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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name S,S'-1,4-dioxane-2,3-diyl O,O,O',O'-tetraethyl bis(dithiophosphate) | |
| Other names phosphorodithoic acid; S,S’-1,4-Dioxane- 2,3-Diyl 0,0,0’,0’-Tetraethyl Ester; Navadel; Delnatex; Delnav; Deltic; dioxane phosphate p-Dioxane-2,3-diyl ethyl phosphorodithioate 2,3-p-Dioxanethiol-S,S-bis(O,O-diethyl phosphoro-dithioate) | |
| Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.001.007 |
| UNII | |
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| Properties | |
| C12H26O6P2S4 | |
| Molar mass | 456.2 g/mol |
| Appearance | Thick reddish-brown liquid/powder |
| Odor | garlicky |
| Density | 1.26 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K) |
| Insoluble | |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | noncombustible[1] |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) | none[1] |
REL (Recommended) | TWA 0.2 mg/m3[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) | N.D.[1] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Dioxathion,systematically known as p-dioxane-2,3-diyl ethyl phosphorodithioate, is anorganophosphatepesticide. It is used as aninsecticide on livestock and as anacaricide on citrus fruits, deciduous fruits and nuts.
Under the trade name Delnav, it can be used to control insects and mites on apples, pears, quince, grapes, and walnuts, and finds use in the control of ticks, horn flies, lice and sheepkeds in various livestock, either as a spray or as a dip. Under the trade name Deltic, it is a restricted use pesticide for exterior control of fleas, ticks and mites, in kennels, dog houses, yards, and other recreational areas.
Dioxathion is anExtremely Hazardous Substance, as defined by Section 302 of theU.S.Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, and is no longer allowed to be sold in the United States. However, it continues to see use in some other countries. It has been known to cause inhibition of theenzymecholinesterase in rats, and it is recommended that people who have exposure to dioxathion regularly get theirplasma andred blood cell cholinesterase levels assessed. Persons exposed to other chemicals which affect cholinesterase levels, e.g. other organophosphates orcarbamates, may be at an increased risk. There are no knowncarcinogenic orreproductive effects, but long term exposure may result innerve damage, poormotor coordination, and personality changes ofanxiety,depression orirritability.
Short-term effects may include irritation to theeyes,pupil constriction and blurring ofvision,abdominalcramps, laboured breathing,nausea,vomiting,diarrhoea,muscle cramps and excesssalivation. These are mostly classic symptoms oforganophosphate poisoning.
Dioxathion must be stored away fromalkalis,iron,tin andstrong acids. Contact can be avoided by using protective clothing and eyeware. If poisoning occurs, aphysician may administeratropine sulfate, orpralidoxime in case of severe poisoning.
