Disperse dye is a category ofsynthetic dye intended forpolyester and related hydrophobic fibers. Disperse dyes are polar molecules containing anthraquinone or azo groups. It is estimated that 85% of disperse dyes areazos oranthraquinone dyes.^[1][2]

The history of disperse dye production is closely related to the synthesis ofcellulose acetate fibres. Disperse dyes were invented in 1923-24.^[3]

Disperse dyes arenon-ionic in nature and partiallysoluble in water. The interaction of dye molecule and polymer takes place withVan der Waals anddipole forces.^[4] Disperse dyes have better diffusion at boiling to a higher temperature.^[5]

• Disperse Blue dyes, especially 106 and 124, are common causes ofcontact allergy.^[6]
• Disperse Orange 1 is anazo dye.
• Disperse Red 9 is a red dye derived fromanthraquinone.
• Disperse Red 11, also called C.I. 62015 and 1,4-diamino-2-methoxy anthraquinone, is another anthraquinone dye.
• Disperse Red 60 is also an anthraquinone dye.
• Disperse Yellow 26 is a yellow disperse dye.
• Disperse Yellow 42 is prepared by the reaction of two equivalents ofaniline with 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride.

• Dyes
• Textile treatments

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