Diamond Harbour | |
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| Diamond Harbour | |
 Diamond Harbour Municipality | |
 Interactive map of Diamond Harbour | |
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| Coordinates:22°11′34″N88°11′22″E / 22.1926886°N 88.1894879°E /22.1926886; 88.1894879 | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  West Bengal |
| Division | Presidency |
| District | South 24 Parganas |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Body | Diamond Harbour Municipality |
| Area | |
• Total | 10.36 km2 (4.00 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 7 m (23 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 41,802 |
| • Density | 4,035/km2 (10,450/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 85.93 per cent |
| • Sex ratio | 986♂/♀ |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali[1][2] |
| • Additional official | English[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 743331 |
| Telephone code | +91 3174 |
| Vehicle registration | WB-19,WB-20,WB-95,WB-96,WB-97,WB-98 |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Diamond Harbour |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Diamond Harbour |
| Website | diamondharbourmunicipality |
Diamond Harbour (Bengali:[ˈɖai̯mənɖˈɦaɾbaɾ]ⓘ) is a city and a municipality ofSouth 24 Parganas district in theIndianstate ofWest Bengal. It is the headquarters ofDiamond Harbour subdivision.
Diamond Harbour was originally known asHajipur, as it was situated on the banks of the Hajipur creek. The name Diamond Harbour was applied by theBritish, who used it for both river and sea shipping.[3][4] The area was known since 16th and 17th-centuryPortuguese riverpirates, (harmad).[5] There was a fort named Chingrikhali Kella, reportedly built by Portuguese pirates during 1600s, presently dilapidated.[6]
Diamond Harbour subdivision is a rural subdivision with patches of urbanisation. Only 14.61% of the population lives in the urban areas and an overwhelming 85.39% lives in the rural areas. In the western portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 11census towns. The entire district is situated in theGanges Delta and the western part, located on the east bank of theHooghly River, is covered by the Kulpi Diamond Harbour Plain, which is 5–6 metres above sea level.Archaeological excavations atDeulpota andHarinarayanpur, on the bank of the Hooghly River indicate the existence of human habitation more than 2,000 years ago.[7][8][9]
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.
Diamond Harbour is located at22°11′34″N88°11′22″E / 22.1926886°N 88.1894879°E /22.1926886; 88.1894879. It has an average elevation of 7 metres (23 ft).[10]
Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate astropical wet and dry (Aw).
The overall climate of Diamond harbour is warm and humid. The summer temperature often crosses 35 °C when it drops 15 °C. The highest temperature ever was 43.0 °C, recorded on 21 May 2002. The lowest temperature dropped was 8.2 °C, on 13 January 2003. The annual average rainfall is 1600 mm. The air is moderately humid, around 76%.
| Climate data for Diamond Harbour (1991–2020, extremes 1978–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.2 (91.8) | 38.0 (100.4) | 40.6 (105.1) | 41.9 (107.4) | 43.0 (109.4) | 40.4 (104.7) | 38.0 (100.4) | 38.5 (101.3) | 37.5 (99.5) | 37.4 (99.3) | 35.6 (96.1) | 32.6 (90.7) | 43.0 (109.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.4 (77.7) | 29.1 (84.4) | 32.7 (90.9) | 34.0 (93.2) | 34.3 (93.7) | 33.5 (92.3) | 32.1 (89.8) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.4 (90.3) | 32.3 (90.1) | 30.2 (86.4) | 26.8 (80.2) | 31.3 (88.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) | 17.9 (64.2) | 22.8 (73.0) | 25.8 (78.4) | 26.8 (80.2) | 27.2 (81.0) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.5 (79.7) | 24.6 (76.3) | 19.9 (67.8) | 15.1 (59.2) | 22.8 (73.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) | 9.8 (49.6) | 14.1 (57.4) | 18.0 (64.4) | 18.0 (64.4) | 21.4 (70.5) | 23.2 (73.8) | 21.5 (70.7) | 20.4 (68.7) | 18.5 (65.3) | 13.3 (55.9) | 9.7 (49.5) | 6.8 (44.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 15.0 (0.59) | 27.8 (1.09) | 28.8 (1.13) | 46.5 (1.83) | 125.1 (4.93) | 258.6 (10.18) | 386.1 (15.20) | 365.1 (14.37) | 300.8 (11.84) | 147.5 (5.81) | 29.4 (1.16) | 8.3 (0.33) | 1,739 (68.46) |
| Average rainy days | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 6.1 | 12.2 | 16.7 | 17.0 | 13.2 | 6.1 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 80.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%)(at 17:30IST) | 69 | 66 | 67 | 77 | 78 | 84 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 81 | 75 | 73 | 77 |
| Source:India Meteorological Department[11][12][13] | |||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1951 | 9,818 | — |
| 1961 | 10,135 | +3.2% |
| 1971 | 13,072 | +29.0% |
| 1981 | 20,259 | +55.0% |
| 1991 | 30,266 | +49.4% |
| 2001 | 37,234 | +23.0% |
| 2011 | 41,802 | +12.3% |
| Source:Census of India[14] | ||
According to the2011 Census of India, Diamond Harbour had a total population of 41,802, of which 21,050 (50.36%) were males and 20,752 (49.64%) were females. It had a population density of 4,035 inhabitants per square kilometre (10,450/sq mi) with a sex ratio of 986 females for every 1000 males. There were 3,688 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years which is 8.82% of the total population. The Scheduled Castes numbered 5,221 (12.49%) and the Scheduled Tribes numbered 72 (0.17%). The total number of literate persons was 32,753 (85.93% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 17,193 (89.57% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 15,560 (82.25% of the female population over 6 years). Diamond Harbour had a total of 10,048 households as per report released by 2011 Census of India.[15]
At the time of the2011 Census of India, 99.14% of the population spokeBengali, 0.82%Hindi and 0.03%Urdu as their first language.[16]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 85.98% | |||
| Islam | 13.75% | |||
| Christianity | 0.11% | |||
| Sikhism | 0.10% | |||
| Buddhism | 0.01% | |||
| Jainism | 0.01% | |||
| Others or not stated | 0.04% | |||
According to the2011 Census of India, 85.98% of the population isHindu, 13.75% Muslim, 0.11% Christian, 0.10% Sikh, 0.01% Buddhist and 0.01% Jain. 0.04% did not state a religion in the census.[17]
Diamond Harbour Municipality covers an area of 10.36 km2 (4.00 sq mi). It has jurisdiction over the entire city of Diamond Harbour. The municipality was established in 1982; 44 years ago (1982). It is divided into 16 administrative wards. According to the 2022 municipal election, it is being controlled by theAll India Trinamool Congress.[18][19]
Diamond Harbour police station covers an area of 134 km2 (52 sq mi). It has jurisdiction over parts of the Diamond Harbour Municipality, and theDiamond Harbour I andDiamond Harbour II CD blocks.[20][21]
Diamond Harbour women police station has jurisdiction over parts of the Diamond Harbour Municipality, and theDiamond Harbour I andDiamond Harbour II CD blocks.[22][21]
The headquarters of theDiamond Harbour I CD block are located at Diamond Harbour.[23]
Diamond Harbour is on theNational Highway 12.[24]
Diamond Harbour railway station is on theSealdah–Diamond Harbour line of theKolkata Suburban Railway.[24][25]
With the electrification of the railways, suburban traffic has grown tremendously since the 1960s. As of 2005–06, more than 1.7 million (17 lakhs) commuters use theKolkata Suburban Railway system daily. After the partition of India, refugees from East Pakistan/ Bangladesh had a strong impact on the development of urban areas in the periphery of Kolkata. The new immigrants depended on Kolkata for their livelihood, thus increasing the number of commuters. Eastern Railway runs 1,272 EMU trains daily.[26]
Diamond Harbour Subdivisional Hospital, with 250 beds, is the major government medical facility in the Diamond Harbour subdivision.[31]
Media related toDiamond Harbour at Wikimedia Commons
Diamond Harbour, India travel guide from Wikivoyage| International | |
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