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The town is 120 meters (390 ft) abovesea level, situated approximately 125 kilometers (78 mi) north ofMoscow, on theVolga River, just downstream from theIvankovo Reservoir. The reservoir is formed by a hydroelectricdam across the Volga situated within the town borders. The town lies on both banks of the Volga. The western boundary of the town is defined by theMoscow Canal joining the Volga, while the eastern boundary is defined by theDubna River joining the Volga.[citation needed]
Dubna is the northernmost town of Moscow Oblast.[citation needed]
Fortress Dubna (Russian:Дубна) belonging toRostov-Suzdal Principality was built in the area in 1132 by the order ofYuri Dolgoruki and existed until 1216. The fortress was destroyed during the feudal war between the sons ofVsevolod the Big Nest. The village of Gorodishche (Городище) was located on the right bank of the Volga River and was a part of theKashin Principality. Dubna customs post (Дубненское мыто) was located in the area and was a part of thePrincipality of Tver.
Before theOctober Revolution, few villages were in the area: Podberezye was on the left bank of the Volga, and Gorodishche, Alexandrovka, Ivankovo, Yurkino, and Kozlaki (Russian:Козлаки) were on the right bank.
Right after the Revolution one of the firstcollective farms was organized in Dubna area.
The decision to build aproton accelerator for nuclear research was taken by theSoviet government in 1946. An impractical place where the current town is situated was chosen due to remoteness from Moscow and the presence of theIvankovo power plant nearby. The scientific leader wasIgor Kurchatov. The general supervisor of the project including construction of a settlement, a road and a railway connecting it to Moscow (largely involvingpenal labour ofGulag inmates) was theNKVD chiefLavrentiy Beria. After three years of intensive work, the accelerator was commissioned on 13 December 1949.
Before the dissolution of theSoviet Union,JINR andMKB Raduga were the main employers in the town. Since then their role has decreased significantly. Several small industrial enterprises have emerged, however the town still experiences some employment difficulties. Proximity toMoscow allows many to commute and work there. Plans byAFK Sistema and other investors including government structures have been announced to build a Russian analogue ofSilicon Valley in Dubna. As of the beginning of 2007, nothing has commenced.[citation needed]
One of the world's tallest statues ofVladimir Lenin, 25 meters (82 ft) high, built in 1937, is located at Dubna at theconfluence of theVolga River and theMoscow Canal. The accompanying statue ofJoseph Stalin of similar size was demolished in 1961 during the period ofde-stalinization.[13]Among the city's cultural facilities are: the Mir House of Culture, the Oktyabr Palace of Culture, a movie theater, 21 libraries, 4 music schools and a school of arts. In 1990, the Dubna Symphony Orchestra was established.[14]
Dubna is located on theMoscow Canal and theIvankovo Reservoir, making it a good destination for water sports such aswindsurfing,kitesurfing, andwater skiing.[citation needed]. In 2004, for the first time, a stage of the Water Ski World Cup took place in the city.[20] In 2011, Dubna hosted the World Waterskiing Championships.[21][22]Dubna's sports facilities include two stadiums, a waterskiing stadium on the Volga River, four swimming pools, tennis courts, and five sports complexes.[citation needed]
Московская областная Дума. Закон №11/2013-ОЗ от 31 января 2013 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области», в ред. Закона №249/2019-ОЗ от 29 ноября 2019 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области"». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования (13 января 2013 г.). Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №24, 12 февраля 2013 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #11/2013-OZ of January 31, 2013On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Law #249/2019-OZ of November 29, 2019On amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast". Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication (January 13, 2013).).
Московская областная Дума. Закон №84/2005-ОЗ от 28 февраля 2005 г. «О статусе и границе городского округа Дубна», в ред. Закона №52/2009-ОЗ от 22 мая 2009 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "О статусе и границе городского округа Дубна"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №44, 12 марта 2005 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #84/2005-OZ of February 28, 2005On the Status and the Border of Dubna Urban Okrug, as amended by the Law #52/2009-OZ of May 22, 2009On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Border of Dubna Urban Okrug". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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