Class AA ("Double-A") was established in 1912, as the new highest classification ofMinor League Baseball.[2] Previously,Class A had been the highest level, predating the establishment of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues—the formal name of Minor League Baseball—in 1901.[3]: 15 Entering the 1912 season, three leagues were designated as Class AA:[3]: 236
Each of these leagues had previously been in Class A.[3]: 230 Each remained in Class AA through 1945,[3]: 396 then moved into Class AAA ("Triple-A") when it was established in 1946.[3]: 15 No other leagues were designated Class AA during 1912–1945, although a Class A1 level (between Class A and Class AA) was established in 1936.[3]: 15
The contemporary Double-A classification, as the second-highest level in Minor League Baseball, was established in 1946. Entering that season, the three aforementioned leagues in Class AA all moved to the newly established Triple-A, and Class A1 became Double-A with two leagues:[3]: 401
Entering the 2020 minor league season (which was not played, due to theCOVID-19 pandemic) the Texas League had been in Double-A since 1946, the Eastern League since 1963, and the Southern League since 1964. Prior to the 2021 season,Major League Baseball (MLB) reorganized the minor leagues. At that time, the existing leagues were temporarily renamed: Eastern League asDouble-A Northeast, Southern League asDouble-A South, and Texas League asDouble-A Central. Following MLB's acquisition of the rights to the names of the historical minor leagues, MLB announced on March 16, 2022, that the leagues would revert to their prior names, effective with the 2022 season.[4]
The Double-A classification usually hosts developing players that have been part ofprofessional baseball for only a couple of years. These players can get to the Double-A level by earning a promotion from any of the lower-level leagues,[5] withClass A-Advanced ("High-A") being immediately below Double-A in the minor league hierarchy.
The step up to the Double-A level can be one of the hardest promotions for such players because it is the level at whichpitchers need to have a goodoff-speed pitch in their repertoires. In addition, it is the level wherefastball-only hitters need to learn how to hit off-speed pitches, or their hopes of advancing to the majors will diminish.[6] Some players may be placed in Double-A to begin their minor league careers, usually veterans from foreign leagues or top prospects out of college. Additionally, major league clubs sometimes send players to their Double-A team to rehabilitate from injuries.[5]
WhileTriple-A is the highest level in the minor leagues, players may also advance to the major leagues directly from Double-A. For example, within theToronto Blue Jays organization, 17 position players were promoted from Double-A directly to MLB during 1978–2018;[7] approximately one player every two seasons. As players at the Double-A level are, generally, still improving their skills, it could be argued that the pure talent level is higher in Double-A than Triple-A, where there may be some stagnation of talent.[6]
Because players are not often moved back and forth from their major league parent club as often happens in Triple-A, the rosters of Double-A teams tend to be more stable.[8] Fans of Double-A teams thus have a longer amount of time to get acquainted with the players, which helps create a better relationship between the team and its fans.[8]
Prior to the 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues, all three active Double-A leagues playedsplit seasons, with theEastern League moving to that system in 2019. Teams winning their division in either half of the season qualified for the postseason, withwild card teams filling out the remaining spots in abracket tournament, usually composed of four teams.[37][38][39]
On June 30, 2021, Minor League Baseball announced that the top two teams in each league (based on full-seasonwinning percentage, and regardless of division) would meet in a best-of-five postseason series to determine league champions.[40]
Prior to the 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues, each of the active Double-A leagues held its own midseason All-Star Game.[41] From 1991 to 2002, the three combined to hold theDouble-A All-Star Game between teams ofAmerican League-affiliated All-Stars andNational League-affiliated All-Stars.[42][43]
After the start of the 2021 minor league season was delayed by a month,[44] team schedules were released without a break for an all-star game.[45]
As a part of pace-of-play initiatives implemented in 2015, 20-secondpitch clocks entered use at Double-A stadiums in 2015.[46] In 2018, the time was shortened to 15 seconds when no runners are on base. Other significant changes implemented in 2018 included beginningextra innings with a runner on second base and limiting teams to eight mound visits during a nine-inning game.[47] In 2019, the number of mound visits was reduced to seven, and pitchers were required to face a minimum of three consecutive batters, unless the side is retired or the pitcher is injured and unable to continue.[48]
^"Dickey-Stephens Park". Arkansas Diamonds: The Ballparks of Arkansas and Their History. Archived fromthe original on May 5, 2015. RetrievedSeptember 22, 2017.
