| Eastwood | |
|---|---|
| Town andcivil parish | |
 The Sun Inn, Eastwood town centre. | |
 Parish map | |
  Eastwood Location withinNottinghamshire | |
| Area | 1.61 sq mi (4.2 km2) |
| Population | 10.927 (2021 - civil parish) |
| • Density | 7/sq mi (2.7/km2) |
| OS grid reference | SK 46684 47005 |
| • London | 116 mi (187 km) SSE |
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Areas of the town | |
| Post town | NOTTINGHAM |
| Postcode district | NG16 |
| Dialling code | 01773 |
| Police | Nottinghamshire |
| Fire | Nottinghamshire |
| Ambulance | East Midlands |
| UK Parliament | |
| Website | www |
| |
Eastwood is a former coal miningtown andcivil parish in theBroxtowe district ofNottinghamshire, England, 8 miles (13 km) northwest ofNottingham. Mentioned inDomesday Book, it expanded rapidly during theIndustrial Revolution. TheMidland Railway was formed here and it is the birthplace ofD. H. Lawrence.
"Eastwood" is ahybrid place-name, formed fromOld EnglishEst, for "East", andOld NorseÞveit/ˈθweɪt/, for "meadow", "cleared meadow", or "clearing in a wood." This is a common element in English place-names, often found as "Thwaite".[1] "Eastwood" might meaneastern clearing, possibly originating as aViking-age clearing inSherwood Forest.[2]
There is some evidence to suggest that the land around Eastwood was occupied in the Middle and Late Palǣolithic periods.[3]
The location of the settlement is due primarily to the availability of rich agricultural land, the proximity of the River Erewash and—most importantly—the extensive and easily minedcoal deposits.[3] It is mentioned inDomesday Book asEstewic, part of thefee ofWilliam Peverel:[4]
InEstewic [Ulfketel] had 4bovates of land [assessed] to thegeld. [There is] land [...] It is waste. William [Peverel] has the custody of it. [There is] woodland pasture 3furlongs long and 3 broad. InKing Edward's time it was worth 5 shillings.
DuringThe Anarchy, the 12th century civil war betweenStephen of Blois and supporters ofMatilde, the mother of the eventual king,Henry II,Peveral's son,William Peverel the Younger, forfeited these to the Crown in 1155.[3] The estate, called the Peverel Honour, was eventually divided, and much of the land around Eastwood was granted to the Greys ofCodnor Castle.
Tenant farming prevailed throughout the Middle Ages, whilstcommonpasture was mainly used for grazing.
When King James VI of Scotland becameKing James I of England in 1603, Eastwood had a population of about 170, and it remained a small village until the 18th century when, in 1779, theTrent Navigation Company opened theErewash Canal.[5] This was one of the first man made waterways in England, with locks atBeeston linking Eastwood to theRiver Trent andNottingham, and its arrival led to a rapid expansion of the local coal mining industry. Other industries soon followed, includingframework knitting,corn milling,pottery, brewing,rope making andbrick making.
The town expanded rapidly during theIndustrial Revolution, and in the 19th century it experienced the greatest increase in population density of any parish in Nottinghamshire.[6] By 1880 the population had increased to 4,500.[7]Factories were built to accommodate the new industries, land becoming available for them as the rural population moved to urban areas. This industrialisation of the countryside was only restricted from the early 19th century, when, somewhat belatedly, the effect of theEnclosures began to be felt in Nottinghamshire.[3] In a local manifestation of this period of upheaval, marchers of thePentrich Revolution of 1817 passed through the town, and were met by soldiers at nearbyGiltbrook: the residents of Eastwood boarded up their houses and hid in the woods.
In 1832, a historic meeting took place at the Sun Inn (built 1750), which resulted in the creation of theMidland Counties Railway, and the construction of a line fromPinxton toLeicester. Industrialisation continued with the opening in 1868 of MoorgreenColliery, and in 1875 the demand for coal resulted in a railway station in Eastwood, with services to Nottingham on theGreat Northern Railway.[8]
D. H. Lawrence was born in Eastwood in 1885. Although the local area is mentioned in many of his novels, it is especially featured inThe White Peacock, against a backdrop of industrialisation. There were ten coal mines, or "pits", within easy walking distance of Lawrence's home, and the overwhelming majority of the local male population werecolliers.[9] Although the coal boom ended during Lawrence's childhood, Eastwood continued to expand, Nottingham Road and its feeder streets became established as a shopping area, and in 1908 the localUrban District Council opened its offices. However, few jobs remained outside what remained of the coal industry. Most women were housewives, and boys were desperate to reach the age of fourteen, when they could start working in the mines. In the early 20th century, trams provided a new means of transport betweenNottingham,Ripley andHeanor. Lawrence lived next to the line, and described it as the most dangerous tram service in England.[citation needed]
Eastwood coal, metal castings, rope, wire and agricultural products made valuable contributions to Britain's war effort during the twoworld wars. In theSecond World War, Eastwood supplied soldiers to theSherwood Foresters Regiment. A memorial on Nottingham Road commemorates Eastwood residents who gave their lives in both world wars.[7]
In 1946, the coal industry wasnationalised, and the newNational Coal Board acquired Eastwood Hall as their Area Office. This later became their National Office, and served as the crisis meeting location during the nationalMiners' Strike of the 1980s,it is now a hotel. At the height of its production in 1963, Moorgreen Colliery alone produced one million tons of coal, but the last coal mine in the area closed in 1985.[8]
In recent years, tourism has become increasingly important.Lawrence's birthplace is now a museum, and a painted line on the pavement, called the "Blue Line Trail," guides visitors around eleven sites of local interest including three of Lawrence's homes. The trail was the first of its kind in England, the concept being based on theFreedom Trail inBoston, United States.[10]
TheUrban District Council for Eastwood became part of Broxtowe District Council in 1974. In 1977 the Council was granted "borough" status, becoming theBorough of Broxtowe. The current mayor is Jackie Williams.
Two-tier local authority services in Broxtowe are provided by the Broxtowe Borough Council and Nottinghamshire County Council.
Broxtowe Borough Council currently has 44 councillors, representing 21 wards, each returning one, two, or three councillors, according to the population size of the ward.
Since boundary changes in 2015, the wards have been named:[11]
The Eastwood wards are in theAshfield constituency. The current MP isLee Anderson, who was elected in 2019 replacingGloria De Piero who had been MP for Ashfield since 2010.
The ward of Greasley is shared between the Ashfield andBroxtowe constituencies. The current MP isJuliet Campbell, who was elected in 2024.
Parish councils include Eastwood Town Council and Greasley Council.
Surrounded by gently rolling countryside, Eastwood is 8 miles to the Northwest of the City of Nottingham in Nottinghamshire and close to the county boundary with Derbyshire.
...I was born nearly forty-four-year ago, in Eastwood, a mining village of some three thousand souls about eight miles from Nottingham, and one mile from the small stream, the Erewash, which divides Nottinghamshire from Derbyshire. It is hilly country, looking west to Crich and towards Matlock, sixteen miles away and east and northeast towards Mansfield and the Sherwood Forest district. To me it seemed, and still seems an extremely beautiful countryside, just between the red sandstone and oak trees of Nottingham and the cold limestone, the ash trees, the stone fences of Derbyshire
— D.H. Lawrence, 1929Nottingham & the Mining Country[12]
The area containscoal measures, withshale,mudstone, andsandstone, overlain by yellowclay.Alluvial deposits from theRiver Erewash run roughly north-south.[13]
The town is centred on Nottingham Road, which runs along a north west-south east ridge. This road contains many shops, uphill to the east, it leads to the A610 to Nottingham, theM1 motorway, and Giltbrook Retail Park, which is home to a largeIKEA store, and various projected developments (seeFuture plans). At the western end of Eastwood is agyratory system, consisting of an ancient crossroads converted into a traffic island, around the Sun Innpublic house. A largeMorrisons supermarket is here, and roads lead from the gyratory system north toBrinsley, west toHeanor, and south through Church Street, the location of several listed buildings, into New Eastwood.
The town is still surrounded by farmed land, woods and fields, and just half a mile (1 km) to the west, the River Erewash forms the boundary between Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire. Alongside the river, the Erewash Canal leads to theRiver Trent.
A large hill, visible when looking north from the town, is known locally as "dot hill", "dirt hill", or "bum hill." This land has been reclaimed from a formerslag heap.
At the 2001 UK census, the town of Eastwood including wards outside the core civil parish had a total population of 18,732.[14]
Population change can be tracked accurately from the 1911 census until the 1971 census, as Eastwood Urban District was a Local Government District from 1896 until 1974.
| Population growth in Eastwood since 1911 | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 1911 | 1921 | 1931 | 1939 | 1951 | 1961 | 1971 | ||||||||||||
| Population | 4,692 | 5,069 | 5,360 | 8,581 | 9,894 | 10,607 | 10,856 | ||||||||||||
| Source:A Vision of Britain through Time | |||||||||||||||||||
In the 1951 census, approximately 11.5% of the total population listed their occupation asMining & Quarrying.[15]By the 2001 survey, this had fallen to 0.15%.[16]
In the 2001 census, over 98% of the population selected the ethnicityWhite: British. The national average for England was 87%.[17]
At the2011 census the civil parish population was 10,695[18] and this increased to 10,927 residents for the2021 census.[19]
The Buildings is a housing estate, consisting of some 300 terraced miners' cottages, built in the 1860s. They were saved from demolition by a council scheme, which won anEEC habitat award in 1977. It was also used to illustrate the European Community's Urban Renaissance competition in 1980.[20]
Colliers' Wood is a 14 hectare community woodland, part of the Greenwood Community Forest,[20] created in 1996/97 to reclaim some of the woodland and fields destroyed by the mining developments. Over 17,500 trees and hedgerows were planted, and two ponds created. The footpath is made from reclaimed shale.[21] Habitats cater to a wide variety of birds, includingmute swans,goldfinches,lesser redpoll,skylarks, andwillow warblers.[22]
A war memorial was unveiled in 1921, inscribed "to the men of Eastwood, who fell in theGreat War 1914–1918." Later,World War II dedications were added, and it was moved to its present location at Plumptre Way. It is in the shape of anobelisk, made ofItalian marble with a base ofWhatstandwell stone.[23]The Library, opened in 1975, includes an extensive collection of books by and about D H Lawrence. Also on view is Lawrence's desk, and the headstone from his grave inVence, France.[20]
Greasley Castle (c. 1341) was founded by Nicholas de Cantilupe. The remains are now covered by Greasley Castle Farmhouse (c. 1800), which incorporates fragments of medieval masonry.
TheBlue Line Trail – painted along the pavement – guides visitors around the areas connected with the authorD.H. Lawrence and include theD.H. Lawrence Birthplace Museum, established as a working class Victorian House,Durban House Heritage Centre with Lawrence exhibition,The Rocking Horse Bistro and art gallery all now closed and the three other houses in which Lawrence lived.[24]
Eastwood Hall was the headquarters ofBritish Coal. It is now a hotel and conference centre.
The Man in Space public house was built in the 1960s. It appeared briefly in the filmCarry on at Your Convenience. But has since closed and been converted to a Sainsburys Local. Since 27 November 2020 it has been and still is a co-op store
TheM1 motorway runs close to Eastwood (junctions 26 and 27).
Eastwood is served by the operatorsTrent Barton and Nottingham County Council. In the past, it has been served by A&S Coaches,Centrebus &Notts + Derby
The current routes are as follows:
Journeys to Nottingham on the Rainbow One take 40 mins.Journeys to Hucknall on the 34 take 30 mins.
The nearest railway station is atLangley Mill, which has connections to Nottingham, Sheffield, Chesterfield and Manchester.
TheEast Midlands Airport is 13 miles away, 19 by road.
There are five primary schools in the area, including Florence Nightingale Academy, Greasley Beauvale Primary School (which D.H Lawrence attended), Lawrence View Primary School, The Priory Catholic Primary School and Springbank Academy (formerly known as Eastwood Infant and Junior School).[25]
Most older local students attendHall Park Academy which was formerly known as Eastwood Comprehensive School.[26]
Eastwood Skills Shop offers courses including IT, Arts & Crafts, Spanish and Interior Design.[27]
Eastwood Library, in the centre of the town, provides traditional book loans, but also has free internet access, CDRoms and a range of information services.[28]
Eastwood Community Sports Centre has a four-court sports hall, and 2 junior and 2 full sized football pitches.[29]
St Mary's Parish Church has anopen evangelical style of worship. There has been a church on the site since 1250, and there are some remains of the original structure. It was enlarged in 1826, largely replaced in 1858, and almost destroyed by fire in 1963. Only the tower remained; the rest of the present building was added in 1967, and consecrated on 25 September.[20][30]
Beauvale Priory was founded in 1343 by Nicholas de Cantelupe. One of nineCarthusian English houses which owed allegiance to theGrande Chartreuse, the monks' rules were similar to those ofBenedictine Order.[31] The monastery was suppressed in 1539, but it lives on inLawrence'sWhite Peacock as "the Abbey."[32]
Other churches in the area include;
Eastwood has its own non-league football club,Eastwood C.F.C. founded in 2014, who currently play in theUnited Counties League Premier Division North at Coronation Park.[33]
Eastwood Town Cricket Club plays in theGunn & Moore South Notts League.[34]
Nottinghamshire pool team play in the EPA[35] county structure. Their home venue is Phoenix Cue Sports,[36] Mansfield Road.
Eastwood Antz Basketball Club play at Eastwood Sports Centre, Mansfield Road
The Giltbrook retail park, 1.5 miles (2.5 km) south-west of Eastwood, is a £70m shopping complex that opened on 14 October 2008. The site covers 240,000 square feet (22,000 m2), of which 150,000 square feet (14,000 m2) is retail alongside 80,000 square feet (7,400 m2) of employment units. The site is dominated by a largeIKEA store with 2,350 car parking spaces. Other shops include Boots, Pets at Home, Next, Next Home, Decathlon, Fabb Sofas, Laura Ashley,Mamas & Papas,Starbucks,Subway,Screwfix, Blue Monkey Brewing andFrankie & Benny's.[38]
Eastwood Collieries' Male Voice Choir formed in 1919. They appeared onBBC television in 1963, and are one of the oldest surviving colliery choirs in the United Kingdom.[39]
Eastwood Arcadians are a localmarching band.
The local newspaper is the Eastwood and Kimberley Advertiser.
Eastwood Theatre is home to local, national and international theatre. Its programme showcases dance, music and drama from professional and amateur performers.
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| Geographic | |
