Don Quixote, Op. 50 is an opera in three acts byWilhelm Kienzl. The libretto, written by the composer, is based on the novel byMiguel de Cervantes.[1]
Kienzl composed the opera in 1896, completing the full score on 9 October 1897, the 350th birthday of Cervantes (according to the composer's note in the score Cervantes was born on 9 October 1547). He dedicated the opera to "den Manen des grossen Cervantes" ("the Manes of the great Cervantes").[2][3] The score was published by Musikverlages Bote & G. Bock Berlin GmbH, now part ofBoosey & Hawkes.[4]
The opera was first performed at the Neues Königliches Opernhaus (Königliche Hofoper) in Berlin on 18 November 1898 withCarl Muck conducting.[4] It was not favourably received by the audience, nor by the Berlin press, and only four more performances followed. The fifth performance was (and still remains) the last fully staged one of the complete unabbreviated work, which takes over three hours (without intermission). Kienzl abbreviated the work for a performance the same year at theNeues Deutsches Theater in Prague; again the reception was divided. Although a production run in Graz in 1905 met with greater success, the opera was not staged again for almost thirty years. A new abbreviated version was premiered in Graz on 1 May 1934, and then at theVienna State Opera on 22 November 1936.[3]
The only production in a non-German speaking country was in Moscow in 1911.[3]
The opera was revived in a concert performance conducted byGustav Kuhn at theKonzerthaus Berlin on 22 March 1998. (see also section Recordings)
| Role[2] | Voice type[2] | Premiere Cast[3] 18 November 1898 (Conductor:Carl Muck) |
|---|---|---|
| Alonzo Quixano,an elderly squire, named "Don Quixote de la Mancha" | characterbaritone | Hermann Bachmann |
| Mercedes,his niece | mezzo-soprano | |
| Sancho Pansa,a peasant | buffotenor | Julius Lieban |
| The duke | lyric tenor | Robert Philipp |
| The duchess | highsoprano | Therese Rothauser |
| Don Clavijo,the duke's chamberlain | bass | Rudolf Krasa |
| Carrasco,barber | lyric baritone | Paul Bulß |
| Tirante,innkeeper | buffo bass | Emil Stammer |
| Maritornes,his daughter, a waitress | soprano | Emilie Herzog |
| Aldonza,a waitress | contralto | |
| A messenger | bass | |
| Kitchen boy | soprano | |
| Frasquita, Rosita, Marieta, Juanita,the duchess's maids | soprano & contralto | Marie Dietrich, Thessa Gradl |
The orchestral score requires:
In 2002CPO released a recording made during rehearsals and concert performance (19–22 March 1998) of the revival in Berlin with Gustav Kuhn conducting theRundfunk-Sinfonieorchester Berlin. The principal roles were sung byThomas Mohr (Don Quixote), Michelle Breedt (Mercedes) and James Wagner (Sancho Pansa).[5][6]