards & James A. Stewart, (1906)Central Criminal Court (Old Bailey) , London, byEdward William Mountford (1902–07)County Hall , London (1922)Electric Cinema , London (1910)Government Offices Great George Street , London, by John Brydon, (1908–17)Granton Gasworks railway station (1902)Hanover Building , Manchester (1909)Hove Library ,Hove (1907–08)[ 5] India House , Manchester (1906)Laing Art Gallery , Newcastle upon Tyne (1904)Lancaster House , Manchester (1910)London Road Fire and Police Station , Manchester (1906)Lloyds Bank on King Street, Manchester byCharles Heathcote (1915)Manchester Victoria station , Manchester (1909)Marylebone station , London. (1899)Midland Bank head office building , London byEdwin Lutyens (1922)Mitchell Library , Glasgow, William B Whitie (1906–11)Municipal Technical Institute, a.k.a. Blackman Tech, Belfast (1906)[ 6] Nottingham railway station , Nottingham (1904)163 North Street , Brighton (1904)[ 7] Port of Liverpool Building , Liverpool, bySir Arnold Thornely , F.B. Hobbs, Briggs and Wolstenholme (1903–07)Ralli Hall , Hove (1913)[ 8] Royal School of Mines building , London (1913)St. James Buildings , Manchester (1912)South Shields Town Hall, South Shields (1905–10)Stockport Town Hall , Stockport, byBrumwell Thomas (1908)War Office , London (1906)Westminster Central Hall , byHenry Vaughan Lanchester ,Edwin Alfred Rickards & James A. Stewart, London (1911)Department of Education Building ,Sydney Flinders Street station ,Melbourne An Edwardian residence inSouth Yarra ,Melbourne Lands Administration Building ,Brisbane (1905)Queen Victoria Hospital, Melbourne (main pavilion, now Queen Victoria Women's Centre, (1910–1916)Commonwealth Offices, Treasury Place,Melbourne Central railway station, Sydney (1906)Department of Education Building , Sydney (1912)[ 9] General Post Office, Hobart (1905)Flinders Street railway station , Melbourne (1909)Sydney Hospital , Sydney (1894)State Library of New South Wales , Sydney (1905–1910)Art Gallery of New South Wales (1897–1909)Thomas Walker Convalescent Hospital Buildings, Sydney (1893)Taronga Zoo ,Sydney (1916)Adelaide railway station (1926)Perth Institute of Contemporary Arts (1896)His Majesty's Theatre, Perth (1904)Former Bank of Australasia, Sydney (1904)ASN Co Building , Sydney (1885)Prahran Market , Melbourne (1891)Downing Centre , Sydney (1908)Santa Sabina College , Sydney (1894)Railway Institute Building , Sydney (1898)City Baths, Melbourne (1904)Old Museum Building, Brisbane (1891)Registrar-General's building, Sydney (1913)Exchange Hotel, Kalgoorlie (1900)People's Palace, Brisbane (1901)Observer Hotel , Sydney (1908)International House, Sydney (1913)York Hotel, Kalgoorlie (1901)Hotel Macdonald The Empress Hotel Birkbeck Building ,Toronto Château Laurier ,Ottawa Confederation Building ,Winnipeg Digby Pines ,Digby Dominion Building ,Vancouver Flavelle House , TorontoFlatiron Building (Lacombe, Alberta) , LacombeFord Motor Company of Canada warehouse,Calgary [ 10] Fort Garry Hotel , WinnipegHotel Macdonald ,Edmonton King Edward Hotel , TorontoPalliser Hotel , CalgaryPost Office (now part ofSinclair Centre ), Vancouver Sun Tower , VancouverThe Empress ,Victoria Thunder Bay Historical Museum ,Thunder Bay Victoria City Kowloon Government Buildings nearMerrion Square ,Dublin Penang City Hall inPenang City Hall ,George Town ,Penang (1903)Second floor extension toTown Hall , George Town, Penang (1903) Former Government Offices (now State Islamic Council building) , George Town, Penang (1907)Federated Malay States railway station/Malayan Railways building (Wisma Kastam ) , George Town, Penang byArthur Benison Hubback (1909)George Town Dispensary/Wisma Yeap Chor Ee , George Town, Penang (1922)Ipoh Town Hall and former General Post Office,Ipoh ,Perak (1916) Railway station inIpoh ,Perak by Arthur Benison Hubback (1917 to 1935)Former State Secretariat (State Library),Seremban ,Negeri Sembilan (1912) ^ Long, Helen C. (1993),The Edwardian House: The Middle-class Home in Britain, 1880-1914 Manchester University Press ^a b c d e f g "Bricks & Brass: Edwardian Style" .Bricksandbrass.co.uk . Retrieved2016-10-25 .^ "What we do" . The Victorian Society. Retrieved2016-10-25 .^ Evans, Ian (1999) [1986].The Federation House . Mullumbimby, NSW: Flannel Flower Press. p. 8.ISBN 1-875253-11-4 ^ Antram, Nicholas;Pevsner, Nikolaus (2013).Sussex: East with Brighton and Hove .The Buildings of England . London: Yale University Press. p. 247.ISBN 978-0-300-18473-0 ^ "History of the College - About Us - Belfast Met" .^ Antram, Nicholas; Morrice, Richard (2008).Brighton and Hove . Pevsner Architectural Guides. London: Yale University Press. p. 165.ISBN 978-0-300-12661-7 ^ Historic England ."Ralli Memorial Hall, walls and railings, Denmark Villas, Hove (Grade II) (1298671)" .National Heritage List for England . Retrieved6 March 2013 .^ "Department of Education Building" .NSW State Heritage Register Office of Environment & Heritage ,Government of New South Wales . 9 February 2015. Retrieved30 December 2016 .^ "Inventory of Evaluated Historic Resources - Ford Motor Company of Canada Warehouse" . Archived from the original on 2022-02-03. Retrieved2022-02-03 .{{cite web }}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link )Gray, A. S.,Edwardian Architecture: a Biographical Dictionary (1985). Long, H.,The Edwardian House: the Middle-Class Home in Britain 1880–1914 (1993). Hockman, H.,[clarification needed Service, A.,Edwardian Architecture: Edwardian House Style Handbook (2007) David & CharlesISBN 0-7153-2780-1 (1977) Thames & HudsonISBN 0-500-18158-6
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