Eat Drink Man Woman
Theatrical release poster
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	飲食男女
Simplified Chinese	饮食男女
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Yǐn shí nán nǚ
Directed by	Ang Lee
Written by	Ang Lee James Schamus Hui-Ling Wang
Produced by	Hsu Li-kong Hsu Kong
Starring	Sihung Lung[N 1] Kuei-mei Yang Chien-lien Wu Yu-wen Wang Winston Chao Ah-Leh Gua Sylvia Chang
Cinematography	Jong Lin
Edited by	Ang Lee Tim Squyres
Music by	Thierry Mader Schollhammer
Production companies	Ang Lee Pictures Central Motion Pictures Good Machine Xiongfa Film Company
Distributed by	Central Motion Pictures (Taiwan) The Samuel Goldwyn Company (United States)
Release dates	July 2, 1994 (1994-07-02) (Taiwan) August 3, 1994 (1994-08-03) (United States)
Running time	123 minutes
Countries	Taiwan United States
Language	Mandarin
Box office	$24.2 million[1]

Eat Drink Man Woman (Chinese:飲食男女) is a 1994comedy-drama film directed byAng Lee, from a script co-written withJames Schamus andHui-Ling Wang.^[2] It starsSihung Lung,Wang Yu-wen,Wu Chien-lien, andYang Kuei-mei^[3] as members of the Zhu family navigating the challenges of love, life, tradition and family. Part of Lee's "Father Knows Best" trilogy^[4] and similar to Lee's other works, this film deals with the transition from tradition to modernity.^[5] It is Lee's only film, to date, to be shot entirely in his nativeTaiwan.

The film premiered in Taiwan on July 2, 1994, and it was both a critical and box office success.^[6] It received several accolades including anAcademy Award nomination forBest Foreign Language Film.^[7] It was also nominated for both aGolden Globe andBAFTA Award, as well as threeGolden Horse Awards and sixIndependent Spirit Awards. It would inspire films likeTortilla Soup andJoyful Reunion^[8] and has an eponymous musical rendition.^[9] ABBC Culture poll of film critics ranked the film at number 54 of the 100 Greatest Non-English Language Films.^[10]

The title is a quote from theBook of Rites, one of the Confucian classics, referring to the basic human desires and accepting them as natural. The beginning of the quote reads as follows: “The things which men greatly desire are comprehended in food and drink and sexual pleasure.”^[a][11]

On a Sunday evening inTaipei, semi-retired chef and widower Zhu prepares a feast for his three daughters. Jia-Jen, the eldest, is a chemistry teacher who devotes herself to Christianity after facing heartbreak from her college ex-boyfriend. The second daughter, Jia-Chien, is an executive at an airline company. She wanted to become a head chef like her father but he claimed that it was not for a woman. Jia-Ning, the youngest, is a college student who works part-time at aWendy's fast food restaurant.

At dinner, Jia-Chien announces that she has invested in a new apartment and will be moving out once construction is complete. Surprisingly, Mr. Zhu approves. Jia-Chien criticizes the flavor, claiming Mr. Zhu's taste is deteriorating. Mr. Zhu dismisses the idea before suddenly rushing off to help his (and Jia-Chien's) long-time friend and "taster", Old Wen, at a banquet. Afterwards, Mr. Zhu wonders with Old Wen if there is anything more to life than eating, drinking, man, and woman. Meanwhile, family friend Jin-Rong stops by the Zhu residence with her daughter Shan-Shan. Jin-Rong vocalizes her difficulties with a messy divorce while being responsible for work, Shan-Shan, and her opinionated mother, Madame Liang, as she returns to Taipei from America. Jia-Jen comforts her while Shan-Shan colors a caricature of Mr. Zhu.

The next morning, Mr. Zhu meets Shan-Shan, learns that the lunches Jin-Rong provides her are suboptimal, and decides to cook for her. Shan-Shan agrees, letting Mr. Zhu eat the lunches her mom made to prevent her from discovering their secret. At school, Jia-Jen meets the new volleyball coach Ming-Dao and they take interest in one another. Jia-Chien meets the chief negotiator Li Kai during a meeting at work and they flirt with one another. She has a chance to relocate to Amsterdam due to a potential promotion. Jia-Ning meets up with Guo-Lun, her friend Rachel's on-and-off boyfriend. As Guo-Lun mopes about his unrequited love, Jia-Ning comforts him, telling him that true love is being with someone he can express his feelings to comfortably, leading Guo-Lun to realize his love for Jia-Ning.

Meanwhile, Old Wen becomes hospitalized. Jia-Jen is fooled by love letters she believes are from Ming-Dao, falling for a prank by her students. Jia-Chien's apartment investment falls through as she discovers that the apartment company went bankrupt and ran away with her savings. She also learns that it was Li Kai who broke Jia-Jen's heart in college and confronts him about it. Li Kai says he never dated Jia-Jen. Jia-Ning faces a dilemma when she begins dating Guo-Lun even after Rachel confesses that she loves him. Mr. Zhu's health deteriorates and secretly visits the hospital, unaware that Jia-Chien saw him while visiting Old Wen. Eventually, Old Wen passes away and Mr. Zhu concludes that his sense of taste has officially departed.

At another Sunday feast, Jia-Chien announces that she will no longer be moving out; Mr. Zhu tells her not to worry. Later, Jia-Ning reveals her relationship with Guo-Lun and her pregnancy. The next dinner, Jia-Jen divulges that she and Ming-Dao have eloped. Jia-Jen and Jia-Ning move out of the residence, leaving Mr. Zhu with Jia-Chien. Troubled, Mr. Zhu begins to confide in and meet Madame Liang, leading the daughters to believe that the two are romantically involved.

Worried about her father's health, Jia-Chien rejects her promotion. Soon, the sisters, their partners, and Jin-Rong's family gather for a large Sunday feast. Mr. Zhu announces his engagement, not to Madame Liang, but to Jin-Rong, also revealing that his visit to the hospital was to show good health to gain Madame Liang's blessing. Madame Liang goes into shock, abruptly ending the dinner. Later, Jia-Ning and Guo-Lun have their baby, Jia-Jen converts Ming-Dao to Christianity, and Mr. Zhu sells the family home and buys a condo with Jin-Rong and Shan-Shan. Jia-Chien, no longer needing to take care of her father, accepts the job in Amsterdam. Before she leaves she prepares a final feast for the family in the family home, but only Mr. Zhu arrives. When Mr. Zhu tastes her cooking he suddenly realizes that his sense of taste has returned. The two hold each other’s hands in the dining room, and call each other “Father” and “Daughter”.

Wei Ming Dariotis and Eileen Fung, authors of "Breaking the Soy Sauce Jar: Diaspora and Displacement in the Films of Ang Lee", wrote that Jia-Jen's story is that of a "spinster turned sensual woman".^[12] They wrote that her Christianity was there "perhaps to match her role as a mother-figure". She suspects Jia-Chien of disapproving of her moral system.^[12] Dariotis and Fung wrote that after Jia-Chien states that she needs not a mother but sister, Jia-Jen "is able to become who she really is with all the complexity that entails" rather than being someone she believed her family needed, with "who she really is" being "a modern, conservative, Christian, sexually aggressive Taiwanese woman".^[12] Desson Howe ofThe Washington Post wrote that of the actresses, Yang was the "most memorable".^[2]

Dariotis and Fung wrote that Jia-Ning's story is of "naïveté and immature love" and that the love triangle involving her, Guo Lun, and Rachel "is in many ways a parody of comic book romance."^[12] Dariotis and Fung argue that Jia-Ning's story, along with Jia-Jen's, is "not only flat but also dangerously uncomplicated."^[12] They further state that "[t]he lack of inquiry is endemic of this storyline" and that its "superficial treatment" is "quite disturbing."^[12]

“Due to love and traditional matters, they have to obey, they have to care well. They’re not really level with each other. I think that’s the biggest problem in that family, so the food and that banquet in the movie has become a ritual,” said Ang Lee.^[14] The banquet becomes a burden on the family.

The authors Hong Zhao and Haixin Jin argue in their article破坏中的重建与传承——《饮食男女》解读 that in the filmEat Drink Man Woman, Zhu’s family first maintains a semblance of calm when everyone represses their desires, then, the family is destructed when members throw off the shackles of their family roles to pursue their own desires. The family structure is eventually reconstructed when everyone’s desire for eat, drink and sex is well balanced. At the beginning of the film, Zhu’s family struggles between maintaining the banquet (eat and drink) and their sexual desire (man and woman). Food is the bond that holds the family together. However, though they dine together every week, they are afraid to confide in each other. When they focus on “eat drink” but suppress sexual desire, the family is unhappy. No one enjoys the meal and Zhu even loses his sense of taste. When Zhu, Jia Jen, and Jia Ning chase after their sexual desires (man and woman), the original family structure disintegrates, but the family becomes happier since everyone gets what they want. The desire for food and sex eventually reach a balance and Zhu’s sense of taste is back at this moment.^[15]

Each character in this film has their own desire but at the beginning of the film, due to the concern with their family roles, they cannot express themselves.

Eat Drink Man Woman was filmed on-location in directorAng Lee's hometownTaipei. As of 2022, it is Lee's only film to be shot entirely inTaiwan.

The opening sequence - in which a Sunday lunch is lovingly prepared - took over a week to film and was accomplished with the use of an actual master chef, whodoubled for actorSihung Lung.

The musical score was composed by French musician Thierry Schollhammer, credited under the mononym "Mader",^[16] and arranged by Sarah Plant. The soundtrack was released byVarèse Sarabande.^[17]

Included in the film but not on the soundtrack, are severalMandopop tracks and classical excerpts from "Israel in Egypt", "All Creatures of Our God and King", and "Quattro pezzi sacri."

The film grossed $24.2 million worldwide generating the third biggest percentage return on cost of films released in the year, behindFour Weddings and a Funeral andThe Lion King. It was the highest-grossing foreign-language film in the United States and Canada for the year with a gross of $7.3 million.^[18][19][1]

In her review inThe New York Times,Janet Maslin praised Ang Lee as "a warmly engaging storyteller". She wrote, "Wonderfully seductive, and nicely knowing about all of its characters' appetites,Eat Drink Man Woman makes for an uncomplicatedly pleasant experience".^[20]

In his review inThe Washington Post, Hal Hinson called the film a "beautiful balance of elements ... mellow, harmonious and poignantly funny". Hinson concluded:

As the relationships evolve and deepen, there seems to be a surprise around every corner—for both the characters and the audience. But what is most surprising, perhaps, is how involved we become with these people. As satisfying as food can be, the fullness we feel at the end here is far richer and more complex than that offered by the most extravagant meal. “ Eat Drink Man Woman” is a delicacy but also something more—something like food for the heart.^[21]

According to thereview aggregator websiteRotten Tomatoes, 91% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 46 reviews, with an average rating of 7.6/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "A richly layered look at the complex interactions between a widowed chef and his daughters, Ang Lee's generational comedyEat Drink Man Woman offers filmgoers a tasty cinematic treat."^[6]

Tortilla Soup, a 2001 American comedy-drama film directed by Maria Ripoll, is based onEat Drink Man Woman. A semi-sequel,Eat Drink Man Woman 2012 [饮食男女2012] (billed asJoyful Reunion in English) was released, with Jui-Yuan Tsao, producer for the original film, serving as director,^[22] and a new set of characters exploring similar themes.^[23][8][24]

The film was adapted off-screen as well. In 2019, produced by PerfectMatch Theatre co., LTD, the National Kaohsiung Centre for the Arts put on a musical production titled,Eat Drink Man Woman: The Musical. The musical is a direct adaptation of the film. With a total runtime of 160 minutes, the production strived to showcase as many iconic aspects from Ang Lee's film, such as the character's unique qualities and the beauty of food, through song and dance as possible. Unfortunately, the musical only ran for a recorded three days in September 2019; the production had a total of one night showing and two matinees.^[25]

Eat Drink Man Woman is Ang Lee’s third feature film and forms the final part of his ‘Father Knows Best’ Trilogy, followingPushing Hands (1991) andThe Wedding Banquet (1993). All three films depict a clash between cultures like youth and old age, tradition and progress, east and west, and investigate the freedoms and constraints inherent in family structures particularly those between fathers, daughters and sons.^[26] Si-hung Lung takes the place of a father in all three films - here as Mr. Zhu, a retired master chef - and He had used it as the motif (idealization of the household's head) to resolve all the contradictions and conflict that happened within the family members. The trilogy also takes the repression of individual desire in the face of social pressure as one of its central themes.

• List of submissions to the 67th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
• List of Taiwanese submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

• Eat Drink Man Woman atIMDb
• Eat Drink Man Woman atRotten Tomatoes
• Eat Drink Man Woman atBox Office Mojo
• Eat Drink Man Woman at theAFI Catalog of Feature Films

• 1994 films
• 1994 comedy-drama films
• American comedy-drama films
• Taiwanese comedy-drama films
• 1990s Mandarin-language films
• Cooking films
• American interfaith romance films
• Films directed by Ang Lee
• Films with screenplays by Ang Lee
• Films with screenplays by James Schamus
• 1994 independent films
• Films shot in Taipei
• The Samuel Goldwyn Company films
• Central Motion Picture Corporation films
• 1990s American films
• Chinese-language American films

• Articles containing Chinese-language text
• CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)
• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Use American English from January 2025
• All Wikipedia articles written in American English
• Use mdy dates from August 2011
• Template film date with 2 release dates
• Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text
• Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata
• Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter