Dumka | |
|---|---|
City | |
    Terracotta Temples ofMaluti, Entrance gate ofSido Kanhu Murmu University, Dumka rural area,Massanjore Dam | |
  Dumka Location in Jharkhand, India Show map of Jharkhand Dumka Dumka (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:24°25′N87°20′E / 24.42°N 87.34°E /24.42; 87.34 | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Jharkhand |
| District | Dumka |
| Division | Santhal Pargana |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal governance in India |
| • Body | Dumka Nagar Parishad |
| • Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha | Nalin Soren (JMM) |
| • Member of Legislative Assembly,Jharkhand | Basant Soren (JMM) |
| Area | |
• Total | 6.42 km2 (2.48 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 137 m (449 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 47,584 |
| • Density | 7,410/km2 (19,200/sq mi) |
| Languages[a] | |
| • Official | Hindi,Bengali,Urdu,Santali |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 814101 |
| Telephone code | 06434 |
| Vehicle registration | JH-04 |
| Sex ratio | 974♂/♀ |
| Website | dumka |
Dumka, the headquarters of theDumka district andSanthal Pargana region, is a city in the state ofJharkhand, India. It was made the headquarters of theSanthal Pargana region, which was carved out of theBhagalpur and Birbhum district after theSantal Hool of 1855. Dumka was carved out of the southern part ofBihar along with 18 other districts on 15 November 2000 to form Jharkhand as the 28th state of India. Dumka is a peaceful and green city and also the sub-capital of Jharkhand. The nearest important cities areSuri andDeoghar.
There are two theories on how Dumka got its name. The first one suggests that Dumka's name derives from theSantali wordsumk for "shunted" or "small," because during theBritish Raj, it was a small town compared toRampurhat andBhagalpur.
The other is that Dumka derives its name from thePersian worddamin-i-koh, which means 'skirts (an edge, border or extreme part) of the hills'.
The earlier inhabitants of the present-day district of whom there is some record, it appears, were thePaharias (for example, the Maler and Sauria Paharias). TheGreek travelerMegasthenes identified these people asMallis. He referred to the Sauria Paharias assavars[what language is this?] of Odisha. Medieval History: Due to inaccessibility of the area caused by the cliffs of theRajmahal Hills, it was a place of strategic economic importance, with a fort atTeliagarhi. After the 1539 victory ofSher Shah Suri atChousa, the area fell into the hands of theAfghans, but it was soon lost to theMughals underAkbar whenHussain Quli Khan was made viceroy ofBengal.
The English representative, Dr. Gabriel Bokgliton, procured afirman fromShah Jahan. Between 1742 and 1751 the area of Dumka close to Rajmahal witnessed frequent inroads by theMarathas underRaghoji Bhosle andPeshwa Balaji Rao. In 1745 Raghoji Bhosle entered Rajmahal via the hills and jungles ofSanthal Pargana Division. The early stay of the English was spent in subduing thePaharias. In 1769 Dumka remained aGhatwali police post underBirbhum District of Bengal. In 1775 Dumka was transferred toBhagalpur Division. In 1865 Dumka was made an independent district after being carved out of Bhagalpur. In 1872 Dumka was made headquarters of the whole district of Santal Pargana. In 1889Paul Olaf Bodding started his service in India (Dumka/Benagaria) afterLars Olsen Skrefsrud, and Bodding created the first alphabet for the Santhals. TheNELC-church was created as aLutheran Church in this area - before the Catholics had established a mission in this area at all. In 1902 the firstmunicipality was established. Finally in 1920Motor cars and buses were introduced.
Firstly in 1952 The Apostolic Prefecture of Malda was erected. In 1962, it was promoted to theRoman Catholic Diocese of Dumka. Then in 1983 Dumka was made the divisional headquarters ofSanthal Pargana. On 15 November 2000 Dumka became the sub-capital of Jharkhand. In 2011 Dumka is connected with the newly built Jasidih-Dumka railway line. In 2012 Intercity express to Ranchi started via Jasidih. Later in 2017 Jharkhand opens pilot training center in Dumka. Finally in 2018 Four-lane road from Dudhani to Tata Showroom constructed.
Dumka is located at24°16′N87°15′E / 24.27°N 87.25°E /24.27; 87.25.[2] It has an average elevation of 137 metres (449 feet).
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1911 | 5,629 | — |
| 1921 | 7,396 | +31.4% |
| 1931 | 9,471 | +28.1% |
| 1941 | 10,811 | +14.1% |
| 1951 | 13,582 | +25.6% |
| 1961 | 18,720 | +37.8% |
| 1971 | 23,338 | +24.7% |
| 1981 | 31,068 | +33.1% |
| 1991 | 38,096 | +22.6% |
| 2001 | 44,989 | +18.1% |
| 2011 | 47,584 | +5.8% |
| Source:Census of India[3] | ||
As of 2011[update] Indiacensus,[4] Dumka is a Nagar Parishad city in district of Dumka, Jharkhand. The Dumka city is divided into 23 wards for which elections are held every five years. The Dumka Nagar Parishad has population of 47,584 of which 25,364 are males while 22,220 are females as per report released by Census India 2011.
The population of children aged 0-6 is 5371 which is 11.29% of total population of Dumka (Nagar Parishad). In Dumka Nagar Parishad, the female sex ratio is 876 against state average of 948. Moreover, the child sex ratio in Dumka is around 891 compared to Jharkhand state average of 948. The literacy rate of Dumka city is 89.92% higher than the state average of 66.41%. In Dumka, male literacy is around 93.46% while the female literacy rate is 85.87%. As per official census 2011, Hinduism constitutes 79.06% of Dumka's population, followed by Islam at 8.09% and Christianity with 6.54%.
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 88.25% | |||
| Islam | 8.46% | |||
| Christianity | 2.70% | |||
| Jainism | 0.04% | |||
| Others† | 0.14% | |||
| Distribution of religions †Includes Sikhism (0.06%), Buddhism (0.08%). †† Follwers ofSari Dharam andSarna are also covered underHinduism owing to devoid of centrally recognized regious code. | ||||
Besides the national official languageHindi,Santali,Urdu andBengali are mostly spoken followed by regional dialect Khorta.
Here the major religions are:
The Catholic minority is served by its ownRoman Catholic Diocese of Dumka.
Dumka has ahumid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classificationCwa), with warm, wet summers and mild winters.
| Climate data for Dumka | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.3 (91.9) | 35.6 (96.1) | 42.8 (109.0) | 46.3 (115.3) | 48.3 (118.9) | 45.2 (113.4) | 41.5 (106.7) | 38.6 (101.5) | 38.1 (100.6) | 37.6 (99.7) | 35.8 (96.4) | 31.2 (88.2) | 48.3 (118.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.9 (78.6) | 28.9 (84.0) | 34.3 (93.7) | 38.4 (101.1) | 37.5 (99.5) | 35.5 (95.9) | 32.7 (90.9) | 32.5 (90.5) | 32.9 (91.2) | 33.0 (91.4) | 30.5 (86.9) | 27.0 (80.6) | 32.4 (90.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.2 (50.4) | 13.2 (55.8) | 17.4 (63.3) | 22.3 (72.1) | 23.9 (75.0) | 24.7 (76.5) | 24.1 (75.4) | 23.7 (74.7) | 23.6 (74.5) | 21.0 (69.8) | 16.0 (60.8) | 11.1 (52.0) | 19.3 (66.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.7 (35.1) | 1.8 (35.2) | 5.8 (42.4) | 13.8 (56.8) | 14.5 (58.1) | 17.8 (64.0) | 13.4 (56.1) | 16.8 (62.2) | 13.8 (56.8) | 11.8 (53.2) | 4.8 (40.6) | 2.8 (37.0) | 1.7 (35.1) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 9.0 (0.35) | 15.0 (0.59) | 21.0 (0.83) | 35.0 (1.38) | 72.0 (2.83) | 198.0 (7.80) | 343.0 (13.50) | 293.0 (11.54) | 273.0 (10.75) | 116.0 (4.57) | 9.0 (0.35) | 7.0 (0.28) | 1,391 (54.77) |
| Average rainy days | 1.5 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 6.3 | 11.3 | 18.9 | 16.9 | 14.1 | 5.7 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 83.9 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 60 | 53 | 47 | 50 | 60 | 73 | 83 | 83 | 81 | 74 | 65 | 62 | 66 |
| Source: NOAA (1971-1990)[6] | |||||||||||||
| Sl. No. | Name of Industrial Area | Land acquired (in hectares) | Land developed (in hectares) | Prevailing Rate Per sq. ft. (in Rs) | No. of plots | No. of allotted plots | No. of vacant plots | No.of units in production |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Industrial Area Dumka | 6.088 | 6.088 | 19.00 | 13 | 13 | 03 | 10 |
| Sl. No. | Head | Unit | Particulars |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Registered Industrial Unit | No. | 2241 |
| 2 | Total Industrial Unit | No. | 2241 |
| 3 | Registered Medium &Large Unit | No. | NIL |
| 4 | Estimated Avg. No. of daily Worker Employed in small scale industries | No. | 38 |
| 5 | Employment in large and medium Industries | No. | NIL |
| 6 | No of Industrial Area | No. | 1 |
Dumka District contains many Hindu temples, such asBasukinath, Sirshanath, Maluti Mandir, Shiv Pahar and Dharamsthana. Crowds visit these places during the month of Sawan.[citation needed]Hizla Mela (Fair)[7] is organized every year in Hizla and continues for a week. It is a fair of great cultural importance, thousands of people visit during the fair.
The first Chief Minister of Jharkhand,Babulal Marandi, hailed from Dumka constituency. In 2000, when Jharkhand was carved out of Bihar,NDA came to power in Jharkhand with Marandi as the Chief Minister.
Shibu Soren is another politician who is considered to be one of the founders ofJharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) and has a temporary residence in Dumka.Hemant Soren, the current Chief Minister of Jharkhand is the son of Shibu Soren.
There are various Higher Secondary schools in Dumka:
Some reputed schools which provide secondary level education are:
Other schools include Ananda Marg School (Kurwa), Modern Sainik School, Green Mount Academy and New Life Academy atKathikund.
To improve academic performance in government schools District administration of Dumka launched Sampurna Shiksha Kavach[10] for students of grade 9 to grade 12 in following schools:
This program focuses on improving performance of students across above 28 government schools in the district. Teachers need to ensure that entire curriculum is covered in classroom via online teaching during the academic year. Students also have additional online learning support after school. High performing students are enrolled in additional classes to prepare for competitive exams such as IIT JEE and NEET.
For higher education Dumka offers many colleges e.g.-Sido Kanhu Murmu University was established in 1992 at Dumka and covers wholeSanthal Pargana. Many colleges are affiliated or constituent to SKMU in the division.
St. Xavier's College, Dumka offers various courses. Others include Santhal Pargana College (S.P. college),[11] A.N. College,[12] and S.P. Mahila College, which offer undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate courses.
Phulo-Jhano Murmu College of Dairy Technology atHansdiha, Dumka is Jharkhand's first Dairy Technology college established in 2019.[13] It is affiliated byBirsa Agricultural University,Ranchi.
GTRTC, Dumka (Government Tool Room and Training Centre) was established in 2007 by the Department of Industries, Government of Jharkahnd with the assistance of Ministry of MSME, Government of India.[14] It offers various training programmes to meet need for technical manpower required in the manufacturing sector.Lahanti Institute of Multiple Skills was established by Evangelical Social Action Forum to provide skills training to unemployed youth in the remote regions of Santhal Pargana.[15] Dumka also have a Govt. Polytechnic College, a Govt. Women's Polytechnic College and also a govt.ITI for technical education.
Dumka Engineering College was established as an institution under PPP model between theGovernment of Jharkhand andTechno India Group.[16]
Phulo Jhano Murmu Medical College and Hospital was established in 2019 and it also contains hospitals for serving population of Dumka.[17]
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In July 2011, Dumka was connected to Jasidih with the newly built Jasidih - Dumka railway line. Since then, the city has seen a growing number of three-wheelers on the road. in June 2015, Dumka Rampurhat Train service is also started.
Dumka is connected by road to the neighboring cities such as Deoghar, Bhagalpur, Dhanbad, Rampurhat. Buses are the preferred mode of transport and are run by both government agencies and private operators. Dumka has good connectivity to neighboring districts with buses. There is a luxury night bus service between Dumka–Ranchi andKolkata.[18]
Places adjacent to Dumka | |
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Nearby airports are:
| International | |
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| National | |
