Eden, North Carolina | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Seal | |
| Nickname: Land of 2 Rivers | |
| Motto(s): "Small Town, Big Outdoors" | |
 Location of Eden, North Carolina | |
| Coordinates:36°30′10″N79°44′29″W / 36.50278°N 79.74139°W /36.50278; -79.74139 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  North Carolina |
| County | Rockingham |
| incorporated | September 12, 1967 |
| Government | |
| • Type | City Council |
| • Mayor | Neville Hall |
| • City Manager | Jon Mendenhall |
| Area | |
• Total | 14.38 sq mi (37.24 km2) |
| • Land | 14.22 sq mi (36.83 km2) |
| • Water | 0.16 sq mi (0.41 km2) |
| Elevation | 633 ft (193 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 15,421 |
| • Rank | 70th in North Carolina |
| • Density | 1,084.5/sq mi (418.72/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| ZIP codes | 27288-27289 |
| Area code | 336 |
| FIPS code | 37-20080[3] |
| GNIS feature ID | 2403539[2] |
| Website | www |
Eden is a city inRockingham County in theU.S. state ofNorth Carolina and is part of theGreensboro-High Point Metropolitan Statistical Area of thePiedmont Triad region. As of the2020 census, the population was 15,405.[4] From the late nineteenth century through much of the 20th, the city was a center of textile mills and manufacturing. The city was incorporated in 1967 through the consolidation of three towns: Leaksville, Spray, and Draper.[5][6]
By the mid-eighteenth century, the territory of present-day Eden was within a 70,000-acre (280 km2)estate owned byWilliam Byrd II, aplanter ofVirginia and North Carolina. He originally called his estate "The Land of Eden".[7]
During the last years of his life, William Byrd II dreamed of bringing large numbers of Swiss Protestants to the "Land of Eden"; he eventually acquired more than 100,000 acres (400 km2) in Virginia. He envisioned an industrious, self-sufficient colony that would thrive on the abundance of the frontier. Byrd's dream was not to be realized. After years of negotiations, at least one boatload of Swiss did sail for "The Land of Eden" from Europe, but it was shipwrecked in a December gale off the coast of Virginia. None of the few survivors are believed to have reached Eden. Byrd died August 26, 1744. By that time, the "Land of Eden" began to be surrounded by small farms held by a wave of poorScotch-Irish immigrants, whom Byrd had compared to the "Goths and Vandals."[citation needed][8]
"Eden" was inherited by William Byrd III, who shared none of his father's dreams of colonization. Young Byrd married Elizabeth Hill Carter in 1748. He sought to dispose of Eden to gain cash to support his grand lifestyle. He was finally successful on November 8, 1755, when he sold 26,000 acres (110 km2) in North Carolina to Simon and Francis Farley, two merchant brothers from the island ofAntigua. By this time, yeoman settlement in the area was increasing at a considerable pace. The Farley brothers attempted to create plantations on some of the richest acres, but more frequently, settlers squatted on the land and built homesteads. In 1762 James Parke Farley, son of Francis Farley, went to Williamsburg to attend theCollege of William and Mary. He married Elizabeth Hill Byrd, daughter of William Byrd III and Elizabeth Hill Carter.[citation needed]
Many later settlers migrating to the Dan River Area knew little of William Byrd. They were familiar with an old Indian village in the area near Town Creek and the Farley holdings. This location became the center of settlement, and the 26,000 acres (110 km2) came to be called the Sauratown tract. In 1775, James Parke Farley and his new bride moved from cosmopolitanWilliamsburg, Virginia, to Sauratown.[citation needed]
In the century that Sauratown was in existence, many families settled in the "Land of Eden", and their descendants have stayed in the area, including the Brodnax, Dillard, Ruffin, Morehead, Henry, and Winston families. Many Scots also settled in the area, including the Galloway, Scales, Watt, Lenox, Campbell, and Moir families. Other notable residents of the county include GeneralLighthorse Harry Lee.[citation needed]
Following previous unsuccessful referendums, on September 12, 1967, residents of Leaksville, Draper, Spray, and the unincorporated Meadows Greens Sanitary District voted to consolidate their communities, 2,252 to 1,753 with 60 percent of eligible voters participating. Of these, 784 elected to call the new city Eden,a term surveyorWilliam Byrd II had used to describe the region in the 1700s. The consolidation took immediate effect, and Eden became the largest city in Rockingham County.[9]
In the late 1990s and early 2000s the local economy suffered due to the closure of several textile mills, an anticipated byproduct of theNorth American Free Trade Agreement. Fieldcrest Cannon laid off hundreds of corporate staff in the 1990s, Pluma closed its plant in 1999, Spray Cotton Mills closed its yarn mill in 2001, and Pillowtex folded in 2003. Some former workers moved to larger cities in search of jobs.[11] The decline of textiles left theMiller Brewing Company facility the town's flagship industry, but it announced its closure in 2015. The loss of the brewery and the textile mills had a knock-off effect on local retail stores, many of which closed due to the loss of customers and competition from national chains such asWalmart.[12]
On the third weekend of September; Eden hosts the annual River Fest each year to celebrate Eden's history. TheBoone Road Historic District,Bullard-Ray House,Cascade Plantation,Central Leaksville Historic District,Dempsey-Reynolds-Taylor House,First Baptist Church,Dr. Franklin King House-Idlewild,Leaksville Commercial Historic District,Leaksville-Spray Institute,Lower Sauratown Plantation,Mt. Sinai Baptist Church,Site 31RK1,Spray Industrial Historic District,St. Luke's Episcopal Church,Tanyard Shoal Sluice,Three Ledges Shoal Sluice, andWide Mouth Shoal Sluice are listed on theNational Register of Historic Places.[13]
TheSmith and theDan River have their confluence on the south side of Eden. The Dan River flows along Eden's southern border while the Smith River flows from the north bisecting the city on its route to meet the Dan River.Greensboro is 36 miles (58 kilometers) to the south,[14]Reidsville is 15 mi (24 km) southeast viaNC 14[15]High Point is 45 miles (72 km) south[16] andDanville, Virginia is 26 mi (42 km) northeast of the city.[17]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.2 square miles (39 km2), of which, 15.0 square miles (39 km2) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km2) of it (1.12%) is water.
| Climate data for Eden, North Carolina (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 49.2 (9.6) | 52.9 (11.6) | 61.0 (16.1) | 71.2 (21.8) | 77.9 (25.5) | 85.2 (29.6) | 88.9 (31.6) | 86.5 (30.3) | 80.7 (27.1) | 71.5 (21.9) | 60.6 (15.9) | 51.7 (10.9) | 69.8 (21.0) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 38.0 (3.3) | 40.7 (4.8) | 47.3 (8.5) | 57.2 (14.0) | 65.5 (18.6) | 73.3 (22.9) | 77.3 (25.2) | 75.7 (24.3) | 69.1 (20.6) | 58.5 (14.7) | 47.2 (8.4) | 40.4 (4.7) | 57.5 (14.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 26.7 (−2.9) | 28.6 (−1.9) | 33.6 (0.9) | 43.2 (6.2) | 53.2 (11.8) | 61.3 (16.3) | 65.7 (18.7) | 64.8 (18.2) | 57.6 (14.2) | 45.5 (7.5) | 33.7 (0.9) | 29.1 (−1.6) | 45.3 (7.4) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 3.83 (97) | 3.09 (78) | 3.90 (99) | 3.91 (99) | 4.17 (106) | 4.49 (114) | 4.08 (104) | 4.42 (112) | 4.70 (119) | 3.72 (94) | 3.30 (84) | 3.50 (89) | 47.11 (1,195) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 1.6 (4.1) | 1.2 (3.0) | 0.4 (1.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.3 (3.3) | 4.5 (11.4) |
| Source: NOAA[18] | |||||||||||||
List of neighborhoods in Eden include[19]
Eden has threedowntown areas, concentrated in the former towns of Leaksville, Spray, and Draper.[20][21][22]
B. Frank Mebane, who had married into the prominent Morehead family, started the first of his six textile mills in the area in 1893.Marshall Field took over the company in 1912 and named it Fieldcrest. The company made textile products that included bedding: sheets and blankets. It employed more than 3000 people. After taking overCannon Mills in 1986, the company became known asFieldcrest Cannon; it later moved its headquarters and 110 employees toKannapolis, North Carolina. Changes and restructuring were affecting the textile industry throughout the South, as companies moved manufacturing operations to areas with cheaper labor, including offshore.[23][24][25]
In 1997 Fieldcrest Cannon was sold toPillowtex. Pillowtex closed its Eden plants in 2003, laying off the last 495 textile workers.[26][27]
Miller Brewing Company ran a brewery in Eden into the early 21st century. In 2012 it still employed nearly seven hundred people, and produced nine million barrels annually.[28] Miller announced in 2015 that it was shutting down the brewery by September 2016.[29] In September 2020, it was announcedNestle Purina will move into the old MillerCoors facility and will open in 2022.[30]
In 1980, the Eden Mall, an approximately 400,000 square feet shopping center, was constructed. The mall began to decline in the late 1990s when itsKmart store closed. More stores began to shut down, culminating in the departures ofPeebles in 2008 andBelk in 2015. The mall's physical condition deteriorated over the following years. It was sold in 2013 and subsequently leased out to local businesses.[31] In the late 2010s, the mall gained media attention and became an example of a "Dead mall" due to lack of stores in the mall and had no anchors left,[32] the mall closed to the public in early 2020s.
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 3,382 | — | |
| 1970 | 15,871 | 369.3% | |
| 1980 | 15,672 | −1.3% | |
| 1990 | 15,238 | −2.8% | |
| 2000 | 15,908 | 4.4% | |
| 2010 | 15,527 | −2.4% | |
| 2020 | 15,421 | −0.7% | |
| 2022 (est.) | 15,325 | [33] | −0.6% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[34] | |||
| Race | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| White (non-Hispanic) | 9,400 | 60.96% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 3,952 | 25.63% |
| Native American | 62 | 0.4% |
| Asian | 147 | 0.95% |
| Pacific Islander | 4 | 0.03% |
| Other/Mixed | 700 | 4.54% |
| Hispanic orLatino | 1,156 | 7.5% |
As of the2020 United States census, there were 15,421 people, 6,581 households, and 3,976 families residing in the city.
As of thecensus[3] of 2000, there were 15,908 people, 6,644 households, and 4,371 families residing in the city. Thepopulation density was 1,060.1 people per square mile (409.3 people/km2). There were 7,368 housing units at an average density of 491.0 per square mile (189.6/km2). The racial composition of the city was: 75.43%White, 22.15%Black orAfrican American, 2.34%Hispanic orLatino American, 0.31%Asian American, 0.21%Native American, 0.06%Native Hawaiian orOther Pacific Islander, 1.03%some other race, and 0.81%two or more races.
There were 6,644 households, out of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.0% weremarried couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.2% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.90.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.0 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there were 79.4 men.
The median income for a household in the city was $27,670, and the median income for a family was $35,259. Males had a median income of $29,443 versus $21,797 for females. Theper capita income for the city was $15,275. About 13.9% of families and 17.2% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 22.6% of those under age 18 and 16.6% of those age 65 or over.
The city has three elementary schools, one middle school, and one high school.
The City of Eden operates under an Council/Manager form type of government. Elected officials include the mayor, electedat-large, and seven council members.[42] The Mayor andCity Council serve for a term of Four years. TheMayor is the presiding officer and does not vote if the vote is tied. The Eden City Council meets on the third Tuesday of every month.[43]
On November 12, 2017, Neville Hall took the office of mayor.[44]
Current council members
For the119th United States Congress,North Carolina's 5th congressional district is represented byVirginia Foxx (R). Eden is also represented by one member in theNorth Carolina House of Representatives,Reece Pyrtle (R-65th), and one member in theNorth Carolina Senate,Phil Berger (R-26th).[45]
TheLeaksville-Draper-Spray Triplets was a formerMinor League Baseball team combined from three separate towns in North Carolina. The team played from 1934 through 1942 in theBi-State League, winning the championship titles in 1935 and 1942 seasons. It was the Affiliate team for various current and formerMajor League Baseball teams such as, theChicago Cubs,Cleveland Guardians, andBrooklyn Dodgers.[46]
The city contains the following parks:[47]
Eden is provided service byPiedmont Triad International Airport located in nearbyGreensboro, North Carolina andShiloh Airport located inStoneville, North Carolina.[48] Highways serving Eden includeUS 311,NC 14,NC 87,NC 135,NC 700, andNC 770. The nearest Interstates to Eden areI-73,I-40,I-85, from closest to furthest. Closest major highway to the city isUS 220 / Future I-73, which intersects NC 770 in Stoneville, and NC 135 in Madison.
Each year in September Eden host its annual Fall Riverfest, which celebrates the city's art, history, and river heritage.[49] It is located in the "old" Leaksville shopping district on Washington Street, the oldest downtown street since 1917.[50] Others include: Charlie Poole Music festival, which features music legends such as, Mike Seeger and the Osbourne brothers.[51] The Eden chamber of commerce created the Eden Business Expo, as a venue for local businesses to present career opportunities, products, and services.[52]
On September 19, 2009, the museum was officially opened.[53] In 2010, the exhibits were completed. The museum is an initiative of the Eden Preservation Society. The museum reflects on the city's history from the consolidation of Leaksville, Spray, and Draper, Triassic period, Saura Indians, William Byrd, Civil War, World Wars, the Korean War and much more.[54]
The Smith River Greenway is a walking trail consisted with theSmith River that is 1.5 miles long extending along the Eden FamilyYMCA located on Kennedy street and Island ford landing filled with plenty of interesting plants and wildlife found in the trail. From a circumference view the Greenway can cross the smith river on Meadow road. Local parking, picnic shelters, and restroom facilities are offered at the trailhead for visiting tourist. The city's next plan for the Greenway is to extend the trail towards the Spray dam.
Eden was featured in "The Amelia Earhart Story", the season 5 episode of theNetflix animated seriesBoJack Horseman. One of the show's characters,Princess Carolyn, is from Eden and returns to her hometown in seeking an adoption from a local girl.[55]
Rockingham County Schools serves the City of Eden. The Rockingham County School System was established in 1993.[56]
Municipalities and communities ofRockingham County, North Carolina,United States | ||
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