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| Donald Trump for President 2016 | |
|---|---|
 General election logo Primary campaign logo | |
| Campaign | 2016 Republican primaries 2016 U.S. presidential election |
| Candidate | Donald Trump Chairman ofThe Trump Organization (1971–2017) Mike Pence 50thGovernor of Indiana (2013–2017)[1] |
| Affiliation | Republican Party |
| Status |
|
| Headquarters | Trump Tower, Manhattan,New York[2] |
| Key people | Steve Bannon (Chief executive) Kellyanne Conway (Campaign manager) David Bossie (Deputy campaign manager) Michael Glassner (campaign manager) Jason Miller (Communications director) Katrina Pierson (National spokesperson) Hope Hicks (Press secretary) Dan Scavino (Director of social media) Ben Carson (VP Selection Committee Leader) Jeff Sessions (Chairman of National Security Committee) Michael Flynn (Military Advisor) Omarosa Manigault (Director of African American Outreach) Tony Fabrizio (Pollster)[3] Rudy Giuliani (Senior Advisor) David Urban (Senior Advisor)[4] Chris Christie (White House Transition Chairman)[5] Bill Palatucci (White House Transition Coordinator) Michael Cohen (Special Counsel) Arthur Culvahouse (VP Vetter) Sam Clovis (National Co-chair)[6] Brad Parscale (Digital director)Steven Cheung (Rapid Response Director)[7] Roger Ailes (Debate Advisor)[8] Boris Epshteyn (Senior Advisor)[9] Anthony Scaramucci (Finance Committee)[10] George Papadopoulos (Foreign Policy Advisor)[11] Peter Navarro (Trade Advisor) Patrick Caddell (adviser)[12][13][14] Corey Lewandowski (Campaign manager; left campaign on June 20, 2016) Roger Stone (Political adviser; left campaign on August 8, 2015) Sam Nunberg (Political adviser; left campaign on August 3, 2015)[15] Paul Manafort (Campaign chairman; left campaign on August 19, 2016) Rick Gates (Deputy Campaign Chairman; left campaign in August 2016) Michael Caputo (Head of Communications; left campaign on June 20, 2016)[16] Carter Page (Foreign Policy Advisor; left campaign on September 24, 2016)[17] |
| Receipts | US$350,668,435.70[18] (December 31, 2016) |
| Slogan | Make America Great Again LockHer Up Build thewall Make America One Again Make America Proud Again Make America Safe Again Make America Strong Again Make America Work Again Make Manufacturing Great Again The Silent Majority Stands with Trump Trump Digs Coal |
| Chant |
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| Website | |
| www (archived 29 June 2015) | |
 2016 U.S. presidential election | |||
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Business and personal 45th and 47th President of the United States Incumbent Tenure
Impeachments Legal proceedings   | ||
Donald Trump ran a successful campaign for the2016 U.S. presidential election. He formally announced his campaign on June 16, 2015, atTrump Tower inNew York City, initially battling for theRepublican Party's nomination. On May 26, 2016, he became theRepublican Party'spresumptive nominee. Trump was officially nominated on July 19 at theRepublican National Convention.[19] He choseMike Pence, the sittinggovernor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate. On November 8, Trump and Pence were electedpresident andvice president of the United States.
Trump'spopulist[20][21] positions in opposition toillegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as theTrans-Pacific Partnership,[22][23][24][25] earned him support especially among voters who were male,white,[26]blue-collar,working class, and those without college degrees.[27][28] Many voters in theRust Belt, who gave Trump the electoral votes needed to win the presidency,switched from supportingBernie Sanders to Trump afterHillary Clinton wonthe Democratic nomination.[29][30]
Many of Trump's remarks were controversial and helped his campaign garnerextensive coverage by themainstream media,trending topics, andsocial media.[31][32] Trump's campaign rallies attracted large crowds as well as public controversy. Some of the events were marked by incidents of violence between Trump supporters and protesters, mistreatment of some journalists, and disruption by a large group of protesters who effectively shut down amajor rally in Chicago. Trump himself was accused[33] of inciting violence at his rallies.[34][35][36]
Trump's disdain forpolitical correctness was a staple theme of his campaign and proved popular among his supporters.[37] Many, including some mainstream commentators and some prominent Republicans, viewed him as appealing toracism,[38] a charge that Trump repeatedly denied.[39] Trump's most polarizing and widely reported proposals were about issues of immigration and border security, especially his proposed deportation of all illegal immigrants, the proposed construction of a substantialwall on the Mexico–United States border at Mexico's expense, his characterizations of many illegal Mexican immigrants as "criminals, drug dealers, rapists, etc.",[40][41][42][43] and a temporaryban on foreign Muslims entering the U.S. After considerable backlash, he later modified the "Trump travel ban" to apply to people originating from countries which he described as having a history of terrorism against the United States or its allies.[44][45] This was also criticized for excluding countries which the U.S. has significant financial ties with,such as Saudi Arabia.[46][47]
Opposition to Trump grew during his campaign among both Republicans (who viewed Trump as irrevocably damaging to the party and its chances of winning elections during and after 2016, leading to the coalescence of theNever Trump movement) and Democrats (who decried Trump's anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim policies, his behavior toward critics, his treatment of the media, and his support from the ethno-nationalistalt-right). Although some prominent Republican leaders declined to endorse Trump after he won the Republican nomination,[48][49] many Republican congress-members showed support for Trump and his policy positions despite major personal or political conflicts with him.[50] Some such supporters of Trump's campaign were accused, by both conservatives and liberals, of prioritizing party loyalty and avoiding alienation of Trump supporters to ensure re-election, thereby refraining from condemning Trump's actions.[51][52]
On January 6, 2017, the United States government's intelligence agencies concluded that the Russian governmentinterfered in theUnited States elections against the campaign of Clinton and in support of Trump.[53][54] As president, Trump repeatedly rejected the conclusions of the U.S. intelligence agencies.[55][56]
Since the1988 presidential election, Trump was discussed as a potential candidate for president in nearly every election.[57][58] In October 1999, Trumpdeclared himself a potential candidate for theReform Party's presidential nomination,[59] but withdrew on February 14, 2000.[60] In 2004, Trump said that he identified as a Democrat.[61] Trump rejoined the Republican Party in September 2009, chose no party affiliation in December 2011, and again rejoined the GOP in April 2012.[62]At the 2011Conservative Political Action Conference, Trump said he is "pro-life" and "against gun control".[63][64][65] He also spoke beforeTea Party supporters.[66][67][68]Early polls for the 2012 election had Trump among the leading candidates.[69][70][71][72] In December 2011, Trump placed sixth in the "ten most admired men and women living of 2011" telephone survey conducted jointly byUSA Today andGallup.[73] However, Trump announced in May 2011 that after what he termed "several months unofficially campaigning", he would not be a candidate for the office.[74][75]
In 2013, Trump was a featured speaker at the Conservative Political Action Conference.[76] In May 2013, it was reported that Trump had spent 1 million dollars on researching a presidential run in 2016.[77] In October 2013, some New York Republicans, includingJoseph Borelli andCarl Paladino (who later served as New York State Co-chairmen for the presidential campaign),[78] suggested Trump should instead run for governor of the state in 2014.[79] John Gauger, a former employee ofLiberty University, toldThe Wall Street Journal in January 2019 that Trump's "fixer"Michael Cohen hired him to manipulate theDrudge Report andCNBC online polls in favor of Trump in 2014 and 2015.[80] In February 2015, Trump did not renew his television contract forThe Apprentice, which raised speculation of his candidacy for President of the United States in 2016.[81] According to an April 7, 2015, memo released byWikiLeaks,Hillary Clinton's campaign instructed theDemocratic National Committee to focus on "Pied Piper candidates" Donald Trump,Ted Cruz, andBen Carson.[82][83]
Trumpformally announced his candidacy on June 16, 2015, with a campaign rally and a speech atTrump Tower inNew York City. In the moments before his announcement, he came down a golden escalator at Trump Tower, which has since become ametonym for Trump's announcement.[84] In his speech, Trump drew attention todomestic issues, such asillegal immigration,offshoring of American jobs, theU.S. national debt, andIslamic terrorism. The campaign slogan was announced as "Make America Great Again".[89] Trump declared that he wouldself-fund his presidential campaign, and would refuse any money from donors and lobbyists.[90] The British gambling companyLadbrokes offered 150/1 odds of Trump winning the presidency.[91] The campaign hired a casting company to supply paid actors to attend the event.[92][93]
Following the announcement, most of the media's attention focused on Trump's comment onillegal immigration: "When Mexico sends its people, they're not sending their best ... They're sending people that have lots of problems, and they're bringing those problems with [them]. They're bringing drugs. They're bringing crime. They're rapists. And some, I assume, are good people."[94][95] The comment was interpreted and reported in various ways.[96] Trump's statement was controversial and led several businesses and organizations—includingNBC,Macy's,Univision, andNASCAR—to cut ties with Trump.[112] Reactions from other presidential candidates were mixed, with some Republican candidates disagreeing with the tone of Trump's remarks yet supporting the core idea that illegal immigration is an important campaign issue, while other Republican candidates, along with the leading Democratic candidates, condemning Trump's remarks and his policy stances as offensive or inflammatory.[118]
After the public backlash, Trump stood by his comments, citing news articles to back his claims. Trump said that he intended his comments to be aimed solely at thegovernment of Mexico, specifically for using the insecure border as a means of transferring criminals into the United States and said he did not intend his comments to refer to immigrants themselves.[122]
Following his June 2015 announcement, Trump traveled to several early primary states, includingIowa andNew Hampshire, to campaign ahead of the2016 Republican primaries.[126] By early July 2015, Trump was campaigning inthe West, giving rallies and speeches inLas Vegas andLos Angeles.[127] On July 23, he visited the Mexican border and planned to meet with border guards. The meeting did not take place due to the intervention of thelabor union of theU.S. Customs and Border Protection guards.[128]
In July, theFederal Election Commission released details of Trump's wealth and financial holdings, which he had submitted to them when he became a Republican presidential candidate. The report showed assets above $1.4 billion and outstanding debts of at least $265 million.[129][130] Shortly afterwards, Trump's campaign released a statement stating thathis net worth is over $10 billion,[131] althoughForbes estimated it to be $4.5 billion.[132][133] On August 6, 2015, the firstRepublican primary debate took place onFox News. During the debate, Trump refused to rule out athird-party candidacy.[134] Eventually, in September 2015, Trump signed a pledge promising his allegiance to the Republican Party.[135]
On August 21, 2015, the Federal Election Commission released a list of filings fromsuper PACs backing candidates in the 2016 presidential race, which revealed Trump to be the only major presidential candidate among the Republican candidates who appeared not to have a super PAC supporting his candidacy.[136] Two months later, the Make America Great Again PAC, which had collected $1.74 million and spent around $500,000 on polling, consulting, and other activities,[137] was shut down afterThe Washington Post revealed multiple connections to the Trump campaign.[138][139]
In his announcement speech, Trump promised that he would build "a great, great wall" on theUnited States–Mexico border, and emphasized that proposal throughout his campaign, further stating that the construction of thewall would be paid for by Mexico.[94][140] Trump proposed a broader crackdown on illegal immigration, and, in a July 6 statement, claimed that the Mexican government is "forcing their most unwanted people into the United States"—"in many cases, criminals, drug dealers, rapists, etc."[141] In his first town hall meeting inDerry, New Hampshire on August 19, 2015, Trump stated: "Day 1 of my presidency, they're getting out and getting out fast."[142] Trump's Republican rivalJeb Bush stated that "Trump is wrong on this" and "to make these extraordinarily kind of ugly comments is not reflective of the Republican Party".[143] While Trump acknowledged that Republican National Committee ChairmanReince Priebus asked him to tone down his rhetoric on immigration reform, he stated that his conversations with the Republican National Committee on the matter were also "congratulatory".[144]
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At a July 2015 rally inPhoenix, Arizona, Trump was welcomed by theMaricopa County SheriffJoe Arpaio, turning over the lectern for part of his speech to a supporter whose child was killed in Los Angeles in 2008 by a Mexican-born gang member.[145] The brother ofKate Steinle, who was murdered in San Francisco by an illegal immigrant, criticized Trump for politicizing his sister's death,[146][147] while aviral video related to her death produced by a Trump supporter independent of the campaign gave Trump an advantage during the primaries.[148][149]
Univision announced it would no longer carry broadcasts of theMiss USA Pageant.[150] In response, Trump indicated the matter would be handled by legal action, and followed through by filing a $500 million lawsuit against Univision. The complaint asserted that Univision was attempting to suppress Trump'sFirst Amendment rights by putting pressure on his business ventures.[151]NBC announced it would not air theMiss Universe or Miss USA pageant.[152][153] Afterwards, the multinational media companyGrupo Televisa severed ties with Trump,[154] as didOra TV,[155] a television network partly owned by Mexican billionaireCarlos Slim.[156]
Macy's announced it would phase out its Trump-branded merchandise.[157]Serta, a mattress manufacturer, also decided to drop their business relationship with Trump.[158]NASCAR ended its sponsorship with Trump by announcing it would not hold its post-season awards banquet at theTrump National Doral Miami.[159]
Among the American public, reactions to Trump's border-wall proposal were polarized by party, with a large majority of Republicans supporting the proposal and a large majority of Democrats against it; overall, a September 2015 poll showed 48 percent of U.S. adults supporting Trump's proposal, while a March 2016 poll showed 34 percent of U.S. adults supporting it.[160][161]
In remarks made following theNovember 2015 Paris attacks, Trump stated that he would support a database for tracking Muslims in the United States and expanded surveillance ofmosques.[162][163] Trump's support for an American Muslim database "drew sharp rebukes from his Republican presidential rivals and disbelief from legal experts."[164]
On December 7, 2015, in response to the2015 San Bernardino attack, Trump further called for a temporary ban on any Muslims entering the country. He issued a written statement saying, "Donald J. Trump is calling for a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country's representatives can figure out what is going on," which he repeated at subsequent political rallies.[165][166][167]
The next day, December 8, 2015, thePentagon issued a statement of concern, stating Trump's remarks could strengthen the resolve of theIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).[168] ThePrime Minister of the United Kingdom,David Cameron, and thePrime Minister of France,Manuel Valls, both issued statements in response to Trump's press release condemning him.[169][170] Trump was also criticized by leading Republican Party figures, includingRepublican National Committee chairmanReince Priebus.[171]
Following Trump's controversial comments on Muslim immigration, a petition[172] was begun on theBritish Parliament'se-petition website, calling on the UK government'sHome Secretary to bar him from entering the country. The total number of signatures exceeded the required half-million threshold to trigger a parliamentary debate.[173][174] On January 18, the UK'sHouse of Commons debated whether to ban Trump from the country; however, while some in the House condemned Trump's remarks and described them as "crazy" and "offensive", most were opposed to intervening in the electoral process of another country, and a vote was not taken.[175][176]
Trump later appeared to modify his position on Muslims. In May he stated that his proposed ban was "just a suggestion". In June he stated that the temporary ban would apply to people originating from countries with a proven history of terrorism against the United States or its allies.[177] He also commented that it "wouldn't bother me" ifMuslims from Scotland entered the United States.[178]
Trump caused further controversy when he recounted an apocryphal story about how U.S. generalJohn J. Pershing shot Muslim rebels with pig's blood-dipped bullets in order to deter them during theMoro Rebellion. His comments were strongly denounced by theCouncil on American-Islamic Relations.[179][180][181][182][183]
Trump had high poll numbers during the primaries.[184][185] A survey conducted byThe Economist/YouGov released July 9, 2015, was the first major nationwide poll to show Trump as the 2016 Republican presidential front-runner.[186] A Suffolk/USA Today poll released on July 14, 2015, showed Trump with 17 percent support among Republican voters, withJeb Bush at 14 percent.[187] AThe Washington Post/ABC News poll taken on July 16–19, showed Trump had 24 percent Republican support, overScott Walker at 13 percent.[188] ACNN/ORC poll showed Trump in the lead at 18 percent support among Republican voters, over Jeb Bush at 15 percent,[189][190] and a CBS News poll from August 4 showed Trump with 24 percent support, Bush second at 13 percent, and Walker third at 10 percent.[191]
A CNN/ORC poll taken August 13–16, 2015, in theswing states of Florida, Ohio and Pennsylvania showed Trump ahead of, or narrowly trailingDemocratic candidate Hillary Clinton in direct match-ups in those states.[192] In Florida, Trump led by two points, and in both Ohio and Pennsylvania, he was within five points of Clinton.[185]
Surveys taken in late 2015 showed Trump polling unfavorably among women and non-white voters, with 64 percent of women viewing Trump unfavorably and 74 percent of non-white voters having a negative view of the candidate, according to a November 2015 ABC News/Washington Post poll.[193] APublic Religion Research Institute survey in November 2015 found that many of his supporters were working-class voters with negative feelings towards migrants (in addition to holding strong financial concerns).[194][195]
Trump's status as the consistent front-runner for the Republican nomination led to him being featured on the cover ofTime magazine in August 2015, with the caption: "Deal with it."[196]
In the lead-up to theIowa caucus, poll averages showed Trump as the front-runner with a roughly four percent lead.[197] Ted Cruz came in first in the vote count, ahead of Trump. Cruz, who campaigned strongly among evangelical Christians,[198] was supported by church pastors that coordinated a volunteer campaign toget out the vote.[199] Before the Iowa vote, an email from the Cruz campaign falsely implied that Ben Carson was about to quit the race, encouraging Carson's supporters to vote for Cruz instead.[200][201] Trump later posted onTwitter, "Many people voted for Cruz over Carson because of this Cruz fraud", and wrote, "Ted Cruz didn't win Iowa, he stole it."[202]
Following his loss in Iowa, Trump rebounded in theNew Hampshire primary, coming in first place with 35 percent of the vote, the biggest victory in a New Hampshire Republican primary since at least 2000.[203][204] Trump "tapped into a deep well of anxiety among Republicans and independents in New Hampshire, according to exit polling data", running strongest among voters who feared "illegal immigrants, incipient economic turmoil and the threat of a terrorist attack in the United States".[203] Trump commented that in the run-up to the primary, his campaign had "learned a lot about ground games in a week".[205]
This was followed by another wide victory inSouth Carolina, furthering his lead among the Republican candidates.[206][207] He won theNevada caucus on February 24 with alandslide 45.9 percent of the vote, his biggest victory yet;Marco Rubio placed second with 23.9 percent.[208][209]
By May 2016, Trump held a commanding lead in the number of state contests won and in the delegate count. After Trump won theIndiana contest, Cruz dropped out of the race.[210] He had called Indiana a pivotal opportunity to stop Trump from clinching the nomination. Following Trump's Indiana win, Republican National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus, among others, called Trump the party'spresumptive nominee, though he noted that Trump still needed more delegates to clinch the nomination.[211]
After becoming the presumptive Republican nominee, Trump said regarding the Republican primaries: "You've been hearing me say it's a rigged system, but now I don't say it anymore because I won. It's true. Now I don't care."[212]
Trump held largerallies during his campaign,[213][214][215] routinely packing arenas and high school gymnasiums with crowds.[216] A Trump rally on July 11, 2015, inPhoenix, Arizona, Trump was introduced by Maricopa County SheriffJoe Arpaio. During his speech, Trump invokedRichard Nixon's "silent majority" speech, saying "The silent majority is back."[217] In the final month of his campaign, Donald Trump used the phrase "drain the swamp" in his rallies, pledging his supporters to "make our government honest once again."[218][219][220] Trump said he originally "hated" the phrase, but when people reacted positively to it, he began "saying it like I meant it".[221]
During the primaries, the Trump campaign sometimes required all attendants at its rallies to take anLoyalty oath. Fellow candidateTed Cruz likened it pledging to a King.[222][223][224][225][226]
There were verbal and physical confrontations between Trump supporters and protesters at Trump's events, some committed by supporters and others by anti-Trump demonstrators. Some protesters were asked to leave, removed by security, or arrested for trespassing at Trump's events.[227][228] Additionally, there were incidents near Trump properties related to the campaign.[229][230][231][232]
On several occasions in late 2015 and early 2016, Trump was accused of encouraging violence and escalating tension at campaign events.[233][234][235] Prior to November he used to tell his rallies "Get 'em (protesters) out, but don't hurt 'em."[236] But in November 2015, Trump said of a protester in Birmingham, Alabama, "Maybe he should have been roughed up, because it was absolutely disgusting what he was doing."[236] On February 1 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, he told the crowd there might be tomato-throwing protesters, and urged his audience to "knock the crap out of 'em" if anyone should try. "I promise you, I will pay the legal fees", he added.[237] On February 23, 2016, at a rally in Las Vegas, Trump reacted to a protester by saying "I love the old days—you know what they used to do to guys like that when they were in a place like this? They'd be carried out on a stretcher, folks", adding "I'd like to punch him in the face."[238][239][240] On March 9 a Trump supporter was charged with assault after he sucker-punched a protester who was being led out of the event.[241] When Trump was asked if he would pay the man's legal fees, Trump said he was "looking into it", although he "doesn't condone violence in any shape".[242] The local sheriff's office considered filing charges against Trump for "inciting a riot" at that event, but concluded there was not sufficient evidence to charge him.[243]
On May 3, Trump became thepresumptive nominee of the Republican Party after his victory in Indiana and the withdrawal of the last competitors,Ted Cruz andJohn Kasich, from the race.[244]
Some Republicans declined to support Trump's candidacy, including former primary rival Jeb Bush (who announced that he would not vote for Trump) and Bush's father and brother, former presidentsGeorge H. W. Bush andGeorge W. Bush (who announced that they would not endorse Trump).[245]Paul Ryan announced that he was "not ready" to endorse Trump for the presidency.[246] On May 8, Trump's campaign said that he would not rule out a bid to remove Ryan from his post as chairman of the2016 Republican National Convention,[247] and the following day, Ryan said that he would step down as convention chairman if asked by Trump to do so.[248] On June 2, Ryan announced that he would vote for Trump.[249]
SenatorJeff Sessions was the first sitting U.S. senator to endorse Trump.[250] Other prominent Republicans, such as Senate Majority LeaderMitch McConnell, governorsBobby Jindal andRick Perry, and former senator and Republican presidential nomineeBob Dole, followed.[245][251][252] McConnell stated, "The right-of-center world needs to respect the fact that the primary voters have spoken."[253]
On May 26, Trump secured his 1,238th delegate, achieving a majority of the available delegates.[254]
In June 2016, two groups of Republican delegates opposed to Trump emerged.Free the Delegates sought to change the convention rules to include a 'conscience clause' that would allow delegates bound to Trump to vote against him.[255][256]Delegates Unbound engaged in "an effort to convince delegates that they have the authority and the ability to vote for whomever they want".[257][258] According to the group, "There is no language supporting binding in the temporary rules of the convention, which are the only rules that matter" and "barring any rules changes at the convention, delegates can vote their conscience on the first ballot."[257][258]
On May 9, Trump namedNew Jersey GovernorChris Christie to head ateam to plan the transition of the presidency in the event of a Trump victory.[259] In November 2016, after calls for hisimpeachment as Governor andfelony convictions in U.S. federal court for high-ranking members of his staff in theBridgegate scandal, Christie was dropped by Trump as leader of the transition team, in favor ofMike Pence.[260][261]
On June 20, 2016, Trump fired his campaign managerCorey Lewandowski, reportedly in response to lagging fundraising and campaign infrastructure (as well as power struggles within the campaign, according to multiple GOP sources).Paul Manafort, Trump's campaign chairman, who was brought in during the primary to prepare for a contested convention, assumed the role of chief strategist.[262][263]
Kevin Kellems, a veteran GOP strategist and former aide to Vice PresidentDick Cheney, resigned from Trump's staff after he was appointed to help inspect the campaign's surrogate operations.[264] Erica Freeman, another aide to Trump who worked with surrogates, also resigned.[264]
In June 2016, Trump hiredJason Miller to assist the communications operation.[264] On July 1, 2016, Trump announced he hiredKellyanne Conway, a veteran GOP strategist and canvasser, for a senior advisory position.[264] Conway, who formerly backed Cruz, was expected to advise Trump on how to better appeal to female voters.[264] Conway had headed a pro-Cruz super PAC funded by hedge-fund tycoonRobert Mercer. After Trump won the Republican presidential nomination, the PAC morphed into the "Defeat Crooked Hillary PAC". When the Trump campaign hired Conway, it referred to her as "widely regarded as an expert on female consumers and voters."[265] Conway became the first woman to run a Republican general election presidential campaign.[266]David Urban took a role as a senior advisor to the campaign, focusing on the effort to win Pennsylvania.[267]
On August 17, 2016, Trump announcedBreitbart News executive chairmanStephen Bannon as the campaign chief executive and promoted Conway to campaign manager, replacing Paul Manafort who had been handling those duties unofficially. Manafort had been criticized in the media for connections to formerUkrainian PresidentViktor Yanukovich[268] and other dictators.[269] Although Manafort initially retained the title of campaign chairman,[270][271] he resigned from this position on August 19, 2016.[272][273]
In September 2016, Trump hiredDavid Bossie, longtime president of the conservative advocacy groupCitizens United, to be his new deputy campaign manager.[274]
From early to mid-July, various media outlets widely reported that Trump'sshort list for his pick as vice president and running mate had narrowed to Indiana governor Mike Pence, New Jersey governor Chris Christie, and formerSpeaker of the HouseNewt Gingrich.[275][276][277]
On July 15, 2016, Trump officially announced via Twitter that he had chosen Pence to be his running mate.[278] Trump introduced Pence as his running mate at a press conference the next day.[279] Pence formally accepted the nomination on July 20 at the Republican National Convention.
On October 27, 2016, Pence'sBoeing 737-700 airplanefishtailed off the runway atLaGuardia Airport in New York during landing. There were no injuries reported among those on board, which included members of the press in the back of the plane. As a result of the accident, Pence cancelled a campaign event that night, though said on Twitter that he would be back campaigning the next day on October 28.[280][281][282]
The first of threepresidential debates took place on September 26, at New York'sHofstra University. The moderator wasLester Holt ofNBC.[283] A live-TV audience of 84 million viewers set a viewership record for presidential debates.[284] Scientificpolls showed that most voters thought Hillary Clinton performed better than Donald Trump in the debate.[285][286] The second debate was held on October 9, atWashington University in St. Louis, Missouri.[287] The co-moderators were CNN'sAnderson Cooper and ABC News'Martha Raddatz. Trump tweeted on Tuesday morning that "every poll" declared him the winner.[288] The final debate took place on the campus of theUNLV in Las Vegas, Nevada on October 19. The moderator wasChris Wallace ofFox News.[289]
TheLas Vegas Review-Journal was the first and only major newspaper to endorse Donald Trump's campaign.[290][291] Many Republican-leaning papers endorsed Clinton or urged readers not to vote for Trump while declining to endorse any other candidate.[292][293]
TheHouston Chronicle,The Cincinnati Enquirer,The Dallas Morning News, andThe Arizona Republic editorial boards, which normally endorse Republican candidates, endorsed Hillary Clinton.[292][293]TheNew Hampshire Union Leader, which had endorsed the Republican in every election for the last 100 years, endorsed Gary Johnson.[294] Several news reports, including one byChris Cillizza, political reporter forThe Washington Post, compared the 2016 Donald Trump political campaign toThe Waldo Moment, a 2013 episode of theBlack Mirror TV series;[295][296] in September 2016, episode writerCharlie Brooker also compared the Trump campaign to the episode and predicted Trump would win.[297][298]
USA Today, which never had endorsed a candidate in its 34-year history, took sides in the race with an editorial that had declared Trump to be "erratic", described his business career as "checkered", and called him a "serial liar" and "unfit for the presidency". The newspaper, however, said the "editorial does not represent unqualified support for Hillary Clinton."[299][300][301]
Viktor Orban, the PM of Hungary, was the first foreign leader to endorse Trump before the elections.[302]
As the results came in on election night, November 8, 2016, Trump won in multiple states that had been predicted to go to Clinton. In the early morning hours of November 9, media sources declared Trump the winner of the presidency, crediting him with 279 electoral college votes where 270 were needed to win.[303][304] Clinton then phoned Trump to concede and to congratulate him on his victory, whereupon Trump gave a victory speech.[305] His victory was widely described as a "stunning upset", since most pre-election polling had predicted a Clinton win.[306][307] Trump became the first Republican since the 1980s to win the states ofPennsylvania,Michigan, andWisconsin.
As of November 28, Trump is credited with 306 electoral votes compared to 232 for Clinton.[308][309][310] In the nationwide popular vote, Clinton received over 2.8 million (2.1%) more votes than Trump.[308][311][312][313] Trump is the fifth presidential candidate in U.S. history to win the election but lose the popular vote.[314] This is the biggest-ever raw-vote loss in the popular vote for a candidate who won the election, though not by percentage.[315] The previous non-incumbent Republican to win the presidency,George W. Bush, had held the record with a loss of 543,895 votes.
Trump's share of the electoral vote was 56.9%; in a ranking of electoral votes in the 54 presidential elections since the ratification of theTwelfth Amendment in 1804 it is in 44th place.[316]
In an unprecedented move, Trump kept his presidential campaign organization in place after he assumed the presidency. As of January 2017[update] the campaign office in Trump Tower continued with a staff of about ten people, led by Michael Glassner. It focused on data-building and fundraising for a2020 re-election campaign.[317]
In May 2017, a senior aide to the campaign, Healy Baumgardner-Nardone, disclosed that she was lobbying for the Malaysian government.[318] The former campaign manager,Corey Lewandowski, left a lobbying firm he had co-founded after the election, because it solicited in Eastern Europe.[319]
A joint report published in June 2019 by theCenter for Public Integrity,NBC News andCNBC detailed that the 2016 and 2020 Trump campaigns have yet to pay bills totaling over $800,000 to 10 city governments for costs incurred to ensure public safety with regard to Trump campaign rallies. The rallies took place from January 2016 to August 2016 inBurlington, Vermont,Tucson, Arizona,Eau Claire, Wisconsin,Spokane, Washington,Green Bay, Wisconsin, and from September 2018 to February 2019 inBillings, Montana,Erie, Pennsylvania,Lebanon, Ohio,Mesa, Arizona, andEl Paso, Texas.[320]
Starting in 2015, several allied foreign intelligence agencies began reporting secret contacts between Trump campaigners and known or suspected Russian agents in multiple European cities.[321][322][323] In November 2016, Russian Deputy Foreign MinisterSergei Ryabkov contradicted Trump's denials by confirming the Trump campaign had been in contact with Russia, stating in a 2016 Interfax news agency interview: "Obviously, we know most of the people from his entourage," adding "I cannot say that all of them but quite a few have been staying in touch with Russian representatives."[324][325]
Beginning on July 31, 2016, the campaign became the target of a covert FBI investigation known asCrossfire Hurricane, as well as several otherindependent FBI sources, to discover if any coordination existed between the campaign and Russia or other criminal activity occurred.[326] On January 6, 2017, theUnited States government's intelligence agencies concluded that theRussian governmentinterfered in the2016 United States elections.[53] A jointU.S. intelligence community review ordered byPresident Barack Obama stated with high confidence that "Russian PresidentVladimir V. Putin ordered an influence campaign in 2016 aimed at the US presidential election. Russia's goals were to undermine public faith in the US democratic process, denigrate Secretary Clinton, and harm her electability and potential presidency,"[54] and boost the candidacy of Donald Trump.[327]
Investigations about potential collusion between the Trump campaign and Russian officials were started by theFBI,[328] theSenate Intelligence Committee,[329] and theHouse Intelligence Committee.[330] In May 2017,Acting Attorney GeneralRod Rosenstein appointedFBI DirectorRobert S. Mueller III asSpecial Counsel to oversee an investigation into "any links and/or coordination between the Russian government and individuals associates with the campaign of President Donald Trump; and (ii) any matters that arose or may arise directly from the investigation."[331] Many suspicious[322][321]links between Trump associates and Russian officials and spies were identified by theFBI,Special counsel and several United Statescongressional committees, as part of their investigations into the Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections. As of July 2018[update], the Mueller investigation obtained indictments or guilty pleas from 32 individuals and three Russian companies.[332]
As president, Trump has repeatedly rejected the conclusions of the U.S. intelligence agencies that the Russian government interfered in the election and has also denied allegations that his campaign colluded with Russia.[55][56]
The March 2019report issued by special council Robert Mueller at the conclusion of his investigations did not conclude that President Trump, whether as a candidate or President elect, had committed a crime, but described multiple instances of possible obstruction of justice and left it up to Congress to deal with the issue.[333]
Trump has stated that he is a "conservative Republican".[334] CommentatorsNorman Ornstein andBill Kristol labeled his collective political positions as "Trumpism".[335][336]The Wall Street Journal used the term in drawing parallels with populist movements in China and the Philippines.[337] From an external political perspective, German Vice ChancellorSigmar Gabriel termed Trump aright-wing populist similar toMarine Le Pen,Geert Wilders orSilvio Berlusconi.[338]The New York Times Magazine analogized Trump's positions with that of past populist figuresGeorge Wallace andGeorge McGovern in terms of the us-versus-them approaches.[20]
Opposition to international trade agreements on the grounds that they hurt American workers by moving jobs abroad was one of the central themes of Trump's campaign.[339] Trump's chief trade advisor during the campaign wasPeter Navarro.[340]
Navarro and the international private equity investorWilbur Ross authored a short economic endorsement plan for the Donald Trump presidential campaign in September 2016 which was published without academic references and criticized in the press.[343] Navarro was invited to be an adviser afterJared Kushner saw on Amazon that he co-wroteDeath by China, while he was researching China for Trump.[344] and told when theTax Policy Center assessed that Trump's economic plan would reduce federal revenues by $6 trillion and reduce economic growth in the long term, Navarro said that the analysis demonstrated "a high degree of analytical and political malfeasance".[345] When the Peterson Institute for International Affairs estimated that Trump's economic plan would cost millions of Americans their jobs, Navarro said that writers at the Peterson Institute "weave a false narrative and they come up with some phony numbers."[346] According to MIT economistSimon Johnson, the economic plan essay authored by Navarro and Wilbur Ross for Donald Trump during the campaign had projections "based on assumptions so unrealistic that they seem to have come from a different planet. If the United States really did adopt Trump's plan, the result would be an immediate and unmitigated disaster."[347] When 370 economists, including nineteen Nobel laureates, signed a letter warning against Donald Trump's stated economic policies in November 2016, Navarro said that the letter was "an embarrassment to the corporate offshoring wing of the economist profession who continues to insist bad trade deals are good for America."[348][349]
During the campaign, Navarro was given an office on the 14th floor ofTrump Tower, where he worked on economic plans that heavily focused on starting a trade war against China.[350] In October 2016, withWilbur Ross andAndy Puzder, Navarro coauthored the essay "Economic Analysis of Donald Trump's Contract with the American Voter".[351] On December 21, 2016, Navarro was selected by President-electDonald Trump to head a newly created position, as director of theWhite House National Trade Council.[352] He endorsed President Trump's trade policy as aiming to create jobs, revive the manufacturing sector, and improve the country's trade balance. He warned that trade deficits could jeopardize U.S. national security by allowing unfriendly nations to encroach on American supply chains. One of his main missions is to focus on behaviors by other countries that he considers abusive, cheating, illegal, and unfair against the U.S.[353][354][355]
The campaign drew heavily on Trump's personal image, enhanced by his previous media exposure. Prior to his presidential bid,The Trump Organization also relied on the 'Trump' surname as a key part of its marketing strategy. Consequently, the 'Trump' name was in widespread use in the U.S. well before the presidential campaign itself started. Due to successful branding and media coverage, Trump soon gained a leverage in the race despite spending comparatively little on advertising himself.[356][357]
Before the announcement ofMike Pence as running mate in July 2016, the campaign relied on awordmark of the 'Trump' surname capitalised and set in the boldAkzidenz-Grotesk typeface. Following the announcement, the campaign unveiled a new logo combining the names of the two candidates by featuring an interlocking 'T' and 'P', formed to create the image of theAmerican flag.[359] The logo became the subject of parodies that interpreted the symbol as being sexually suggestive; the campaign revised the logo shortly afterward to remove the flag and interlocking symbol, leaving the wordmark.[359][360]
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The primary slogan of the Trump campaign, extensively used on campaign merchandise, isMake America Great Again. Thered baseball cap with the slogan emblazoned on the front became a symbol of the campaign, and is frequently donned by Trump and his supporters.[361] The hats were so important to the campaign that it spent more money to make them than on polling, consultants, or television advertisements.[362]
In addition, UK big data voter opinion influencerCambridge Analytics was hired by the Trump campaign in 2016.[363] In March 2018, it was revealed through undercover footage that Cambridge Analytica used seductive women to entice a rival candidate while secretly videotaping the encounter. The firm also sent impostors who acted like wealthy individuals only to give them bribes.[364]
In October 2016, the Trump campaign had 178 field offices compared to Clinton's 489.[365] The Trump campaign's number of field offices lagged far behind those Romney and Obama in 2012.[365] Political science research showed that field offices had a modest positive effect on a candidate's vote share.[365][366] The Trump campaign was reportedly almost fully reliant on the Republican National Committee for field offices in swing states.[365] As the field offices are organized by state and local Republican parties, they may not have been strategically located in terms of boosting turnout for the Republican presidential candidate.[365]
During the 2016 campaign, Trump reportedly programmed his own campaign rally playlists.[367] Trump's musical preferences have been well-documented in several of his books. In his bookThink Like a Billionaire he states that he returns to favorites likeFrank Sinatra andTony Bennett, while also appreciating a more diverse catalogue including rap artistEminem and reggae groupToots and The Maytals.[368] The campaign playlist was as diverse, and includedthe Rolling Stones' "You Can't Always Get What You Want,"Queen's "We Are the Champions,"the Beatles' "Here Comes the Sun" andLuciano Pavarotti's "Nessun Dorma".[369] The Trump campaign's "warm-up music"—a track played before rallies began with the intention of energizing the crowd—regularly included:[370]
The Trump campaign was publicly criticized for unauthorized use of music by several artists including the Rolling Stones, R.E.M.'s frontmanMichael Stipe, Queen's music publisher, andGeorge Harrison's estate, whose music was played at campaign rallies.[369][371][372]
Trump spent only a modest amount on advertising during the primary—$10 million through February 2016, far behind opponents such as Jeb Bush ($82 million), Marco Rubio ($55 million), and Ted Cruz ($22 million).[373] Trump benefited from free media more than any other candidate. From the beginning of his campaign through February 2016, Trump received almost $2 billion in free media attention, twice the amount that Hillary Clinton received.[373] Trump earned $400 million alone in the month of February.[373] According to data from the Tyndall Report, which tracks nightly news content, through February 2016, Trump alone accounted for more than a quarter of all 2016 election coverage on the evening newscasts ofNBC,CBS andABC, more than all the Democratic campaigns combined.[374][375][376] Observers noted Trump's ability to garner constant mainstream media coverage "almost at will".[377]
In response, a petition to "Stop promoting Donald Trump" accused the media of giving Trump endless airtime for the purpose of increasing viewership and ratings and quickly amassed over 200,000 signatures.[378] The media's coverage of Trump generated some disagreement as to its effect on his campaign.[379] Writing inThe Washington Post,John M. Sides argued that Trump's success was because of the mass news coverage,[380] yet a later article inThe Washington Post stated that he remained successful in spite of the drop in media attention.[381] On September 21, 2015,Politico said, "blaming the press for the Trump surge neglects the salient fact that so much of the coverage of him has been darkly negative."[382] However, Barry Bennett—senior adviser to Trump—said in response to the high number of interviews Trump has given:
Well the demand is pretty high so it's hard not to do them. And it's free media. And we've literally gotten hundreds of millions of dollars worth of free media. No other candidate can talk when everybody is talking about you. So there's some strategic benefit to it.[383]
In a January 2016 interview with CBS, Trump said of his campaign's plans to purchase advertising; "I think I'm probably wasting the money. But I'm $35 million under budget. Look, I was going to have 35 or 40 million spent by now. I haven't spent anything. I almost feel guilty ... I'm leading by, as you all say, a lot. You can take the CBS poll. You can take any poll and I'm winning by a lot. I don't think I need the ads. But I'm doing them. I almost feel guilty."[384][385][386]
In February 2016, in response to complaints from Trump thatFox News reporter Megyn Kelly would be unfair to him in aRepublican primary debate preceding theIowa caucuses, Fox released a sarcastic statement about Trump, saying they were "surprised he's willing to show that much fear", regarding Kelly.[387] Trump responded by criticizing the "wise-guy press release" and withdrew from the debate, instead hosting a competing event in the state designed to raise money for wounded veterans on the day of the debate.[388][389] In a November 2019 court settlement, Trump was ordered to pay a $2 million (~$2.35 million in 2023) fine for misusing hisTrump Foundation for political and business purposes. In the settlement, Trump acknowledged that the veterans fundraiser had actually been a campaign event and the $2.8 million in raised funds were placed under the full control of his campaign.[390]
Trump frequently criticized the media for writing what he alleged to be false stories about him and referred to them as being the "worst people"[391] and he has called upon his supporters to be "the silent majority", apparently referencing the media.[217] At a rally inFort Worth, Texas, in February 2016, Trump stated that if elected he would "open up our libel laws so when they write purposely negative and horrible and false articles, we can sue them and win lots of money". Trump specifically alleged that reporting about him byThe New York Times andThe Washington Post has included falsehoods.[392][393] Trump says the media "put false meaning into the words I say", and says he does not mind being criticized by the media as long as they are honest about it.[394][395]
After Trump won the nomination, historiansFredrik Logevall and Kenneth Osgood noted that, "Hardly a day passes without some columnist comparing Donald J. Trump toHuey Long,Father Coughlin orGeorge Wallace."[396]
A 2018 study found that media coverage of Trump led to increased public support for him during the primaries. The study showed Trump received nearly $2 billion in free media, more than double any other candidate. Political scientist John Sides argued that Trump's polling surge was "almost certainly" due to frequent media coverage of his campaign. Sides concluded "Trump is surging in the polls because the news media has consistently focused on him since he announced his candidacy on June 16".[397]
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It appeared Trump was receiving little support fromAfrican Americans: in a poll in August 2016, only 5% of black voters said they intended to vote for him.[398] Trump ended up receiving 8% of the African-American vote (about half a million more thanMitt Romney in 2012).[399] Starting in July and August, in an effort to improve his appeal to black Americans, Trump was vocal in expressing concern for their situations. Speaking in Virginia in August, 2016, Trump said, "You're living in your poverty, your schools are no good, you have no jobs, 58 percent of your youth is unemployed—what the hell do you have to lose by trying something new, like Trump?....Look. It is a disaster the way African-Americans are living ... We'll get rid of the crime ... You'll be able to walk down the street without getting shot."[400] He accused Clinton ofracism and bigotry.[401]
On September 3, Trump visited a black congregation inDetroit, Michigan, accompanied by former Republican presidential candidateDr. Ben Carson. Trump was interviewed afterward by Bishop Wayne T. Jackson for the church's cable channel.[402] On September 15, as Trump was addressing an assembly at Bethel United Methodist Church inFlint, Michigan, the pastor, Faith Green Timmons, interrupted him as he criticized Clinton, asking him not to "give a political speech". Trump complied.[403]
NoFortune 100 CEO donated to Trump's presidential campaign. Eleven donated to Trump's rival Clinton, and 89 contributed to neither. This represented a shift from 2012 when Republican nomineeMitt Romney received major support from American business executives.[404][405]
In May 2016, the president of theU.S. Chamber of Commerce commented that the business community was cautious about Trump and Clinton.[406] Members of the community who endorsed Trump include investorsT. Boone Pickens,Carl Icahn andWilbur Ross,Home Depot co-founderKen Langone, and entrepreneur andPayPal co-founderPeter Thiel.[407][408][409] As of January 2016[update], small and mid-size business owners and officers were second to retirees as the most common donors to Trump's campaign. Reasons cited for their support of Trump included opposition to Obamacare, immigration and feeling "fed up with politicians".[410] In a survey conducted in late January 2016, 38 percent of small business owners indicated that they believed Trump would be the best president for small business, while 21 percent selected Hillary Clinton.[411]
Other members of the business community were critical. In June 2016, the Clinton campaign released a list of endorsements from 50 current and former business leaders, including longtime Republicans.[412] The group included longtime Democrats and Clinton supporters, likeWarren Buffett andMarc Benioff, as well as independents or Republicans who had switched sides, likeDaniel Akerson andHamid R. Moghadam.[407][413]
Trump'sright-wing populist positions—nativist,protectionist, and semi-isolationist—differ in many ways from traditionalconservatism.[414] He opposes manyfree trade deals andmilitary interventionist policies that conservatives generally support, and opposes cuts inMedicare andSocial Security benefits. While insisting that Washington is "broken" and can only be fixed by an outsider,[22][415][416] Washington-based conservatives were surprised by the popular support for his positions.[414]
Trump polled well withTea Party voters, and politicians with tea party ties, such asSarah Palin, similarly endorsed Trump.[417][418]
Some prominent conservatives praised Trump.Newt Gingrich described him as the latest incarnation of the Reagan Revolution, and said his election would be "very healthy for America".[419] In the aftermath of Trump's statements regarding the Khan's, Gingrich said Trump was making himself a less acceptable candidate for the presidency than Clinton, but that "Trump is vastly better than Hillary as President".[420][421]Rush Limbaugh, while clearly favoringTed Cruz, relished the degree to which Trump exposed the conservative establishment as an elitist self-interested clique.[422][423]Sean Hannity was an unapologetic advocate for Trump and endorsed him.[424][425]
In July and August 2015, U.S. SenatorJohn McCain and Trump criticized each other, primarily over immigration.[426] At a July 18, 2015, event Trump described McCain as a "loser" and added, "He's not a war hero. He was a war hero because he was captured. I like people who weren't captured."[427][428] His comments were criticized; some of his primary rivals said he should withdraw from the race.[427][429] Trump later denied having said McCain is not a war hero, saying "If somebody's a prisoner, I consider them a war hero." He criticized McCain for not having done enough for veterans.[426] In 2014, McCain worked with senatorBernie Sanders to create theVeterans Choice program, which Trump later claimed more than 150 times he had created.[430] McCain said Trump should apologize, not to him personally, but to former American prisoners of war and "the families of those who have sacrificed in conflict".[431][432] Trump declined to issue any apology.[433]
Eventually, McCain endorsed Trump because he was the nominee of the Republican party.[434] On August 2, Trump stated he was not endorsing McCain for the Republican nomination for his Senate seat.[435] Three days later, however, he did endorse him, saying in prepared remarks, "I hold in the highest esteem Sen. John McCain for his service to our country in uniform and in public office and I fully support and endorse his reelection."[436] McCain later withdrew his endorsement following theAccess Hollywood controversy in October 2016.[437]
Republican SenatorLindsey Graham, a primary rival, was "one of Trump's fiercest critics". He called Trump a "race-baiting, xenophobic, religious bigot" and asserted that Trump doesn't have the temperament or judgment to be president.[438] After Trump attacked a federal judge for his Mexican heritage, Graham urged people who had endorsed Trump to rescind their endorsements, saying "This is the most un-American thing from a politician since Joe McCarthy."[439]
TheJeb Bush–Trump dynamic was one of the more contentious relationships among Republicans.[440][441]Bush's campaign spent tens of millions of dollars on anti-Trump ads,[442][443][444] while Trump mocked Bush as "low energy".[445][446][447] During an exchange with Bush in the ninth Republican primary debate, the audience (most favoring Bush) repeatedlybooed Trump.[448][449][450][451] Trump scoffed that the audience was made up of "Jeb's special interests andlobbyists".[448][452] According toThe Washington Post, the most telling aspect of the Bush–Trump duel may have been that, "No candidate in the race was prepared for GOP voters' opposition to immigration, with the exception of Trump", and the anti-illegal immigration sentiment that Trump tapped into, including with theAct of Love advert.[453]
Texas SenatorTed Cruz was a rival for the Republican nomination. In the early days of the primary Cruz showered praise on Trump. But as the primary season went on, Cruz called Trump a "bully" and a "pathological liar", and Trump took to referring to Cruz as "Lyin' Ted".[454] Trump claimed Cruz was not eligible to be president because he was born in Canada.[455] However, on September 23, 2016, Cruz publicly endorsed Trump for president because he was the nominee of the Republican party.[456]
A concerted effort by some Republicans and other prominent conservatives to prevent Trump from obtaining the Republican Party presidential nomination gained momentum following Trump's wins in the Super Tuesday primaries on March 15, 2016.[457][458][459]
On March 17, 2016, several dozen conservatives met at theArmy and Navy Club of Washington DC to discuss preventing Trump from securing the nomination. Among the strategies discussed were a "unity ticket",[460] a possible third-party candidate and a contested convention, especially if Trump did not gain the 1,237 delegates necessary.[461]
In June 2016, activistsEric O'Keefe and Dane Waters formed a group calledDelegates Unbound, attempting to convince delegates to vote for whomever they want.[257][258][462] By June 19, hundreds of delegates to the Republican National Convention calling themselvesFree the Delegates had begun raising funds and recruiting members in support of an effort to change Party convention rules to free delegates to vote however they want—instead of according to the results of state caucuses and primaries.[463] However, the convention's Rules Committee voted down, by a vote of 84–21, a move to send a "minority report" to the floor allowing the unbinding of delegates, thereby defeating the "Stop Trump" activists and guaranteeing Trump's nomination. The committee then endorsed the opposite option, voting 87–12 to include rules language specifically stating that delegates were required to vote based on their states' primary and caucus results.[464]
Other conservative commentators were strongly opposed to him.National Review released a January 2016 special issue called "Against Trump", in opposition to Trump's bid for the presidency.[465][466][467]William Kristol, publisher ofThe Weekly Standard, was highly critical of Trump and carried on a public search for an independent candidate to run against Trump and Clinton in the general election, citing a "patriotic obligation to try and offer the American people a third way".[468][469]
On February 24, 2016, Romney called on Trump to release his tax returns, suggesting they contain a "bombshell".[470][471] On March 3, Romney expanded his criticism in a widely reported speech in which he said Trump's economic plans would cause profound recession, criticized his foreign policy proposals as reckless and dangerous, and called him a "con man", a "fake", and a "phony", joking that Trump's promises are "as worthless as a degree fromTrump University".[472][473] In June he expressed concern that some of the things Trump says could legitimize racism, and that Trump as president could cause "trickle-down racism, trickle-down bigotry, trickle-down misogyny, all these things (that) are extraordinarily dangerous to the heart and character of America".[474]
Unlike many other Republican critics who came around after Trump was confirmed as the presumptive nominee, Romney continued his "increasingly lonely" challenge to Trump. He explained, "I wanted my grandkids to see that I simply couldn't ignore what Mr. Trump was saying and doing, which revealed a character and temperament unfit for the leader of the free world."[475] He hinted he might vote forLibertarian candidateGary Johnson.[474] In contrast, while Romney was running for president in 2012, he praised Trump and sought his endorsement.[476][477][478]
After Trump won the election, Romney congratulated him by phone and on Twitter.[479] In November he met Trump to discuss the position ofSecretary of State.
Paul Ryan,Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, was initially critical of Trump. In December 2015 when Trump called for a ban on foreign Muslims entering the country, Ryan said "What was proposed yesterday is not what this party stands for, and more importantly, it's not what this country stands for."[480] Even after endorsing Trump, Ryan continued to criticize Trump's religion-based immigration proposals.[481] In early March 2016 Ryan condemned Trump's failure to repudiate the support ofwhite supremacists,[482] and in mid March he strongly objected to Trump's suggestion that there could be "riots" at the Republican convention if he is not the nominee.[483] In June when Trump said the judge hearing a lawsuit against him was biased because he was of Mexican extraction, Ryan said Trump's remarks were "absolutely unacceptable" and "the textbook definition of a racist comment".[484]
In May when Trump was declared the presumptive nominee, Ryan told CNN that he was not ready to endorse Trump, saying "I'm not there right now." He questioned Trump's commitment to conservative values but added he hoped to back him eventually.[485] Trump and Ryan met once during May, and on June 2 Ryan published an op-ed endorsing Trump and stressing the need to prevent Hillary Clinton's election.[486] Ryan later explained that as Majority Leader he feels obligated to support the Republican nominee in the interest of party unity.[487]
On August 2, 2016, one week before Ryan faced a primary for re-election to his house seat, Trump declined to endorse him, saying "I'm just not quite there yet." He praised Ryan's primary opponent.[488] Trump's comments infuriated Republican officials, particularly GOP chairmanReince Priebus.[489] Three days later Trump endorsed Ryan, reading from a prepared statement, "So in our shared mission, to make America great again, I support and endorse our speaker of the House, Paul Ryan."[490]
In October 2016, following theDonald Trump Access Hollywood controversy, Ryan disinvited Trump from a scheduled campaign rally,[491] announced that he would no longer defend or support Trump's presidential campaign, and in a highly unusual move he freed down-ticket congressional members to use their own judgment, saying "you all need to do what's best for you and your district."[492] In the final weeks of the campaign, Trump went on the attack against Ryan, accusing him and other "disloyal" Republicans of deliberately undermining his candidacy as part of "a whole sinister deal".[493][494] Despite his reluctance to publicly support Trump, Ryan ultimately announced that he cast his vote for Trump a week before election day.[495] In March 2017,Breitbart News released a tape recording with Ryan telling fellow Republican congressmen that he was "not going to defend Donald Trump—not now, not in the future."[496]
On November 1, 2016,The Wall Street Journal published anopen letter signed by 370 economists, including eight Nobel laureates, who stated that Trump would be a "dangerous, destructive" choice and encouraged voters to vote for another candidate. The letter stated that Trump "misinforms the electorate, degrades trust in public institutions with conspiracy theories, and promotes willful delusion over engagement with reality"; that "If elected, he poses a unique danger (...) to the prosperity of the country"; and that he "promotesmagical thinking and conspiracy theories over sober assessments of feasible economic policy options".[497][498]
Peter Navarro of the University of California, Irvine, one of Trump's senior economic advisers, called the letter "an embarrassment to the corporate offshoring wing of the economist profession who continues to insist bad trade deals are good for America." He pointed to a letter signed in September by other economists, 305 in total, including a Nobel laureate, which stated "Clinton's economic agenda is wrong for America."[499][500] Navarro's endorsement of the Trump economic platform was met with criticism by economists.
Trump was one of ten candidates in aFox News debate on August 6, 2015.Chris Wallace asked him about Mexican illegal immigrants,[501] andMegyn Kelly asked about how he would respond to theClinton campaign saying that he was waging a "war on women".[502] Trump replied, "I think the big problem this country has is being politically correct."[503] In a later interview withDon Lemon onCNN Tonight, Trump said that Kelly is a "lightweight" and had "blood coming out of her eyes, blood coming out of her ... wherever."[504][505] Trump tweeted that his remark referred to Kelly's nose but was interpreted by critics as a reference tomenstruation.[506] Trump retained his first place standing after the debate, with a Reuters/Ipsos poll at 24 percent.[507]
Following the Kelly incident,Roger Stone, Trump's veteran political adviser, left the campaign, citing "controversies involving personalities and provocative media fights".[508] Despite this, Stone remained a Trump confidant[509] and said toNational Review that he is "the ultimate Trump loyalist".[510] In March 2016, Trump resumed his feud with Kelly in Twitter messages disparaging Kelly and calling for a boycott of her show. Fox News responded with a statement saying that Trump's behavior was an "extreme, sick obsession" beneath the dignity of a presidential nominee.[511][512] In April 2016, Kelly met with Trump at Trump Tower at her request to "clear the air". Following the meeting, Trump stated that Kelly was "very, very nice" and regarding the meeting: "Maybe it was time ... By the way, in all fairness, I give her a lot of credit" for requesting it.[513]
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Trump's popularity amongHispanic and Latino Americans was low; a survey conducted in February 2016 showed 80 percent of Hispanic voters had an unfavorable view of Trump, more than double the percentage of any other candidate.[514] These low rankings were attributed to Trump's anti-immigrant rhetoric.[514][515][516]
Alarm at Trump's rise prompted an increase in eligible Latino immigrants who tonaturalize to vote against him.[516] Despite his poor national standing with Hispanic and Latino Americans, he garnered higher numbers than Republican rivals, along with other minority groups.[517][518] Trump received pockets of Hispanic support, winning around 45% of the Hispanic vote in theNevada Republican caucuses,[519][520] and receiving support amongCuban Americans in Florida.[521] Despite expectations of low Latino support, Trump received about 29% of the Hispanic vote, more than Romney in 2012.[522]
In August 2016, Trump created and met with a Hispanic advisory council.[523] He hinted publicly he might soften his call for the deportation of all undocumented immigrants.[524][525] On August 31, 2016, he visitedMexico and met with PresidentEnrique Peña Nieto, saying he wanted to build relations.[526] However, in a speech later that night, Trump laid out a 10-step plan reaffirming his hardline positions, and used harsh rhetoric to portray many illegal immigrants as a danger to Americans.[527][528] In reaction, one member of Trump's Hispanic advisory council resigned, and other Hispanic supporters said they were reconsidering their support.[529][530]
According to the Atlantic, "[a]mong prominent ex-military and national-security leaders, the edge clearly belongs to Clinton."[531] Trump's most prominent ex-military supporter was retired Lieutenant GeneralMichael T. Flynn.[531] Anopen letter endorsing Trump, signed by 88 retired generals and admirals, was released in September 2016.[532] 500 retired military officers endorsed Republican nomineeMitt Romney in 2012.[531]
Trump led in polling of military veterans and military households in September 2016,[531][533] although his performance with this group trailed "well behind that of other recent Republican candidates".[531]
Trump is aPresbyterian and says he attendsMarble Collegiate Church, although the church said in a statement that he is "not an active member".[534] In campaign speeches, he had routinely praised theBible and sometimes carried it, often saying that his own bookTrump: The Art of the Deal is his "second-favorite book after the Bible".[535] On occasion, Trump "reflected a degree of indifference" to religion, causing unease among somesocial conservatives.[536]
Trump solicited the support of religious leaders, inviting dozens of Christian and Jewish leaders to his New York City offices for a meeting andlaying on of hands prayer gathering in September 2015.[537] Trump praised prominent nationalevangelical leaders of theChristian right, includingTony Perkins andRalph Reed,[538] and received a blessing and endorsement fromGreek Orthodox priest and hedge fund managerEmmanuel Lemelson.[539]
Other figures made more direct religious-based critiques of Trump, including from the American Christian right.Russell D. Moore, the head of theSouthern Baptist Convention's public-policy arm, theEthics and Religious Liberty Commission, is a prominent Trump critic and argued that Christians should vote for a conservative third party.[540][541]Peter Wehner of theEthics and Public Policy Center said that Trump "embodies aNietzschean morality rather than a Christian one", writing that Trump is "characterized by indifference to objective truth (there are no facts, only interpretations), the repudiation of Christian concern for the poor and the weak, and disdain for the powerless".[542] On theChristian left, a number of commentators, includingShaun King, criticized Trump's racially charged rhetoric as inconsistent with Christianity.[543]
Trump struggled with Mormon voters, affecting his party's grip on Utah, where Mormons constitute a majority, and Nevada, where they are a significant minority. Reasons for this include Trump's rhetoric concerning Muslims, which Mormons see as a parallel totheir own historic persecution.[544][545][546][547][548] Following the release of the2016Access Hollywood tape, several high-profile Mormon political leaders from Utah, includingUtah governorGary Herbert and representativeJason Chaffetz, withdrew their endorsements for Trump.[549] TheDeseret News, a media outlet owned bythe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, broke with an 80-year tradition of refraining from presidential endorsements to publish an editorial calling on Trump to step aside.[549][550]
The phrase "One people under one God" was noted as having been used repeatedly in Trump speeches, especially to religious groups.[551]Christian Today termed the use of the phrase "a rare mention of religion by the Republican presidential nominee" in early September.[552] At about the same time,Reuters also said Trump "rarely mentions religion" and used the phrase as an illustration that Trump's campaign, previously centered around confrontational issues, had begun to invoke religion to appeal to voters and build a unified base.[553]
Trump praised the U.S.Tea Party movement throughout his 2016 campaign.[554] In August 2015, he told a Tea Party gathering inNashville that "The tea party people are incredible people. These are people who work hard and love the country and they get beat up all the time by the media."[554] In a January 2016CNN poll at the beginning of the2016 Republican primary, Trump led all Republican candidates modestly among self-identified Tea Party voters with 37 percent supporting Trump and 34 percent supportingTed Cruz.[555]
Trump called his wifeMelania "my pollster" and had said that she supported his presidential run.[556] Melania appeared at her husband's June 2015 campaign announcement and at the Fox News debate in Cleveland.[556] She has also conducted several televised interviews and appeared at a Trump rally in South Carolina along with other family members.[557] Trump's adult children Donald Jr, Ivanka, and Eric, as well as Ivanka's husband Jared Kushner, were all involved in his campaign and are regarded as key advisers. They were reportedly influential in persuading Trump to fire his controversial campaign manager Corey Lewandowski in June 2016.[558][559] Melania, Donald Jr, Eric, and Ivanka were "Headliner" speakers at the Republican National Convention.[560] If elected president, Trump said that he would hand over control of his company to his children instead of placing it in ablind trust.[561]
Trump praised Wikileaks in October 2016, saying, "I love Wikileaks."[562][563]
During the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign, WikiLeaksreleased emails and other documents from theDemocratic National Committee and from Hillary Clinton's campaign manager,John Podesta, showing that the party'snational committee favoured Clinton over her rivalBernie Sanders in theprimaries, leading to the resignation of DNC chairwomanDebbie Wasserman Schultz and an apology to Sanders from the DNC.[564] These releases caused significant harm to the Clinton campaign, and have been cited as a potential contributing factor to her loss in the general election against Donald Trump.[565] The U.S. intelligence community expressed "high confidence" that the leaked emails had been hacked by Russia and supplied to WikiLeaks. WikiLeaks said that the source of the documents was not Russia or any other state.[566]
Also during the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign, Assange only exposed material damaging to the Democratic National Committee and Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. Wikileaks popularized conspiracies about the Democratic Party and Hillary Clinton, such as tweeting an article which suggested Clinton campaign chairperson John Podesta engaged in satanic rituals, which was later revealed to be false[567][568][569][570] implying that the Democratic Party hadSeth Rich killed,[571] suggesting that Clinton wore earpieces to debates and interviews,[572] claiming that Hillary Clinton wanted to drone strike Assange,[573] promoting conspiracy theories about Clinton's health,[574][575][576] and promoting a conspiracy theory from a Donald Trump-related internet community tying the Clinton campaign to child kidnapperLaura Silsby.[577] According to Harvard political scientist Matthew Baum and College of the Canyons political scientist Phil Gussin, Wikileaks strategically released e-mails related to the Clinton campaign whenever Clinton's lead expanded in the polls.[578]
There was a large gender gap in support for Trump, with women significantly less likely to express support than men.[579][580] A March 2016 poll showed that half of U.S. women had a "very unfavorable" view of Trump.[581][582] A separate March 2016 poll showed women favoring Hillary Clinton 55 percent to 35 percent over Trump, "twice the gender gap of the 2012 presidential election",[583] while a Gallup poll showed a 70 percent unfavorable rating.[584][585] A May 2016NPR article, citing a poll that showed Clinton leading Trump among women by 17 percentage points while Trump led among men by five points—a 22-point gender gap—suggested that "the Trump–Clinton gender gap could be the largest in more than 60 years".[586]By mid-October 2016 an average among 12 polls showed Trump trailing by 15 percentage points among women but ahead by five points among men.[587]Both before and during his presidential campaign, Trump made a number of comments about women that some viewed assexist,[588][589][590] ormisogynistic.[591][592] Trump won among white women overall, winning nearly twice as many non-college educated white women than Clinton, although Clinton outperformed Trump with votes from college-educated white women.[593]
From the outset of his campaign, Trump was endorsed by variouswhite nationalist andwhite supremacist movements and leaders.[594][595] On February 24, 2016,David Duke, a formerKu Klux KlanGrand Dragon, expressed vocal support for Trump's campaign on his radio show.[596][597][598][599] Shortly thereafter in an interview withJake Tapper, Trump repeatedly claimed to be ignorant of Duke and his support. Republican presidential rivals were quick to respond on his wavering, and Senator Marco Rubio stated the Duke endorsement made Trump un-electable.[600] Others questioned his professed ignorance of Duke by pointing out that in 2000, Trump called him a "Klansman".[601][602] Trump later blamed the incident on a poor earpiece he was given by CNN. Later the same day Trump stated that he had previously disavowed Duke in a tweet posted with a video on his Twitter account.[603] On March 3, 2016, Trump stated: "David Duke is a bad person, who I disavowed on numerous occasions over the years. I disavowed him. I disavowed the KKK."[604]
On July 22, 2016 (the day after Trump's nomination), Duke announced that he will be a candidate for the Republican nomination for the U.S. Senate from Louisiana. He commented, "I'm overjoyed to see Donald Trump and most Americans embrace most of the issues that I've championed for years." A spokesperson for the Trump campaign said Trump "has disavowed David Duke and will continue to do so."[605]
On August 25, 2016, Clinton gave a speech saying that Trump is "taking hate groups mainstream and helping a radical fringe take over the Republican Party."[606] She identified this radical fringe with the "Alt-right", a largely online variation of American far-right that embraces white nationalism and is anti-immigration. During the election season, the Alt-right movement "evangelized" online in support of racist and anti-semitic ideologies.[607] Clinton noted that Trump's campaign chief executiveStephen Bannon described hisBreitbart News Network as "the platform for the alt-right."[606] On September 9, 2016, several leaders of the alt-right community held a press conference, described by one reporter as the "coming-out party" of the little-known movement, to explain their goals.[608] Speakers called for a "White Homeland" and expounded on racial differences in intelligence. They also confirmed their support of Trump, saying "This is what a leader looks like."[609]
Richard Spencer, who runs the white nationalistNational Policy Institute, said, "Before Trump, our identity ideas, national ideas, they had no place to go". The editor of theNeo-Nazi websiteThe Daily Stormer stated, "Virtually every alt-rightNazi I know is volunteering for the Trump campaign."[610]Rocky Suhayda, chairman of theAmerican Nazi Party said that although Trump "isn't one of us,"[611] his election would be a "real opportunity" for the white nationalist movement.[612]
TheSouthern Poverty Law Center monitored Trump's campaign throughout the election and noted several instances where Trump and lower-level surrogates either used white nationalist rhetoric or engaged with figures in the white nationalist movement.[613]
According to 2021 study inPublic Opinion Quarterly, Trump's candidacy simultaneously attracted whites with extreme views on race and made his white supporters more likely to express more extreme views on race.[614]
At over half a million subscribers, thesubreddit r/The_Donald onReddit faced controversy since its inception.[615] Trump hosted an"Ask Me Anything" (AMA) on the subreddit during the2016 Democratic National Convention on July 27, 2016, and answered thirteen of the thousands of questions posted on the subreddit.[616][617][618] Moderators of the subreddit claimed they banned more than 2,000 accounts during Trump's AMA session.[619]
The subreddit was criticized byVice, which stated in an article that the subreddit was "authoritarian," "racist," "misogynistic," "homophobic," "Islamophobic," and a "hypocritical 'free speech' rallying point."[620][621] The publicationSlate described The_Donald as a "hate speechforum".[622] According toThe New York Times, "members respond to accusations of bigotry with defiant claims of persecution at the hands of critics. It is an article of faith among posters that anti-racists are the real bigots, feminists are the actual sexists, and progressive politics are, in effect, regressive."[623]
Surveys showed that significant proportions of Trump supporters hold negative views of immigrants, Muslims, and African-Americans. ThePew Research Center found that 69 percent of Trump supporters viewed immigrants as a burden, rather than a benefit, to the U.S., and 64 percent believed that American Muslims should be subject to greater scrutiny solely on the basis of their religion.[624]Reuters found that Trump supporters were more than twice as likely as Clinton supporters to view Islam negatively.[625] Trump supporters were also more likely than supporters of other candidates to hold negative views of African-Americans. Reuters reported that 40–50 percent of Trump supporters viewed African-Americans as being more "lazy", "rude", "violent", or "criminal" than whites, compared to 25–30 percent for Clinton supporters; while 32 percent of Trump supporters believed that African-Americans were less intelligent than whites, compared to 22 percent of Clinton supporters.[626]
University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers, analyzing a national survey of likely Republican primary voters from December 2015, found that having anauthoritarian personality and a fear of terrorism were the only two variables among those tested that werestatistically significant predictors of Trump support.[627][628] Another study based on a different survey, conducted by professors at theUniversity of Chicago andUniversity of Minnesota, concluded that Trump supporters were no more authoritarian than supporters of other Republican candidates, but rather were characterized primarily by a strong nationalist identity and a mistrust of experts, intellectuals, and perceived elites.[629]
A geographical study found support for Trump in the Republican primaries was correlated positively with the following factors (in order of statistical strength): (1) proportion of white lacking a high school diploma; (2) ethnicity reported as "American" on the census; (3) living in a mobile home; (4) jobs largely in agriculture, construction, manufacturing or trade; (5) having a history of voting for segregationists such asGeorge Wallace in 1968; and (6) residents born in the United States and being an evangelical Christian.[630]
As of January 31, 2016[update], the Trump campaign had received $7.5 million in donations from individuals, $250,318 donated directly by Trump himself, and a $17.78-million loan from the candidate.[631] The loaned amount can be repaid to Trump as other donations arrive.[631] According to reports to the FEC, the campaign had $1.9 million on hand as of February 20.[632]
As of March 31, he had raised $48.4 million, spent $46.3 million, and had $2.1 million cash on hand. His total spending including $3.2 million by outside groups, total $49.5 million.[633] As of May 31, he had raised $63.1 million, spent $61.8 million, and had $1.3 million cash on hand. His total spending including $3.0 million by outside groups, total $64.7 million.[634] As of June 30, he had raised $89.0 million, spent $68.8 million, and had $20.2 million cash on hand. His total spending including $7.6 million by outside groups, total $76.4 million.[635][636]
On June 23, Trump announced that he was forgiving $50 million in loans that he had made to his campaign for the primary.[637] His campaign refused to release evidence to the press that would prove that he had forgiven these loans.[638]
In October 2015 Trump had said: "I am self-funding my campaign and therefore I will not be controlled by the donors, special interests and lobbyists who have corrupted our politics and politicians for far too long. I have disavowed all super PACs, requested the return of all donations made to said PACs, and I am calling on all presidential candidates to do the same."[639][640][641]Politifact reports that Trump's claims that he is "self-funding" his campaign are "half-true." By the end of 2015, Trump's campaign had raised $19.4 million, with almost $13 million (about 66 percent) coming in the form of a loan from Trump himself and the remainder (34 percent) coming from others' contributions.[642] The announcement came a day after a main super PAC backing Trump closed amid scrutiny about its relationship to the campaign itself.[138][139] Although Trump attended at least two Make America Great Again Super PAC fundraising events, including one at the home of his daughter Ivanka's in-laws,[138] he later said he never gave his endorsement to the super PAC or any of the other eight super PACs supporting his run.[643][644] In addition to a $100,000 donation from Ivanka Trump's mother-in-law, the Make America Great Again super PAC accepted $1 million in seed money from casino mogul and longtime Trump business partnerPhil Ruffin who, according to FEC filings, gave the money just two weeks after the super PAC was established; the super PAC spent about $500,000 on polling, consulting, and legal expenses before shutting down in the wake ofThe Washington Post's coverage.[137][139]
According toBloomberg News, Trump's general election campaign raised over $500 million, roughly half the sum raised by the Clinton campaign. By October 19, Trump had "put $56.2 million of his own [money] into the campaign, leaving him with scant time to put in the rest of the $100 million he's pledged to spend."[645]
After becoming the presumptive nominee in early May, the Trump campaign announced that it would be seeking large donations for the general election,[646] and that Trump would not be self-funding his campaign in the general election.[647] By the end of May, Trump was reported to have had $1.3 million available for his campaign, while Clinton had $42 million.[648]
Wall Street bankerSteven Mnuchin was named finance chair of the Trump campaign in May 2016.[649] In May 2016, the campaign established theTrump Victory Committee to enable joint fundraising with the Republican National Committee and eleven state parties; longtime Republican financiersDiane Hendricks,Woody Johnson,Mel Sembler,Ray Washburne, andRon Weiser (all of whom backed other candidates during the Republican primary) agreed to serve as vice chairs of the committee.[650][651]
In May 2016, casino billionaireSheldon Adelson announced that he would spend $100 million in support of Trump's election.[652][653] Several months later, the Federal Election Commission had not yet reported any donations to the Trump campaign by Adelson,[654] but Adelson eventually donated $25 million and was the campaign's largest donor.[655]
A number of large-dollar donors who previously backed other candidates,[651] even some who were once mocked by Trump, changed their minds and joined Trump's campaign.[650] Other prominent Republican megadonors, however, more staunchly opposed Trump and opted to "sit out" the election, withholding their support and financial backing. These includeNorman Braman,Paul Singer,Seth Klarman,[656] and theKoch Brothers.[657]
SeveralSuper PACs were founded in support of Trump's campaign in the general election, including Great America PAC, Committee for American Sovereignty, andRebuilding America Now.[658] Vice presidential nomineeMike Pence and former Trump campaign managerPaul Manafort both endorsed Rebuilding America Now,[659] and Trump agreed to headline fundraising events for the organization.[660]
| This sectionmay betoo long to read and navigate comfortably. Considersplitting content into sub-articles,condensing it, or addingsubheadings. Please discuss this issue on the article'stalk page.(October 2016) |
At a campaign stop inWilmington, North Carolina, on August 9, Donald Trump said thatHillary Clinton wanted to "essentially abolish theSecond Amendment" because of hersupport for gun control. He said if she nominates judges to theSupreme Court, there would be nothing that could be done about it, and then added, "Although the Second Amendment people, maybe there is. I don't know".
Trump's comment sparked condemnation from various Democrats and Republicans for being perceived as suggesting violence against Clinton or liberal jurists, instead of suggesting political action. Clinton Campaign spokesman Robby Mook released a statement that said, "what Trump is saying is dangerous", and that a person seeking the presidency "should not suggest violence in any way."[661] GeneralMichael Hayden, who is the former head of the CIA, stated that "If someone else had said that outside the hall, he'd be in the back of a police wagon now with the Secret Service questioning him."[662] Secret Service spokesperson Cathy Milhoan said in a statement that theU.S. Secret Service was aware of Trump's comments.[663]The New York Times opinion writerThomas Friedman condemned Trump's comment, saying "And that, ladies and gentlemen, is how Israeli Prime MinisterYitzhak Rabin got assassinated."[664][665][666]
Politifact noted that some people saw it as a joke about assassination or a reference to political action, while others took it as a threat. Politifact also noted that the premise behind Trump's remark—that Clinton wants to "abolish the Second Amendment"—was factually false.[667] The Trump campaign responded with a statement that attributed the comment to the great political power that Second Amendment people have.[668] House SpeakerPaul Ryan said Trump should clarify what seemed to him a joke gone wrong.[669] Hillary Clinton responded to Trump's comments by saying, "words matter", and that Trump's comments were part of a long line of casual comments from Trump that had "crossed a line."[663]
In September, Trump repeated the false statement that Clinton wanted to abolish the Second Amendment and suggested that Clinton's Secret Service detail disarm themselves and "let's see what happens".[670] The comments were interpreted by many commentators as an incitement to violence.[671]
During the2016 Democratic National Convention, one of the speakers wasKhizr Khan, a Muslim U.S. citizen who immigrated from Pakistan in 1980. Khan is the father ofCaptain Humayun Khan, a U.S. soldier who was killed in Iraq in 2004 by a suicide bomber, and later awarded theBronze Star Medal and aPurple Heart. Khan spoke about his son and criticized Trump for hisMuslim ban proposals, asking if Trump had ever read theU.S. Constitution, and offering to give him a copy. He stated that Trump had "sacrificed nothing and no one."[672]
The following Sunday onABC'sThis Week withGeorge Stephanopoulos, Trump was asked about Khan. Trump replied that Khan was, "you know, very emotional and probably looked like a nice guy to me."[673] Trump went on to wonder why Khizr Khan's wife Ghazala, who stood silently by her husband's side during his speech, did not speak and speculated that she might not have been allowed to speak. (Ghazala later responded by stating that at the time she was too emotional to speak.) When Trump was asked what he had sacrificed for his country, he told Stephanopoulos, "I think I've made a lot of sacrifices. I work very, very hard. I've created thousands and thousands of jobs, tens of thousands of jobs, built great structures. I've had tremendous success." Trump also cited his work on behalf of veterans, including helping build aVietnam War memorial in Manhattan and raising "millions of dollars" for veterans.[673]
Trump's comments touched off a firestorm of controversy by appearing to belittle the Khans, with public officials and commentators from all sides of the political spectrum arguing that he should show more respect to the parents of a fallen soldier.[674][675] A Fox News poll found that 69 percent of respondents who were familiar with Trump's comments, including 41 percent of Republicans, felt that Trump's response was "out of bounds".[676] The Khan controversy, along with Trump's initial refusal to endorse Speaker of the HousePaul Ryan for re-election, contributed to significant drops in Trump's poll numbers that week.[677]
Trump responded to the criticism on Twitter, stating that Khazir Khan "viciously attacked me" and tweeting: "This story is not about Mr. Khan, who is all over the place doing interviews, but rather RADICAL ISLAMIC TERRORISM and the U.S. Get smart!"[678] Later, Trump released a written statement saying "Captain Humayun Khan was a hero to our country and we should honor all who have made the ultimate sacrifice to keep our country safe", adding "While I feel deeply for the loss of his son, Mr. Khan, who has never met me, has no right to stand in front of millions of people and claim I have never read the Constitution (which is false), and say many other inaccurate things."[679]
When questioned about the Khans during thesecond presidential debate, Trump claimed that Humayun Khan would be alive had he been president in 2004 and referred to him as an "American hero". The Khans responded by saying that they know that their son is an American hero.[680]
In December 2015,Politifact named "the many campaign misstatements of Donald Trump" as its "2015 Lie of the Year", noting at the time that 76 percent of Trump statements rated by the factchecking website were rated "Mostly False, False or Pants on Fire", more than any other politician.[681][682]Norman Ornstein, a scholar at the conservativeAmerican Enterprise Institute, said that "Trump came into an environment that was ripe for bombastic, inflammatory, outrageous statements without having to suffer the consequences", citing the rise of partisan media, popular desensitization to inflammatory rhetoric, and "the assault on science and expertise" as contributing factors.[681]
In March 2016,Politico Magazine analyzed 4.6 hours of Trump stump speeches and press conferences over a five-day period and found "more than five dozen statements deemed mischaracterizations, exaggerations, or simply false."[683] Lucas Graves, a professor at theUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Journalism & Mass Communication, observed that Trump often speaks in a suggestive way that makes it unclear what exactly he meant and, in this regard, warnedfact checkers "to be really careful ... to pick things that can be factually investigated and that reflect what the speaker was clearly trying to communicate."[684]
Trump's frequent praise for foreign leaders accused of being eitherauthoritarian ortotalitarian prompted significant criticism from members of both major political parties.[685][686][687]
Trump frequently praised Russia'sVladimir Putin, calling him a strong leader, "unlike what we have in this country,"[688] "a man so highly respected within his own country and beyond,"[689] and wondered if "he will become my new best friend."[690] He continued to praise Putin throughout the campaign, comparing him favorably to Obama, hailing Russia as an ally in fightingISIS, and downplaying any suggestion that Russia had behaved aggressively in the world.[691] He also dismissed the assertion by U.S. intelligence officials that Russia is responsible for the computer hacking of Democratic party organizations and individuals.[692] Trump called for closer relations with Russia and "has surrounded himself with a team of advisers who have had financial ties to Russia."[693]
In January 2016, Trump commented on North Korean leaderKim Jong-un, first saying he's a "maniac", but then stating "you gotta give him credit" for the "incredible" way he eliminated his opponents to take charge of the country.[694]
During the Republican debate on March 10, 2016, Trump stirred controversy by saying that the Chinese government's1989 massacre of unarmed civilians inTiananmen Square was "horrible" and "vicious" but also "shows you the power of strength." When challenged, he said he was not endorsing the massacre and proceeded to characterize the protest as a riot: "I was not endorsing it. I said that is a strong, powerful government that put it down with strength. And then they kept down the riot. It was a horrible thing. It doesn't mean at all I was endorsing it."[695]
At a July 5 campaign rally, Trump again raised controversy by praisingSaddam Hussein for being good at killing terrorists, saying Hussein was "a really bad guy" but "you know what he did well? He killed terrorists. He did that so good. They didn't read them the rights. They didn't talk. They were terrorists. It was over."The New York Times said that Trump's descriptions "are not grounded in fact", noting thatSaddam Hussein's Iraq itself had been listed as a state sponsor of terrorism.[696][697] Terrorism expertPeter Bergen defended Trump: "Saddam Hussein repressed terrorist groups, as he did all forms of rebellion and dissent ... Trump's claim that following the fall of Saddam, Iraq has emerged as the 'Harvard' of terrorism is correct becauseZarqawi in 2004 merged his terrorist group withal Qaeda to create "Al Qaeda in Iraq," which is the parent organization of today's ISIS."[698] In October Trump said that both Iraq and Libya would be better off if their deposed dictators, Saddam andMuammar Gaddafi, were still in power, and in December he described Saddam's use of poison gas against civilians as "throwing a little gas".[699][700] His July 5 comments were widely criticized. Speaker of the House Paul Ryan dissociated himself from the remarks, and a spokesman for Hillary Clinton said "Donald Trump's praise for brutal strongmen seemingly knows no bounds."[701]
Asked about the failed2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt, Trump praised Turkish PresidentRecep Tayyip Erdoğan, saying, "I give great credit to him for being able to turn that around."[702]
Trump has praised Syrian PresidentBashar al-Assad. During the October 9 debate, Trump stated that he didn't like Assad, but also praised him, Russia, and Iran for their fight against ISIS.[703]
During his campaign, Trump frequently gave voice to fringe orconspiracy theories.[704][705][706][707] ProfessorJoseph Uscinski, the co-author ofAmerican Conspiracy Theories, writes that Trump made "unabashed" and "deft and almost daily use of ... conspiracy narratives" on the campaign trail.[705] According to political writerSteve Benen, unlike past political leaders, Trump did not keepfringe theories and their supporters at arm's length.[708][709][710]
Trump, for example, promoted thediscredited belief that vaccines can cause autism unless administered according to a lengthened schedule.[711] He alluded to theunfounded notion that President Obama is secretly a Muslim.[706][707] Trump also speculated that Supreme Court JusticeAntonin Scalia's death by natural causes was murder.[712]
Trump did not release his personalincome tax returns, as nominees traditionally do, and said he does not plan to do so before the November election.[713] Before declaring for president he said he would "absolutely" release them if he decided to run for office.[714] Early in the 2016 primary process he promised to put out "very big, very beautiful" returns.[714] He offered various reasons for not giving out the information. He says his lawyers told him not to release the returns because they are being audited. He contends that voters are not interested and "there's nothing to learn from them". He told one interviewer that his tax rate is "none of your business".[714] There is no requirement that presidential candidates release their tax returns but candidates are legally free to do so even when under audit.[715][716] Tax lawyers differ as to whether releasing tax returns is legally advisable for someone like Trump who is under audit.[716][717] According toNPR, tax experts such asNew York University Law School professor Daniel Shaviro say that "Trump's lawyers may advise him not to release the returns for legal strategy purposes."[718]
Donald Trump's prolific use of Twitter, which he started using in March 2009, earned him millions of followers. His almost daily use ofsocial media as a vehicle for connecting to his audience is unprecedented as a campaign tool. On November 22, 2015, Trump retweeted an image containing racially charged and inaccuratecrime data between blacks and whites, cited to a non-existent group.[719][720][721] According toNewsweek, the image appeared to originate with aneo-Nazi Twitter account.[722] When later asked byBill O'Reilly about his sharing of the image, Trump confirmed that he had personally retweeted the image and said that it came from "sources that are very credible."[719]FactCheck.org reported that the image was a "bogus graphic."[719]
On February 28, Trump re-tweeteda Mussolini quote that had been posted from a parody bot created byGawker: "It is better to live one day as a lion than 100 years as a sheep".[723] When informed that the source of the quote was Italianfascist dictatorBenito Mussolini, Trump responded that the origin of the quote made no difference because "it's a very good quote."[724]
On July 2, 2016, Trump tweeted a picture originally created as a meme bywhite supremacists.[725][726][727] The tweet featured a photo of Clinton next to a star-shaped badge saying "Most Corrupt Candidate Ever!" with a background of $100 bills. The six-pointed star was interpreted as aStar of David and the tweet denounced as "blatantly anti-semitic" by many observers, ranging from the Hillary Clinton campaign to theAnti-Defamation League to House SpeakerPaul Ryan.[728][729] However, Trump's former campaign director Corey Lewandowski dismissed the attacks as "political correctness run amok" and compared the star to a sheriff's badge.[730][731] The Trump campaign took down the image, then re-uploaded it with a circle replacing the star. However, the re-uploading of the image included the hashtag "#AmericaFirst", and so was criticized by many pundits as evoking the name of theAmerica First Committee, the name of afascist organization in the United States that urgedappeasement withAdolf Hitler andNazi Germany in theSecond World War.[732][733]
Anopen letter from 120[734] conservative foreign-policy and national-security leaders, released in March 2016, condemned Trump as "fundamentally dishonest" and unfit to be president.[735][736] Signatories to the letter included a number of former high-levelGeorge W. Bush administration figures, and others, includingEliot A. Cohen,Max Boot, andDaniel W. Drezner.[734][735][737] Critics noted that the signers of the letter are "the exact type of establishment Republicans against whom Trump has been railing."[735]
Also in March 2016, another group of foreign policy experts published a letter inForeign Policy magazine, entitled "Defending the Honor of the U.S. Military from Donald Trump", against Trump's statements that he would direct the military to torture suspected terrorists and their families and target the families of terrorists and other civilians, stating that "every reputable legal expert we know has deemed [these activities] illegal."[738] The letter was signed by bothneoconservatives and prominentrealists, such asAndrew J. Bacevich andRichard K. Betts.[739]
Several incumbent Republican members of Congress announced they would not vote for Trump. South Carolina SenatorLindsey Graham says he will not vote for either Trump or Clinton in the fall and urged other Republicans to "un-endorse" Trump.[740][741] Illinois SenatorMark Kirk said he plans to write in a name, possiblyDavid Petraeus orColin Powell.[742] New York Rep.Richard Hanna, who is retiring at the end of this term, was the first Republican to say he will vote for Hillary Clinton.[743] Illinois Rep.Adam Kinzinger said Trump "for me is beginning to cross a lot of red lines in the unforgivable on politics" and he will vote for a write-in candidate or not vote.[744] Pennsylvania Rep.Charlie Dent said Trump crossed "a bridge too far"; he plans to vote for a write-in candidate.[745] Virginia Rep.Scott Rigell, also retiring at the end of this term, said he will vote for Libertarian candidateGary Johnson.[746]
A letter from 50 Republicannational security officials was published on August 8. The senior officials, who included former White House officials and Cabinet secretaries, said Trump "lacks the character, values, and experience" to be president.[747][748] Trump responded the same day, saying "The names on this letter are the ones the American people should look to for answers on why the world is a mess, and we thank them for coming forward so everyone in this country knows who deserves the blame for making the world such a dangerous place."[749]
Trump University, and Trump himself, were involved during the campaign in three ongoing lawsuits alleging fraudulent business practices. One of the suits was scheduled to be heard in San Diego in November, three weeks after the general election. In late July, the judge hearing that case denied a motion to dismiss it.[750] Shortly after Trump won the presidency, the parties agreed to a settlement of all three pending cases. In the settlement, Trump did not admit to any wrongdoing but agreed to pay a total of $25 million.[751][752]
The lawsuits were active throughout the campaign and were invoked by Trump's rivals in Republican primary debates.[753] Hillary Clinton used the Trump University allegations against Trump in speeches and campaign ads.[754] Trump repeatedly criticizedGonzalo P. Curiel, the presiding judge in two of the cases, stating that his Mexican heritage serves as aconflict of interest.[755][756] During a June 3, 2016, interview withJake Tapper ofCNN, Tapper asked Trump what Curiel's rulings have to do with his heritage. Trump answered, "I've been treated very unfairly by this judge. Now, this judge is of Mexican heritage. I'm building a wall, OK? I'm building a wall."[757] Trump also suggested that Curiel is a friend of a lawyer for one of the plaintiffs, to which the lawyer responded that they had not been friends in any "social" setting.[758]
Legal experts criticized Trump's comments,[759] andPaul Ryan, who had endorsed Trump for president, disavowed the comments, saying that they were racist.[484] Meanwhile, GovernorChris Christie defended Trump's comments, saying that Trump was not a "pre-programmed robotic politician".[760][761]
Trump also accused Curiel of bias because of his membership in La Raza Lawyers of California, aprofessional association of Hispanic attorneys.[762][763] FormerUnited States Attorney GeneralAlberto Gonzales wrote on June 4 that some of Trump's aides alleged a link between the La Raza Lawyers of California and an advocacy organization called theNational Council of La Raza, which had organized protests at Trump rallies: "The two groups are unaffiliated, and Curiel is not a member of NCLR. But Trump may be concerned that the lawyers' association or its members represent or support the other advocacy organization".[764]
On June 7, 2016, Trump said that his criticism of the judge had been "misconstrued" and that his concerns about Curiel's impartiality were not based on ethnicity alone, but rather on rulings in the case.[765] He said that he was not categorically attacking people of Mexican heritage.[766]
In 2013 Florida Attorney GeneralPam Bondi requested a political donation from Trump while her office was "currently reviewing the allegations" in a New York class action suit. TheDonald J. Trump Foundation sent her re-election campaign $25,000. Bondi's office decided not to pursue action.[767]The Washington Post reported in September 2016 that foundation was fined $2,500 (~$3,275 in 2024) by the IRS for using the funds to make a political contribution to Bondi's PAC.[768]
Video and accompanying audio were released byThe Washington Post on October 7, 2016, in which Trump referred obscenely to women in a 2005 conversation withBilly Bush while they were preparing to film an episode ofAccess Hollywood. Trump said that he couldgrab women "by thepussy" and get away with it, because he is a "star". The audio was met with a reaction of disbelief and disgust from the media.[769][770][771] Following the revelation, Trump's campaign issued an apology, stating that the video was of a private conversation from "many years ago".[772]
| External videos | |
|---|---|
 Trump recorded having extremely lewd conversation about women in 2005,The Washington Post, 12:44, October 8, 2016[770] | |
| Donald Trump apologizes for sexist comments about groping women, Trump campaign video viaPBS Newshour, 1:15, October 7, 2016[773] |
The incident was condemned by numerous prominent Republicans. RNC ChairmanReince Priebus said "No woman should ever be described in these terms or talked about in this manner. Ever."Mitt Romney tweeted "Hitting on married women? Condoning assault? Such vile degradations demean our wives and daughters and corrupt America's face to the world."John Kasich called the remarks "indefensible."Jeb Bush called them "reprehensible."[774]Speaker of the HousePaul Ryan disinvited Trump to participate in a campaign event for Ryan in Wisconsin, saying that he was "sickened" by Trump's comments.[775] Three days later Ryan indicated that he would no longer defend or support Trump's presidential campaign, and in a highly unusual move he freed down-ticket congressional members to use their own judgement, saying "you all need to do what's best for you and your district."[776] Trump's wifeMelania called Trump's words "offensive" and "inappropriate."[777] By October 8 several dozen Republicans had called for Trump to withdraw from the campaign and let Pence head the ticket.[778] Trump insisted he would never drop out.[779]
Several hours after the initial report byThe Washington Post, the Trump campaign released a video statement in which Trump stated that "Anyone who knows me knows these words don't reflect who I am. I said it, I was wrong, and I apologize."[770][780] Towards the end of the statement Trump also said that "there is a big difference between the words and actions", and then went on to say that "Bill Clinton has actually abused women and Hillary has bullied, attacked, shamed, and intimidated his victims".[770][780] This apology was criticized severely by the media and members of the public as being insincere and attempting to divert the problem at hand with unsubstantiated accusations against his political opponents.[781][782][783] Trump replied that "thousands and thousands" of supporters sent him letters after the controversial video was published.[779]
Following the October 7, 2016, revelation of Trump's 2005 remarks during a filming of anAccess Hollywood episode and his denial that he had ever actually engaged in the behaviors he described, multiple women came forward with new stories of sexual misconduct, including unwanted kissing and groping. Sources for the stories includedThe New York Times andPeople magazine. The stories received widespread national media coverage.[784][785] Also, previous allegations and statements from other women resurfaced. In 1997, Jill Harth filed a lawsuit alleging Trump groped her in "intimate" parts and engaged in "relentless" sexual harassment.[786] Trump and his campaign denied all of these charges, and Trump claimed to have begun drafting a lawsuit againstThe New York Times alleginglibel.[787][788] On October 13, Trump denied all of the allegations, referring to them as "false smears" and alleging "a conspiracy against ... the American people".[789]
Trump, who owned theMiss Universe franchise, was also accused to have walked into dressing rooms of contestants while they were in varying stages of undress without prior notice of his arrival.[790] Trump said in an interview withHoward Stern in 2005, "no men are anywhere. And I'm allowed to go in because I'm the owner of the pageant. And therefore I'm inspecting it ... Is everyone OK? You know, they're standing there with no clothes. And you see these incredible-looking women. And so I sort of get away with things like that. [...] I'll go backstage before a show, and everyone's getting dressed and ready and everything else."[791][792][793]
Trump repeatedly insinuated that the election was "rigged" against him, and he sowed doubt about the election certification process. Campaigning inColorado, Trump claimed that theDemocratic Party"[rigged] the election at polling booths".[794]
During the2016 Republican primaries, after Trump lost toTed Cruz in theIowa Republican caucus, Trump claimed that Cruz perpetrated "fraud" and "stole" the Iowa caucuses, because Cruz's campaign spread a false rumor "minutes before the [caucuses] began" that fellow candidateBen Carson had dropped out of the race.[795][796][797] In the final debate againstHillary Clinton, Trump cast doubt on whether he would accept the results of the election should he lose, saying, "I'll keep you in suspense".[798] His comment touched off a media and political uproar in which he was accused of "threatening to upend a fundamental pillar of American democracy" and "rais[ing] the prospect that millions of his supporters may not accept the results on November 8 if he loses".[799]Rick Hasen described Trump's comments as "appalling and unprecedented" and feared there could be "violence in the streets from his supporters if Trump loses".[800] The next day Trump said, "Of course, I would accept a clear election result, but I would also reserve my right to contest or file a legal challenge in the case of a questionable result". He also stated that he would "totally" accept the election results "if I win".[801]
Trump eventually won the election but lost thepopular vote. He went on to claim, without evidence, that he had won the popular vote "if you deduct the millions of people who voted illegally",[802] asserting aftertaking office that around four millionillegal immigrants had voted for Clinton.[803]
In the weeks before the election, Trump urged his supporters to volunteer aspoll watchers on Election Day, saying they were needed to guard against "voter fraud" and a "rigged" outcome. The rhetoric was seen as a call to intimidate minority voters or challenge their credentials to prevent them from voting.[804][805]
Democratic Party officials sued Trump in Arizona, Nevada, Ohio and Pennsylvania, accusing him of voter intimidation, in violation of the1965 Voters Rights Act and the1871 Ku Klux Klan Act, with his calls for supporters to monitor polling stations in minority neighborhoods. The Ohio Democratic Party wrote in a legal filing, "Trump has sought to advance his campaign's goal of 'voter suppression' by using the loudest microphone in the nation to implore his supporters to engage in unlawful intimidation," Other lawsuits used similar language.[806] A separate lawsuit in New Jersey accuses the Republican National Committee of cooperating with Trump's "ballot security" activities, which the RNC is prohibited from doing by a 1982 consent decree.[807]
A federal District Court judge in Nevada ordered Trump campaigners to make available any training materials they provided for "poll watchers, poll observers, exit pollsters or any other similarly tasked individuals."[808] A District Court judge in Pennsylvania denied a request by the state Republican Party to allow poll watching by people from outside the immediate area, which is forbidden by the state election code.[809]
PresidentBarack Obama congratulated Trump on winning the election and stated that although he and Trump had differences of opinion, it is his goal to ensure a smooth transition for the incoming president.[810] Trump also received congratulations from Republican primary rivals including Florida GovernorJeb Bush, Texas SenatorTed Cruz, and Ohio GovernorJohn Kasich.Mitt Romney,Bill Clinton,Hillary Clinton,George H. W. Bush andGeorge W. Bush also congratulated him.[811]
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Mexican PresidentEnrique Peña Nieto offered his congratulations and stated that Mexico will continue to have positive working relationships with the United States.[812] Leaders of the United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, Rwanda, Israel, Palestine, and other countries voiced similar messages.[810][812][813]
Chinese PresidentXi Jinping stated to Trump that he placed "great importance on the China-U.S. relationship, and look[s] forward to working with you to uphold the principles of non-conflict, non-confrontation, mutual respect, and win-win cooperation."[812] Japanese Prime MinisterShinzō Abe said "The stability of the Asia-Pacific region, which is a driving force of the global economy, brings peace and prosperity to the United States. Japan and the United States are unwavering allies tied firmly with the bond of universal values such as freedom, democracy, basic human rights and the rule of law."[814]
The strategic partnership between theEuropean Union and the United States is rooted in our shared values of freedom, human rights, democracy and a belief in themarket economy ... Today, it is more important than ever to strengthen transatlantic relations ... when dealing with unprecedented challenges such asDa'esh, the threats toUkraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity,climate change andmigration ... We should spare no effort to ensure that the ties that bind us remain strong and durable.
German ChancellorAngela Merkel expressed that it was "difficult to bear" some of the confrontations during the Trump campaign. She expressed her interest in working with President-elect on shared values, such as respect for individuals irrespective of their religion, gender, or heritage.[812] Merkel stated that the relationship with the U.S. is "a foundation stone of German foreign policy."[812] French PresidentFrançois Hollande said that his country would need to be strong in the face of an upcoming "period of uncertainty ... What is at stake is peace, the fight against terrorism, the Middle East and the preservation of the planet."[812]
Russian PresidentVladimir Putin "expressed confidence that the dialogue between Moscow and Washington, in keeping with each other's views, meets the interests of both Russia and the U.S." After stating that the relationships between the United States and Russia had degenerated over time, he declared that "Russia is ready and wants to restore the fully fledged relations with the U.S."[812] Putin said that the engagement should be "based on principles of equality, mutual respect and a real accounting each other's positions."[813]
Turkish PresidentRecep Tayyip Erdoğan said that he hoped that the Trump presidency would be a "beneficial" step towards worldwide democracy, liberty, and fundamental rights.[812]
German Justice MinisterHeiko Maas tweeted: "The world won't end, but things will get more crazy". Germany's Defence Minister,Ursula von der Leyen, wanted to know if the U.S. would maintain itsNATO commitments,[812] since Trump had suggested during his campaign that the U.S. should consider NATO allies' level of military commitment before coming to their aid.[810]Jens Stoltenberg,Secretary General of NATO, offered his congratulations and welcomed Trump to theNATO Summit in 2017 to discuss how to respond to the "challenging new security environment, including hybrid warfare, cyberattacks, the threat of terrorism."[810]
Marine Le Pen, leader of the far-rightFront National party, sent her congratulations and exclaimed,peuple américain, libre! (French for 'free American people!')[812][814]Nigel Farage, the outgoing leader of theUK Independence Party andBrexiter, said he was handing his "mantle" over to Trump.[812][814] Trump was supported by other right-wing and far-right leaders including inAustria,Germany,Serbia, theCzech Republic,Belgium, theNetherlands, andItaly.[814][815]
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After the 2016 election, protests against Trump were held in many cities across the United States.[818] Trump said that some of the protesters were "professional protesters" who were protesting him because they did not know him. Rudy Giuliani, the former mayor of New York City, called the protesters "spoiled crybabies".[818]
For years the Republican elite has gotten away with promoting policies about trade and entitlements that are the exact opposites of the policies favored by much of their electoral base. Populist conservatives who want to end illegal immigration, tax the rich, protect Social Security and Medicare, and fight fewer foreign wars have been there all along. It's just that mainstream pundits and journalists, searching for a libertarian right more to their liking (and comprehension), refused to see them before the Summer of Trump.
Donald Trump's strong primary showing among blue-collar voters is prompting speculation...
This is not the first time Trump has been forced to disavow or distance himself from anti-Semitic or white supremacist connections ... Leaders of his own party were publicly appalled. Trump eventually tweeted an official disavowal and blamed a faulty earpiece for his initial response. But anti-Semitic and white nationalist rhetoric has continued to dog the candidate. Trump has been accused of knowingly whipping up racist sentiment among his supporters. He denies it but declines to explain how anti-Semitic memes keeping making their way into his own tweets.
'I will suspend immigration from areas of the world where there's a proven history of terrorism against the United States, Europe or our allies until we fully understand how to end these threats.'
Half of all Americans now believe the country's best days are behind it, and this belief is particularly strong among white, evangelical Christians. This is one of the beliefs that Republican frontrunner Trump is capitalising on in his campaign and helps explain why he is doing so well. The pessimism about the state of the country is reflected in raised levels of concern about crime, racial tensions and immigration, the survey reports.
Hillary Clinton 60,071,781 votes (47.7%) Donald J. Trump 59,791,135 votes (47.5%)
...the Russians were talking to people associated with Trump. The precise nature of these exchanges has not been made public, but according to sources in the US and the UK, they formed a suspicious pattern.
President-elect Donald J. Trump today announced the formation of the White House National Trade Council (NTC) and his selection of Dr. Peter Navarro to serve as Assistant to the President and Director of Trade and Industrial Policy.
The researchers in question said there is no plot against the Trump team, just errors of analysis by Navarro and Ross ... "There's no conspiracy," said Marcus Noland, executive vice president and director of studies at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, the think tank Navarro dubbed Vader-esque. "There is a complete misunderstanding of international trade, on their part."
Donald Trump has gotten the equivalent of nearly $3 billion in free advertising since last May, according to the latest statistics from the firm mediaQuant, blowing away rivals in both parties.
Sooner or later Donald Trump, even if he's president, is going to have to learn that he doesn't get to pick the journalists—we're very surprised he's willing to show that much fear about being questioned by Megyn Kelly.
What is perhaps more surprising, at least to Washington-based conservatives, is how many Republicans are also embracing Trump's populist lines on ending free trade, protecting Social Security, and providing basic health care.
While wages declined and workers grew anxious about retirement, Republicans offered an economic program still centered on tax cuts for the affluent and the curtailing of popular entitlements like Medicare and Social Security.
... Limbaugh has also consistently defended Trump as a legitimate choice for those whose dominating factor is the humiliation of "the establishment.
cliquish, elitist club
The evidence suggests WikiLeaks is among the factors that might have contributed to her loss, but we really can't say much more than that.
Trump stands accused of misogyny to a degree that has not been seen in mainstream American politics for decades.
From Vladimir Putin to Saddam Hussein, Donald Trump has regularly and openly expressed his admiration for a rogues' gallery of foreign dictators and autocrats. Does he have a soft spot for strongmen? ... Critics have called it a fixation and a window into how Trump would govern if elected.
Donald Trump's regular praise for authoritarian governments and dictators has come under fresh scrutiny this week following his latest laudatory comments about the late Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein, whose human rights abuses and support for international terrorism made him a top enemy of the United States for decades.
Donald Trump's favorable mention of former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein on Tuesday is just the latest in a string of compliments he has paid to global strongmen.
Trump 'would be the most reckless President in American history', they write.
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