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E. W. Scripps | |
|---|---|
 A newspaper image of E. W. Scripps, c. 1912 | |
| Born | Edward Willis Scripps (1854-06-18)June 18, 1854 Rushville, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | March 12, 1926(1926-03-12) (aged 71) Monrovia, Liberia |
| Occupation(s) | Publisher, publishing magnate |
| Years active | 1878–1926 |
| Known for | Founder ofThe E. W. Scripps Company, (1878) Scripps Institution of Oceanography, (1907) United Press International, (1908; later known as "UPI News Service") "Science Service", (1921; later known as "Society for Science & the Public") |
| Spouse | Nackie Benson Holtsinger (1866–1930) |
| Children | James George Scripps (1886–1921) John Paul Holtsinger Scripps (1889–1914) Dolla Blair Scripps (1890–1954) Edward MacLean Scripps (1891–1898) Robert Paine Scripps (1895–1938) NackeyScripps Meanley (1898–1981) |
| Parent(s) | James Mogg Scripps Julia Adeline Osborne |
| Relatives | James E. Scripps, (1835–1906; half-brother) Ellen Browning Scripps, (1836–1932; half-sister) Samuel H. Scripps, (1927–2007; grandson) |
Edward Willis Scripps (June 18, 1854 – March 12, 1926) was an American newspaper publisher. He and his sisterEllen Browning Scripps founded theE. W. Scripps Company, today a diversified media conglomerate, as well as the United Press news service (which becameUnited Press International (UPI) whenInternational News Service (INS) merged with United Press in 1958). TheE. W. Scripps School of Journalism atOhio University is named for him.
E. W. Scripps was born and raised inRushville, Illinois, to James Mogg Scripps from London, and Julia Adeline Osborne (third wife) from New York.
E. W., as with many businessmen of his day, went by his initials rather than writing out his first and middle name. He often signed his middle name as "Wyllis".[1]
E. W. was a prolific consumer of whisky and cigars, according to his confidential assistant Gilson Gardner, and was said to drink a gallon (3.79 L) each day while bearing a lit cigar at all waking hours.[2][3]
Both E. W. and his half-sisterEllen worked with his older half-brother,James when he foundedThe Detroit News in 1873. E. W. started as an office boy at the paper. In 1878, with loans from his half-brothers, E. W. went on to foundThe Penny Press (later theCleveland Press) inCleveland. With financial support from sister Ellen, he went on to begin or acquire some 25 newspapers. This was the beginning of a media empire that is now theE. W. Scripps Company.
In 1907, Scripps createdUnited Press Associations, now United Press International (UPI), from smaller regional news services. Scripps later said "I regard my life's greatest service to the people of this country to be the creation of the United Press", to provide competition to theAssociated Press.[4]
Scripps believed in editorial independence, stating:
A newspaper fairly and honestly conducted in the interests of the great masses of the public must at all times antagonize the selfish interests of that very class [the advertisers] which furnishes the larger part of a newspaper's income. It must occasionally so antagonize this class as to cause it not only to cease patronage, to a greater or lesser extent, but to make actually offensive warfare against the newspaper.[5]
In 1898, he finished building a home inSan Diego, where his half-sister lived nearby,[6] thinking that the dry, warm climate would help his lifelongallergic rhinitis. He built it as a winter home to escape the cold ofWest Chester (Butler County), Ohio, but eventually lived there year-round, and conducted his newspaper business from the ranch. His ranch encompassed what is today the community ofScripps Ranch as well asMarine Corps Air Station Miramar.
In 1903, he and his half-sister Ellen were the founding donors ofScripps Institution of Oceanography. Initially, Scripps was reluctant to support the venture, thinking scientists could not be businesslike. However, he developed a deep friendship with the scientific director,William Emerson Ritter, and together they began to plan projects for the Institute. As the Institute started to succeed, he became an enthusiastic supporter and took a great interest in its work.
In 1921, Scripps founded Science Service, later named theSociety for Science & the Public, with the goal of keeping the public informed of scientific achievements.Scripps College is also named in honor of his half-sister, Ellen Browning Scripps, because a large part of its endowment derives from the media fortune they had built.
Scripps died at the age of 71 on March 12, 1926, onboard his yachtOhio as it lay anchored in Monrovia Bay,Liberia.[7]
Among his descendants was Charles E. Scripps (1920 – 2007),chairman of the board of the E. W. Scripps Company, under whose leadership the company was transformed from a family-owned newspaper publisher into a majorpublicly traded media company with major cable television operations.
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