East Base | |
|---|---|
 The abandoned base, February 2007 | |
  East Base Location in Antarctica | |
| Coordinates:68°11′02″S66°59′53″W / 68.1838°S 66.9980°W /-68.1838; -66.9980 | |
| Region | Antarctic Peninsula |
| Location | Stonington Island |
| Established | 1939 (1939) |
| Evacuated | 1948 (1948) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Administration |
| • Body | United States Antarctic Service Expedition |
| Active times | All year-round |
East Base onStonington Island is the oldest American research station inAntarctica, having been commissioned byFranklin D. Roosevelt in 1939. The station was built as part of two US wintering expeditions –United States Antarctic Service Expedition (1939–1941) andRonne Antarctic Research Expedition (1947–1948). The base covers 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) from north to south and 500 metres (1,600 ft) from east to west. The base was accorded the status of one of theHistoric Sites and Monuments in Antarctica on 7 May 2004.[1][2][3]
TheAntarctic Service Expedition was the first government-funded expedition ofAdmiral Richard E. Byrd (his first two expeditions in 1928–1930 and 1933–1935 were privately funded). East Base was built using Army knockdown buildings and a crew of 23 led by Richard Black, after Admiral Byrd had to return to Washington on theUSSBear. The war time pressures and pack-ice in the bay which prevented ship movement led to the evacuation of the base in 1941 by air.[4]
A private expedition led byFinn Ronne (second in command in the 1941 expedition) in 1947 ended with the participants' evacuation in 1948. The expedition crew includedJackie Ronne andJennie Darlington, who became the first women to spend a winter in Antarctica.[5] The base and all its equipment have since not been utilized, even though theBritish Antarctic Survey developed Base E in the vicinity of East Base. The British also occupied and modified the East Base during the construction of Base E. As of 2017, the base is frequented by tourists arriving on the continent.[3][5][6][7]
