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Dheisheh

Coordinates:31°41′38″N35°11′3″E / 31.69389°N 35.18417°E /31.69389; 35.18417
Extended-protected article
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
West Bank refugee camp south of Bethlehem

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.

Refugee Camp in Bethlehem, State of Palestine
Dheisheh Camp
Arabic transcription(s)
 • Arabicمخيم الدهيشه
 • Latinad Duheisha Camp (official)
Dheishe Camp (unofficial)
Dheisheh Camp, 2018
Dheisheh Camp, 2018
Dheisheh Camp is located in State of Palestine
Dheisheh Camp
Dheisheh Camp
Location of Dheisheh Camp withinPalestine
Coordinates:31°41′38″N35°11′3″E / 31.69389°N 35.18417°E /31.69389; 35.18417
StateState of Palestine
GovernorateBethlehem
Government
 • TypeRefugee Camp (from 1949)
Area
 (approximate)
 • Total
1,000 dunams (1 km2 or 0.4 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)[1]
 • Total
8,805
 • Density8,800/km2 (23,000/sq mi)

Dheisheh (Arabic:مخيم الدهيشة) is aPalestinian refugee camp located just south ofBethlehem in theWest Bank. Dheisheh was established in 1949 on 0.31 square kilometers of land leased from the Jordanian government.[2] The camp was established as a temporary refuge for 3,400 Palestinians from 45 villages west of Jerusalem and Hebron displaced in the1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight which occurred during the1948 Palestine war. The camp had a population of 8,805 in 2017.[1]

Six decades of natural population growth have expanded the camp's dimensions into an area between 1 and 1.5 square kilometers. The exact dimensions are subject to periodic debate between residents,UNRWA and thePalestinian Authority. The latter two are required to provide services to residents, depending on their resident status within the camp.

Although initially living in tents, the residents have since constructed homes. Many streets are now paved, while still remaining very narrow. According to UNRWA, the entire camp is connected to the municipal water and electric systems of Bethlehem, yet 15% of the camp remains unconnected to the local public sewage system. These homes make use of communal percolation pits.[2]

Name

There are several alternativetransliterations of theArabic name "دهيشة", including "Deheishe", "Deheisheh", "Duheisha", "Dheisha", and "Dhaisha".[3][4][5][6] "Dheisheh" is the spelling UNRWA uses.[7][8]

History

Dheisheh refugee camp in 1952

The Dheisheh refugee camp was established after the1948 Palestine war, to accommodate those displaced in the1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight. The camp was built on land that had been owned by a subsidiary of theJewish National Fund.[9] The people who gathered in Dheisheh originated from more than 45 villages west ofJerusalem andHebron.

Photo of the camp in 1959

Towards the end of the 1950s the UNRWA started to build very simple living units: A single room of 10 square metres, 10 cm thick and 2.45 m high walls, a steel roof and a floor made of rough concrete. Refugees began to build their own houses so as not to live in the UNRWA's shacks any longer.

Since theSix-Day War in 1967, Dheisheh has been underIsraeli occupation. During the years betweenIsraeli occupation in 1967 and the camp coming underPalestinian Authority jurisdiction in 1995, Dheisheh was under curfew an average of 3.5 days a month, at one point lasting for 84 consecutive days. Throughout theFirst Intifada, a six-metre high barbed wire fence was installed around the camp, and thirteen of the camp's fourteen entrances were barricaded.[10]

On 15 April 1989, during the early months ofFirst Intifada, Imad Karaka was shot dead byIsraeli soldiers. The following day the army broke up a group of youths gathered outside Karaka's home. During the incident Nasser Ibrahim Elkassas, aged 16, was shot in the back and died shortly afterwards. Because of the curfew Elkassas' funeral was held inAtras. It was here that a soldier shot bystander Rufaida Khalil Abu Laban, a 14-year-old girl. She died almost immediately. In March the following year Defense MinisterYitzhak Rabin wrote to MKYair Tsaban stating that the incident occurred when an army patrol tried to disperse a curfew-breaking riot; they ran out ofrubber bullets and the sergeant in command fired twoplastic bullets, "deviating from operational orders", one of which killed the girl. TheMilitary Advocate General recommended that the battalion commander "give him a severe dressing down for deviating from orders." A medical examination found that Rufaida had been shot in the back of the head at close range.[11][12]

On 23 February 2015, during an operation to arrest a resident of the camp, Israeli soldiers shot dead a 19-year-old man.[13]

Majid Faraj, thePalestinian Authority's chief of General Intelligence since 2009, was born in Deheisha Camp in 1962. He is a long time member ofFatah. He first experienced an Israeli prison at the age of 15 and has spent a total of six years in Israeli custody. His father was shot dead by the IDF in April 2002 duringOperation Defensive Shield.[14]

Population

The population in the 1967 census conducted by the Israeli authorities was 4,149.[15]

Current population figures for Dheisheh are subject to disagreement between the respective census studies of thePalestinian National Authority and UNRWA. According to thePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the camp was estimated to have population of 9,399 in mid-year 2006, following natural population growths from 8,829 persons in 2004 and 9,114 persons in 2005.[16] In January 2009, the Population, Housing, and Establishment Census 2007, undertaken by the samePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, on behalf of the Palestinian National Authority, reported the following statistics for the year 2007:[8]

Demographic typeTotal
No. of total persons8,736
No. of females4,310
No. of males4,426
No. of housing units1,905
No. of buildings1,170
No. of households1,698
Average size of household:5.1

Of note is the absence of approximately 700 persons from the estimated 2006 figure compared to the 2007 reported figure. Also, the 2007 reported figure is less than the initial figured reported by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics for 2004.

UNRWA reported the following statistical figures for Dheisheh, as of 30 June 2008:[17]

Demographic typeTotal
No. of total persons13,017
No. of families2,838
No. of infants129

The discrepancy regarding the camp's population is influenced by several issues, most significant of which are the disagreements over the accepted dimensions of the camp and the status of unregistered residents. Residents of the camp are not taxed on their properties within the camp, and this results in disagreements as the camp community's population and geographical size continue to grow. The tax policy regarding the camp has resulted in the immigration of Palestinians who are not registered refugees with UNRWA. Accurate figures for these immigrants is non available.

Additionally, registration with UNRWA is voluntary and thus can not be expected to account for all eligible refugees living within the camp.

Based on the UNRWA statistics, Dheisheh is the fourth largest refugee camp in the West Bank, behindBalata,Tulkarm, andAskar (in that order). Dheisheh is thus the largest camp outside of UNRWA's Nablus district.

By comparison, Dheisheh camp would be the sixth largest after Balata, Askar, Tulkarm,Jenin, andQalandiya (in that order), based on the figures reported by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics.

Local organizations

Entrance to theKarama Organization

A number of local as well as international organizations offer humanitarian services within Dheisheh camp. Many of these organizations have a particular focus. A few of them are listed above.

The Karama Organization is a local organization aiming at providing leisure activities for children living in the camp.[18]

TheIbdaa Cultural Center has the aim of creating a positive atmosphere for children in the camp.

The Future Vision Society for the Development of the Abilities (AREEN) is another organization located in Dheishe camp. This non-profit organization seeks to provide a better future for the children and youth in the camp, especially for girls.[19]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related toDheisheh.
  1. ^abPreliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017(PDF).Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) (Report).State of Palestine. February 2018. pp. 64–82. Retrieved2023-10-24.
  2. ^abDheisheh refugee camp profileUNRWA
  3. ^The perspective from the streetAl Jazeera
  4. ^Witness: Israeli Forces Invade BethlehemArchived 2014-05-25 at theWayback MachineMa'an News Agency
  5. ^Archived December 10, 2010, at theWayback MachinePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  6. ^Projected Mid-Year Population for Bethlehem Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006Archived 2008-06-16 at theWayback MachinePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  7. ^Dheisheh Camp ProfileUNRWA
  8. ^abPopulation, Housing, and Establishment Census 2007 Census Final Results in the West Bank - Summary
  9. ^Michael Fischbach (2008).Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries. Columbia University Press. p. 86.
  10. ^Palestine & Palestinians. Beit Sahour: Alternative Tourism Group. September 2008. p. 207.ISBN 978-9950-319-01-1.
  11. ^B'Tselem May 1989 - 1st Information Sheet.link to pdf. p.6
  12. ^Talmor, Ronny (translated by Ralph Mandel) (1990)The Use of Firearms - By the Security Forces in the Occupied Territories.B'Tselem.download pp. 75,81 MKYair Tsaban to defence ministersYitzhak Rabin &Yitzhak Shamir, 84 medical report
  13. ^[1] Ha'aretz 24/2/2015
  14. ^[2] Ha'aretz
  15. ^Perlmann, Joel (November 2011 – February 2012)."The 1967 Census of the West Bank and Gaza Strip: A Digitized Version"(PDF).Levy Economics Institute. Retrieved24 June 2016.
  16. ^Projected Mid -Year Population for Bethlehem Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006Archived 2008-06-16 at theWayback MachinePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  17. ^Total Registered Camp Population - SummaryPalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  18. ^"Karama Goals". Archived fromthe original on 2017-03-12. Retrieved2010-03-22.
  19. ^"スロージューサー(低速ジューサー) 愛用者が語る、おすすめはコレ!". Archived fromthe original on 2018-10-12. Retrieved2019-11-27.

Further reading

  • Grossman, D. 1988. ‘A man is like a stalk of wheat’ inThe Yellow Wind, Pan Books Limited: Farrar Straus and Giroux

External links

Palestine refugee camps locations and populations as of 2015[1]
 Gaza Strip
518,000 UNRWA refugees
 West Bank
188,150 UNRWA refugees
 Syria
319,958 UNRWA refugees
 Lebanon
188,850 UNRWA refugees
 Jordan
355,500 UNRWA refugees
Al-Shati (Beach camp)87,000
Bureij 34,000
Deir al-Balah 21,000
Jabalia 110,000
Khan Yunis 72,000
Maghazi 24,000
Nuseirat 66,000
Rafah 104,000
Canada closed
Aqabat Jaber6,400
Ein as-Sultan 1,900
Far'a 7,600
Fawwar 8,000
Jalazone 11,000
Qalandia 11,000
Am'ari 10,500
Deir 'Ammar 2,400
Dheisheh 13,000
Aida 4,700
Al-Arroub 10,400
Askar 15,900
Balata 23,600
'Azza (Beit Jibrin) 1,000
Ein Beit al-Ma' (Camp No. 1) 6,750
Tulkarm 18,000
Nur Shams 9,000
Jenin 16,000
Shu'fat 11,000
Silwad
Birzeit
Sabinah22,600
Khan al-Shih 20,000
Nayrab 20,500
Homs 22,000
Jaramana 18,658
Daraa 10,000
Hama 8,000
Khan Danoun 10,000
Qabr Essit 23,700
Unofficial camps
Ein Al-Tal 6,000
Latakia 10,000
Yarmouk 148,500
Bourj el-Barajneh17,945
Ain al-Hilweh 54,116
El Buss 11,254
Nahr al-Bared 5,857
Shatila 9,842
Wavel 8,806
Mar Elias 662
Mieh Mieh 5,250
Beddawi 16,500
Burj el-Shamali 22,789
Dbayeh 4,351
Rashidieh 31,478
Former camps
Tel al-Zaatar ?
Nabatieh ?
Zarqa20,000
Jabal el-Hussein 29,000
Amman New (Wihdat) 51,500
Souf 20,000
Baqa'a 104,000
Husn (Martyr Azmi el-Mufti camp) 22,000
Irbid 25,000
Jerash 24,000
Marka 53,000
Talbieh 8,000
Al-Hassan ?
Madaba ?
Sokhna ?
References
  1. ^"Camp Profiles".unrwa.org. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. Retrieved2 July 2015.
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