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| Earldom of Carlisle | |
|---|---|
 Arms: Quarterly of six, 1st (Howard), Gules, a Bend between six Crosses-Crosslet finchée Argent; on the bend an Escutcheon Ar, charged with a Demi-Lion pierced through the mouth with an arrow, within a Double Tressure flory counterflory, all Gules, and above the escutcheon a Mullet sable for difference; 2nd (Thomas of Brotherton), Gules, three Lions passant guardant Or, and a label of three-points Argent; 3rd (Warrenne, Earl of Surrey), Chequy Or and Azure, 4th (Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk), Gules, a Lion rampant Argent; 5th (Dacre), Gules, three Escallops Argent; 6th (Greystock), Barry of eight Argent and Azure, three Chaplets of Roses proper.Crest: On a Chapeau Gules, turned up Ermine, a Lion statant guardant with tail extended Or, ducally gorged Argent, charged on the shoulder with a Mullet for difference.Supporters: Dexter: A Lion Argent, charged on the shoulder with a Mullet for difference. Sinister: A Bull Gules, armed unguled and ducally gorged and lined Or.[1] | |
| Creation date | 25 March 1322 (first creation) 13 September 1622(second creation) 30 April 1661(third creation) |
| Created by | Edward II (first creation) James I(second creation) Charles II(third creation) |
| Peerage | Peerage of England |
| First holder | Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle(first creation) Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle(third creation) |
| Present holder | George Howard, 13th Earl of Carlisle |
| Heir presumptive | The Hon. Philip Howard |
| Subsidiary titles | Viscount Howard of Morpeth Baron Dacre of Gillesland Lord Ruthven of Freeland |
| Extinction date | 3 March 1323 (first creation) 30 October 1660(second creation) |
| Seat(s) | Naworth Castle |
| Former seat(s) | Castle Howard (now held by acadet branch of the family) |
| Motto | VOLO NON VALEO (I am willing, but not able) |
Earl of Carlisle is a title that has been created three times in thePeerage of England.
The first creation came in 1322, whenAndrew Harclay, 1st Baron Harclay, was madeEarl of Carlisle. He had already been summoned to Parliament asLord Harclay (or Lord Harcla) in 1321. However, Lord Carlisle was executed for treason in 1323,[2] with his titles forfeited.
The second creation came in 1622, whenJames Hay, 1st Viscount Doncaster, was madeEarl of Carlisle.[3] He was a great favourite ofJames I and had already been createdLord Hay in thePeerage of Scotland in 1606, as well asBaron Hay, of Sawley in the County of York, andViscount Doncaster in 1618. The latter titles were in the Peerage of England. Lord Carlisle was the member of a junior branch of the Hay family, headed by theEarl of Erroll. He was succeeded by his second but only surviving son, the second Earl. In 1637, he also succeeded his maternal grandfather, Charles Goring, 2nd Earl of Norwich, as second Baron Denny (a title created by writ in 1604; seeEarl of Norwich). However, Carlisle was childless and on his death in 1660, all the titles became extinct.[3]
The third creation came in 1660, whenSir Charles Howard was madeBaron Dacre of Gillesland, in the County of Cumberland,Viscount Howard of Morpeth, in the County of Northumberland, andEarl of Carlisle. A member of the prominentHoward family, he was the great-grandson ofLord William Howard, third son ofThomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk. Lord William Howard's wife was Elizabeth Dacre, youngest daughter ofThomas Dacre, 4th Baron Dacre (of Gillesland), a title which had fallen intoabeyance on the death of the fifth Baron in 1569. Through this marriage,Naworth Castle andHenderskelfe Castle (which later became the site ofCastle Howard) came into the Howard family. Lord Carlisle had earlier supported the Parliamentarian cause in theCivil War, and he is supposed to have been createdBaron Gilsland andViscount Howard of Morpeth byOliver Cromwell in 1657 (it is certain that he was summoned to Cromwell's House of Lords the same year as "Lord Viscount Howard").[3]
He was succeeded by his eldest son,the second Earl. He representedMorpeth,Cumberland andCarlisle in theHouse of Commons and served asLord Lieutenant of Cumberland. On his death, the titles passed to his son,the third Earl.[3] He was a prominent statesman and served asFirst Lord of the Treasury from 1701 to 1702, and in 1715. His third but eldest surviving son,the fourth Earl,[3] sat as Member of Parliament for Morpeth. He was succeeded by his eldest son from his second marriage,the fifth Earl. He was an influential politician and held office asFirst Lord of Trade, asLord Lieutenant of Ireland, asLord Steward of the Household and asLord Privy Seal.
His eldest son,the sixth Earl, also gained political prominence. He served asFirst Commissioner of Woods and Forests and asLord Privy Seal, and wasMinister without Portfolio between 1830 and 1834 in the famousWhig government ofLord Grey. He was succeeded by his eldest son,the seventh Earl. He was a noted politician and served asChief Secretary for Ireland, asChancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and asLord Lieutenant of Ireland. He never married and was succeeded by his younger brother, the eighth Earl. He was a clergyman and served as Rector ofLondesborough in Yorkshire. He also died unmarried and was succeeded by his nephew, the ninth Earl. He was the son of the Hon.Charles Wentworth George Howard, fifth son of the sixth Earl. He representedCumberland East in Parliament as aLiberal and was also a well-regarded painter.
His eldest son, the tenth Earl, wasLiberal Unionist Member of Parliament forBirmingham South. He was succeeded by his only son, the eleventh Earl. He married as his first wife Bridget Helen Monckton, 11th Lady Ruthven of Freeland (seeLord Ruthven of Freeland for earlier history of this title). On his death in 1963, the titles passed to his only son, the twelfth Earl. In 1982, he also succeeded his mother as twelfth Lord Ruthven of Freeland. As of 2020[update], the peerages are held by his eldest son, the thirteenth Earl, who succeeded in 1994. Lord Carlisle unsuccessfully contestedEasington in the1987 general election andLeeds West in the1992 general election.
Several other members of this branch of the Howard family have gained distinction. The Hon.Sir Charles Howard, fourth son of the third Earl, was a general in the Army and also represented Carlisle in the House of Commons for many years.Charles Howard, Viscount Morpeth, eldest son of the fourth Earl from his first marriage, briefly representedYorkshire before his early death fromtuberculosis. The Hon. Frederick Howard, third son of the fifth Earl, was a major in the10th Hussars and fought at theBattle of Waterloo in 1815, where he was killed in action. His eldest sonFrederick John Howard was Member of Parliament forYoughal. The Very Reverend the Hon. Henry Edward John Howard, fourth son of the fifth Earl, was Dean of Lichfield. His third son Edward Henry Howard was avice-admiral in the Navy.
Admiral the Hon.Edward Granville George Howard, fourth son of the sixth Earl, was createdBaron Lanerton in 1874. The aforementioned the Hon.Charles Wentworth George Howard, fifth son of the sixth Earl, representedEast Cumberland in Parliament for almost forty years.Lady Harriet Howard, third daughter of the sixth Earl, was the wife ofGeorge Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 2nd Duke of Sutherland. She wasMistress of the Robes toQueen Victoria and an activeWhig in society circles. The Hon.Geoffrey William Algernon Howard, fifth son of the ninth Earl, was a Liberal Member of Parliament. His second son wasGeorge Howard, Baron Howard of Henderskelfe.
Theheir apparent to the earldom, when one exists, is styledViscount Morpeth.
The principal family seat today isNaworth Castle, whileCastle Howard is now held by acadet branch of the family.
Theheir presumptive is the present holder's brother, the Hon. Philip Charles Wentworth Howard (born 1963).
The heir presumptive'sheir apparent is his only son, William Philip Alexander Howard (born 1994).
Line of succession (simplified) |
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The Earls of Carlisle are distantly in line to succeed to theDukedom of Norfolk, as descendants ofLord William Howard. |
