Doğubayazıt | |
|---|---|
 Doğubayazıt fromIshak Pasha Palace | |
  Doğubayazıt Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates:39°32′50″N44°05′00″E / 39.54722°N 44.08333°E /39.54722; 44.08333 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Ağrı |
| District | Doğubayazıt |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Yıldız Acar (HDP) |
| Population (2021)[1] | 80,061 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Website | www |
Doğubayazıt (Kurdish:Bazîd;[2]Armenian:Պայազատ,romanized: Payazat orԴարոյնք,Daruynk)[3] is a town ofAğrı Province ofTurkey, near theborder withIran. Its elevation is 1625 m. It is the seat ofDoğubayazıt District.[4] Its population is 80,061 (2021).[1] Also known asKurdava,[5][6] the town was the capital of the self-declaredRepublic of Ararat, a short-livedKurdish state centered in the Ağrı Province.[7][8][9]
For most of the periods described here, Doğubayazıt was a bigger and more important settlement than the present-day provincial capitalAğrı, not least because this is the Iranian border crossing.
The area has a long history, with monuments dating back to the time of theKingdom of Urartu (over 2700 years ago). Before theOttoman Empire the site was referred to by itsArmenian nameDaruynk (written as Դարույնք in Armenian).[3] In the 4th century theSasanians failed to capture the Armenian stronghold and royal treasury at Daroynk. Princes of theBagratid dynasty of Armenia resided at Daroynk and rebuilt the fortress into its present configuration with multiple baileys and towers carefully integrated into the ascending rock outcrop. When KingGagik I Artsruni reoccupied the fortress ca.922 A.D. it became the seat of a bishop.[10] It was subsequently conquered and reconquered byPersians,Armenians,Byzantines, andSeljuks all of whom would have used the plain to rest and recoup during their passages across the mountains.[3]Turkish peoples arrived in 1064, but were soon followed by theMongols and further waves of Turks. The castle of Daroynk was repaired many times throughout this history, although it is now named after the Turkish warlordCelayırlı Şehzade Bayazıt Han who ordered one of the rebuildings (in 1374). Ultimately, the town was renamed Beyazit itself in the 16th century.
From the time of theSafavids, the area was ruled by Turkic-speaking generals, later including the Ottoman general İshakpaşa, who built the palace that still bears his name.
The town saw fighting in theOttoman–Persian War (1821–1823) when in 1821 commander-in-chiefAbbas Mirza ofQajar Iran occupied the town,[11] as well as when it was attacked byRussia later in 1856, and taken by the Russians during theRusso-Turkish War (1877–1878). When the Russians retreated many of the localArmenians left with them to buildNew Beyazit (nowGavar atArmenia) on the shore ofLake Sevan.
Doğubayazıt was further ravaged duringWorld War I and the subsequentTurkish War of Independence.[citation needed]
Starting in 1920, the area began producingsulphur.[12]
The widely dispersed village of Bayazit, was originally anArmenian settlement and populated byKurds in 1930 andYazidis from the Serhed region. But in 1930 theTurkish Army destroyed it in response to theArarat Rebellion. A new town was built in the plain below the old site in the 1930s[13] (hence the new name "Doğubayazıt", which literally means "East Beyazıt").
Doğubayazıt was the capital of theKurdish Republic of Ararat led byIbrahim Haski andIhsan Nuri of theXoybûn organization between 1927 and 1930.[14] The town was thus dubbed the provisional capital ofKurdistan and was subsequently presented to theLeague of Nations and the Great Powers as the center of an independent Kurdish state.[15][16][17]
In January 2006, Doğubayazıt was the centre of aH5N1bird flu outbreak. Four children died from the disease after playing with chicken carcasses. 75,000 chickens in Doğubayazıt and in surrounding villages were killed as a precaution.[18]
In thelocal elections in March 2019, Yıldız Acar was elected Mayor of thePeoples' Democratic Party (HDP).[19]
The Doğubayazıtspor football club plays in the lower divisions of the Turkish football league.[20] It played in the Turkish Third League for three seasons.
Doğubeyazıt district center stays in the south of theAras Mountains.[21] The town of Doğubayazıt is a settlement with a long history. It lies 15 km southwest ofMount Ararat, 93 km east of the city ofAğrı and 35 km from the Iranian border. The town stands on a plain surrounded by some of Turkey's highest peaks including: Ararat (5,137 m),Little Ararat (3,896 m),Tendürek Dağı (3,533 m), Kaletepe (3,196 m) Arıdağı (2,934 m) and Göllertepe (2,643 m). Kizil Mountain at 2,730 m is two kilometers east of the town.[22]
The climate on the plain is hot and dry in summer, cold and somewhat snowy in the winter; it is classified as ahumid continental climate (Köppen:Dfa), transitioning to acold semi-arid climate (Köppen:BSk).[23]
| Climate data for Doğubayazıt (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) | 2.5 (36.5) | 8.2 (46.8) | 14.7 (58.5) | 19.8 (67.6) | 25.3 (77.5) | 29.3 (84.7) | 29.7 (85.5) | 25.0 (77.0) | 17.9 (64.2) | 9.4 (48.9) | 2.8 (37.0) | 15.5 (59.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.4 (24.1) | −2.6 (27.3) | 3.0 (37.4) | 9.0 (48.2) | 13.7 (56.7) | 18.7 (65.7) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.8 (73.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 11.3 (52.3) | 3.7 (38.7) | −1.9 (28.6) | 9.5 (49.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.9 (16.0) | −7.1 (19.2) | −1.7 (28.9) | 3.5 (38.3) | 7.5 (45.5) | 11.5 (52.7) | 15.3 (59.5) | 15.3 (59.5) | 10.1 (50.2) | 5.2 (41.4) | −1.2 (29.8) | −6.2 (20.8) | 3.7 (38.7) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 18.36 (0.72) | 19.58 (0.77) | 27.15 (1.07) | 41.39 (1.63) | 53.71 (2.11) | 39.37 (1.55) | 23.63 (0.93) | 14.51 (0.57) | 18.51 (0.73) | 36.31 (1.43) | 26.3 (1.04) | 21.1 (0.83) | 339.92 (13.38) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 3.9 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 7.4 | 9.9 | 6.9 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 66.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 71.2 | 69.4 | 62.9 | 59.3 | 58.3 | 51.8 | 47.9 | 45.7 | 49.2 | 61.2 | 67.4 | 71.7 | 59.6 |
| Source:NOAA[24] | |||||||||||||
Doğubayazıt istwinned with:
Eilat,Israel
Podgorica,Montenegro
Montevideo,Uruguay
Kitwe,ZambiaLusaka,Zambia
Bulawayo,Zimbabwe
Kosovska Mitrovica,Serbia
Gothenburg, SwedenKarlstad, Sweden
Timbuktu,Mali
Bergen, Norway
Turku, Finland
Saarbrücken, Germany
N'Djamena,Chad
Esbjerg, Denmark
Dogubeyazit travel guide from Wikivoyage| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
