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Diego Martínez Barrio

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Spanish politician

In thisSpanish name, the first or paternal surname is Martínez and the second or maternal family name is Barrio.
Diego Martínez Barrio
Portrait,c. 1930s
President of the Spanish Republic
Interim
In office
7 April 1936 – 10 May 1936
Preceded byNiceto Alcalá-Zamora
Succeeded byManuel Azaña
Prime Minister of Spain
In office
8 October 1933 – 16 December 1933
PresidentNiceto Alcala-Zamora
Preceded byAlejandro Lerroux
Succeeded byAlejandro Lerroux
In office
19 July 1936 – 19 July 1936
PresidentManuel Azaña
Preceded bySantiago Casares Quiroga
Succeeded byJosé Giral
Personal details
Born(1883-11-25)25 November 1883
Died1 January 1962(1962-01-01) (aged 78)
Political partyRepublican Union
Other political
affiliations		Radical Republican Party
Popular Front
ProfessionPolitician, journalist
Signature

Diego Martínez Barrio (25 November 1883, inSeville – 1 January 1962) was a Spanish politician during theSecond Spanish Republic,Prime Minister of Spain between 9 October 1933 and 26 December 1933[1] and was briefly appointed again byManuel Azaña on 19 July 1936 - two days after the beginning of theSpanish Civil War. From 16 March 1936 to 30 March 1939 Martínez was President of the Cortes. In 1936, he was briefly the interim President of the Second Spanish Republic, from 7 April to 10 May.

Biography

[edit]

Barrio was born inSeville. A member of theRadical Republican Party, he was the Minister in theAlejandro Lerroux government but later he left the party for dissatisfaction with the politics of Lerroux.[2]

Martínez consequently founded and led theRepublican Union and participated in the SpanishPopular Front,[3] being elected to government in 1936. He led the integration of the Republican Union into the Popular Front, being elected the speaker of theCortes (Spanish Parliament).[4] In February 1939, he rejected to replace Manuel Azaña as president of the Republic.[5] Following the resignation ofSantiago Casares Quiroga two days after the outbreak of the civil war, he was appointed prime minister on 19 July 1936. As part of his intention to avert war, his cabinet ignored the left wing of the Popular Front, but he would last just a few hours, and he resigned later the same morning, after an unsuccessful appeal to Nationalist GeneralEmilio Mola to avoid war, and was succeeded byJosé Giral.[6]He fled the country afterFrancisco Franco came to power in 1939.[7]

He was the Grand Master of theGrande Oriente Español from 1929 to 1934.[8]

After the fall of the Republic, he went into exile, first toFrance and then toMexico, where, in 1945, he was designatedpresident of theRepublic in exile[9] until 1962.[10] Martínez finally returned toParis, where he died.

In 2000, his remains were moved toSeville.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Diego Martínez Barrio, * 1883 | Geneall.net".
  2. ^Jackson, Gabriel. (1967).The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939. Princeton University Press. Princeton. p. 123
  3. ^Jackson, Gabriel. (1967).The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939. Princeton University Press. Princeton. p. 185
  4. ^Thomas, Hugh. (2001).The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. p. 152
  5. ^Jackson, Gabriel. (1967).The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939. Princeton University Press. Princeton. p. 485
  6. ^Beever, Antony (2006).The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939. London: Phoenix. p. 69.ISBN 978-0-7538-2165-7.
  7. ^Thomas, Hugh. (2001).The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. p. 895
  8. ^1863-1923Archived 2008-11-07 at theWayback Machine, Brief History of the Spanish Masonry
  9. ^Beever, Antony (2006).The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939. London: Phoenix. p. 423.ISBN 978-0-7538-2165-7.
  10. ^Thomas, Hugh. (2001).The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. p. 923.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Beevor, Antony.The battle for Spain. The Spanish civil war. Penguin Books. 2006. London.ISBN 0-14-303765-X.
  • Thomas, Hugh.The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. 2003.ISBN 978-0-14-101161-5
Political offices
Preceded by
Office created
Minister for Communications
1931		Succeeded by
Preceded byPrime Minister of Spain
1933		Succeeded by
Preceded byMinister of War
1933–1934		Succeeded by
Preceded byMinister of Government
1934		Succeeded by
Preceded byPresident of the Congress of Deputies
1936–1939		Succeeded by
Preceded byPresident of the Spanish Republic
Acting
1936		Succeeded by
Preceded byPrime Minister of Spain
1936		Succeeded by
Spanish Republic (1873–1874)
Spanish Republic (1931–1939)
Spanish Republic in exile (1939–1977)
^President of the Executive Power
^^Acting head of state
^^^Interim head of state
Acting prime ministers shown initalics.
Queen Isabella II
(1833–1868)
Democratic Sexennium
(1868–1874)
The Restoration
(1874–1931)
Second Republic
(1931–1939)
Spain under Franco
(1936–1975)
Since 1975
International
National
People
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