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Dibutyltryptamine

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chemical compound
Pharmaceutical compound
Dibutyltryptamine
Clinical data
Other namesN,N-Dibutyltryptamine; DBT;N,N-DBT
Drug classSerotonergic psychedelic;Hallucinogen
ATC code
  • None
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • N-butyl-N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]butan-1-amine
CAS Number
PubChemCID
ChemSpider
UNII
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC18H28N2
Molar mass272.436 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point186 to 188 °C (367 to 370 °F)
  • CCCCN(CCCC)CCC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21
  • InChI=1S/C18H28N2/c1-3-5-12-20(13-6-4-2)14-11-16-15-19-18-10-8-7-9-17(16)18/h7-10,15,19H,3-6,11-14H2,1-2H3 checkY
  • Key:LZLJUZWFWYEQLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Dibutyltryptamine (DBT), also known asN,N-dibutyltryptamine (N,N-DBT), is apsychedelic drug of thetryptamine family.[1]

Use and effects

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In his bookTiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved),Alexander Shulgin reported that a dose of 1 mg/kg byintramuscular injection was active, but less so thandimethyltryptamine (DMT) ordiethyltryptamine (DET).[1][2] This suggests that an active dose of DBT will be in the 100 mg range.[citation needed] It has been sold as a "research chemical" and has been confirmed to be an active hallucinogen, although somewhat weaker than other similar tryptamine derivatives.[citation needed]

Interactions

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See also:Psychedelic drug § Interactions, andTrip killer § Serotonergic psychedelic antidotes

Pharmacology

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Pharmacodynamics

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DBT produces thehead-twitch response in mice.[3]

Chemistry

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DBT is found either as itscrystallinehydrochloridesalt or as an oily or crystallinebase.

Synthesis

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Thechemical synthesis of DBT has been described.[1]

Isomers

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There are four symmetrical isomers of DBT which can be made, or ten isomers in total if unsymmetrical substitution is used. Of these only the n-butyl analogue DBT is known to be active in humans; the isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl isomers DIBT, DSBT and DTBT have never been tested and only DBT and DIBT were made by Shulgin.

The unsymmetrical isomers BIBT, BSBT, BTBT, IBSBT, IBTBT and SBTBT are also possible but have never been made and no predictions have been made about their activity. Shulgin speculates that the s-butyl isomer DSBT may be more potent than the straight chain compound DBT, but that the more highly branched DIBT and DTBT would probably be inactive due to the bulk of the substituent group. As for longer chain compounds than butyl, they have not been made and would probably be inactive. Shulgin mentions that the monohexyl compound NHT is without activity. However the unsymmetrical compounds such asmethylbutyltryptamine show more promise, and a wide range of possible compounds could be made by pairing the various butyl isomers with methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl or allyl groups.[citation needed]

Analogues

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Analogues of DBT include4-HO-DBT,4-HO-DsBT,5-MeO-DBT, anddihexyltryptamine (DHT), among others.

History

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DBT was first described in thescientific literature by 1959.[4]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abcShulgin A,Shulgin A (September 1997).TiHKAL: The Continuation.Berkeley, California:Transform Press.ISBN 0-9630096-9-9.OCLC 38503252.
  2. ^Brimblecombe RW, Pinder RM (1975). "Indolealkylamines and Related Compounds".Hallucinogenic Agents. Bristol: Wright-Scientechnica. pp. 98–144.ISBN 978-0-85608-011-1.OCLC 2176880.OL 4850660M.The N,N-dibutyl derivative (4.11) showed a considerable decrease in activity, while increasing the chain length to N,N-dihexyl (4.12) abolished hallucinogenic effects in man (Szara, 1961b).
  3. ^Abiero A, Ryu IS, Botanas CJ, Custodio RJ, Sayson LV, Kim M, et al. (June 2019)."Four Novel Synthetic Tryptamine Analogs Induce Head-Twitch Responses and Increase 5-HTR2a in the Prefrontal Cortex in Mice".Biomolecules & Therapeutics.28:83–91.doi:10.4062/biomolther.2019.049.PMC 6939696.PMID 31230432.
  4. ^Barlow RB, Khan I (March 1959)."Actions of some analogues of tryptamine on the isolated rat uterus and on the isolated rat fundus strip preparations".Br J Pharmacol Chemother.14 (1):99–107.doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1959.tb00934.x.PMC 1481812.PMID 13651585.

External links

[edit]
Tryptamines
No ring subs.
4-Hydroxytryptamines
5-Hydroxytryptamines
5-Methoxytryptamines
Other ring subs.
α-Alkyltryptamines
Others
Cyclized
Bioisosteres
Phenethylamines
Scalines
2C-x
3C-x
DOx
4C-x
Ψ-PEA
MDxx
FLY
25x-NB (NBOMes)
Others
Cyclized
Lysergamides
  • Bioisosteres:JRT
Others
Natural sources
Tryptamines
4-Hydroxytryptamines
andesters/ethers
5-Hydroxy- and
5-methoxytryptamines
N-Acetyltryptamines
α-Alkyltryptamines
Cyclized tryptamines
Isotryptamines
Related compounds
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