Dharwad | |
|---|---|
.jpg) SDM College of Medical Sciences  Kumaraswamiji Tapovan  CSI Hebich Memorial Church | |
| Nicknames: Pedha Nagari, Hubli-Dharwad City, Dharanagari, Vidya Kashi, Sanskratika nagari, Education Hub of Karnataka, Oxford of Karnataka.[1] | |
 Interactive map of Dharwad | |
  Dharwad Location in Karnataka Show map of Karnataka Dharwad Dharwad (India) Show map of India Dharwad Dharwad (Asia) Show map of Asia | |
| Coordinates:15°27′30″N75°00′30″E / 15.45833°N 75.00833°E /15.45833; 75.00833 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Karnataka |
| District | Dharwad |
| Region | Bayaluseeme |
| Established | 1403 (623 years ago) (1403) |
| Founded by | Chalukya dynasty[2] |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Corporation |
| • Body |
|
| • Mayor | Jyothi Patil[3] |
| • MP | Pralhad Joshi |
| • MLA (Hubli Dharwad West) | Arvind Bellad |
| • MLA (Dharwad) | Vinay Kulkarni |
| • MLA (Hubli Dharwad East) | Abbayya Prasad |
| • MLA (Hubli-Dharwad Central) | Mahesh Tenginakai |
| Area | |
• City | 462 km2 (178 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 750.0 m (2,460.6 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Rank | India :49 Karnataka :2 |
| • Density | 434/km2 (1,120/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,137,000 |
| Demonym(s) | Dharwadians, Dharawadadavra. |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Kannada |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Pincode(s) | 580 xxx |
| Vehicle registration | KA-25, KA-63 |
| Planning agency | Hubballi-Dharwad Urban Development Authority |
| Airport | Hubli Airport(HBX) |
| Rapid Transit | Hubballi-Dharwad Bus Rapid Transit System |
| Website | www |
Dharwad (Kannada pronunciation:[d̪ʰäːɾɐʋäːɖɐ]ⓘ), also known asDharwar, is a city located in the northwestern part of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of theDharwad district ofKarnataka and forms a contiguous urban area with the city of Hubballi. It was merged withHubballi in 1962 to form the twin cities ofHubballi-Dharwad. It covers an area of 213 km2 (82 sq mi) and is located 430 km (270 mi) northwest ofBangalore, onNH-48, between Bangalore andPune.
In 2016, Hubli-Dharwad was selected for solar city / green city master plans.[4] In 2017, government of India includedHubli-Dharwad city for asmart city project, a flagship scheme for overall development of infrastructure in the twin-cities.[5]
The word "Dharwad" is derived from theSanskrit word 'dwarawata', 'dwara', meaning "door" and 'wata' or 'wada' meaning "town." It means a place of rest in a long travel or a small habitation. For centuries, Dharwad acted as a resting place for travelers and a gateway between theMalenadu (western mountains) and theBayalu Seeme (plains).[6]
TheChalukyas ruled Dharwad during the 12th century. A stone inscription[where?][when?] indicates that there was a ruler by the name of BhaskaraDeva in 1117. In the 14th century, the district was first overrun by theBahmani Sultanate, after which it was annexed to the newly establishedHindu kingdom ofVijayanagar, an official of which named "Dharav", according to local tradition, built the fort at Dharwad town in 1403. After the defeat of the king of Vijayanagar in theBattle of Talikota (1565), Dharwad was for a few years practically independent under its Hindu governor; but in 1573 the fort was captured by the sultan ofBijapur,Adil Shah, and Dharwad was annexed to his dominions. Adil Shah built a fort in an area later called Manna Killa, and later Nazratabad. With this fort, the strategic importance of Dharwad increased and it attracted the attention of subsequent conquerors, includingAurangzeb,Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Aurangzeb's sonBahadur Shah I,PeshwaBalaji Baji Rao,Hyder Ali,Tipu Sultan and finally theBritish colonizers.[2]
In 1685, the fort was taken by theMughal emperorAurangzeb, and Dharwad, on the break-up of the Mughal empire, fell under the sway of theMaratha Peshwa ofPune. In 1764, the province was overrun byHyder Ali of theMysore, who in 1778 captured the fort of Dharwad.[7] Thefort was retaken in 1791 by the Marathas. After the final defeat of the Peshwa by the British in 1818, Dharwar was incorporated into the territory of theBritish East India Company'sBombay Presidency. During the early 19th century, when the British were expanding their domains, they faced a lot of opposition from local rulers, includingBaba Saheb of Nargund andKittur Chennamma.[2]
Hubli-Dharwad has atropical wet and dry climate. Summers are relatively mild and dry, lasting from late February to early June. They are followed by the monsoon season, with moderate temperatures and a large amount of precipitation. Temperatures are fairly moderate from late October to early February, with virtually no rainfall. Dharwad is 750 meters abovesea level. The average yearly rainfall is 838 mm (33.0 in).[8]
| Climate data for Dharwad (1991-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.6 (92.5) | 37.4 (99.3) | 39.2 (102.6) | 40.1 (104.2) | 40.9 (105.6) | 38.4 (101.1) | 32.7 (90.9) | 32.4 (90.3) | 33.4 (92.1) | 34.0 (93.2) | 32.9 (91.2) | 32.9 (91.2) | 40.9 (105.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.8 (85.6) | 32.3 (90.1) | 35.0 (95.0) | 36.4 (97.5) | 35.4 (95.7) | 29.6 (85.3) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.0 (80.6) | 28.2 (82.8) | 29.8 (85.6) | 29.6 (85.3) | 28.9 (84.0) | 30.7 (87.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) | 16.1 (61.0) | 19.2 (66.6) | 21.0 (69.8) | 21.6 (70.9) | 21.2 (70.2) | 20.8 (69.4) | 20.4 (68.7) | 20.1 (68.2) | 19.1 (66.4) | 16.5 (61.7) | 14.2 (57.6) | 18.6 (65.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 8.5 (47.3) | 11.0 (51.8) | 11.5 (52.7) | 14.9 (58.8) | 17.7 (63.9) | 18.1 (64.6) | 19.0 (66.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 16.6 (61.9) | 12.5 (54.5) | 9.5 (49.1) | 9.0 (48.2) | 8.5 (47.3) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.4 (0.02) | 1.5 (0.06) | 22.5 (0.89) | 40.4 (1.59) | 95.3 (3.75) | 114.6 (4.51) | 158.5 (6.24) | 152.1 (5.99) | 132.1 (5.20) | 121.8 (4.80) | 34.8 (1.37) | 10.0 (0.39) | 883.9 (34.80) |
| Average rainy days | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 3.5 | 5.1 | 9.2 | 14.1 | 11.4 | 9.7 | 5.9 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 62.5 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%)(at 17:30IST) | 41 | 32 | 28 | 39 | 51 | 74 | 82 | 83 | 80 | 65 | 53 | 48 | 55 |
| Source:India Meteorological Department[9] | |||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 21,230 | — |
| 1911 | 29,591 | +39.4% |
| 1921 | 34,220 | +15.6% |
| 1931 | 40,904 | +19.5% |
| 1941 | 47,992 | +17.3% |
| 1951 | 66,571 | +38.7% |
| 1961 | 77,163 | +15.9% |
| 2001 | 252,375 | +227.1% |
| 2011 | 275,339 | +9.1% |
| Source:Census of India[10][11][12] | ||
The population of the twin cities as per provisional figures of Census 2011 is 943,857 and is urban.[13] Hubli-Dharwad's population increased 22.99% between 1981 and 1991, from 527,108 to 648,298, and by 21.2% between 1991 and 2001. The Hubli-Dharwad municipality covers 213 km2 (82 sq mi).
Dharwad has earned the reputation of being called as 'Cultural Capital of Karnataka'. Dharwad Region's Cultural Life blossomed with some of the finest Poets, Writers, and Thinkers at the beginning 20th century. Hindustani Classical Music is a genre that inspires a possessive devotion among people from the region.[14] Dharwad city is known for karnatic music, art, culture, musicians, poets, writers and cuisine.[15]
Dharwad has nurtured some of the best writers in Kannada, and has many iconic places that bear an association with the Language and State’s Culture. Karnataka Vidyavardhaka Sangha also played a crucial role in bringing literary enthusiasts together.
Places such asSadhankeri in front of Varakavi D R Bendre’s house is that serene location from which the poet drew inspiration to write his poems.
Dharwad has the reputation of earning 3 (out of 8)Jnanpith Awardees in Karnataka. Da Ra Bendre, V.K. Gokak, Girish Karnad.
D V Halbhavi established Halbhavi School of Art, Dharwad which has the distinction of being Karnataka’s first school of Arts in the year 1935. The school, which was founded under the aegis of the Dharwad Fine Art Society, has provided Art education to thousands of students during the last 76 years. The school also introduces students to complementary fields such as theatre, literature, and music. Kumareshwara Fine Arts College (1991) was founded by K.N. Neglurumatha at Haveri. V.R. Sutar started Gangambika Memorial Art School (1993) at Dharwad. Apart from this in 1966, Dandavathi Math in Dharwad opened an Arts School for mentally challenged children.
Recognizing the immense contribution of Dharwad towards the Music, Literature, and Arts field,Central Government has decided to set up Lalitha Kala Akademy Regional Centre in Dharwad. The Lalitha Kala Akademy will act as a catalyst for artists to get equal exposure as some of the bigger cities artists get and will make Art Field more vibrant inNorth Karnataka region.[17]
Jolada rotti is a very popular and very common diet in Dharwad city it is part of the staple diet of most of the districts of North Karnataka, where it is eaten with pulse curries such as jhunka, yengai, shenga chutney or other assorted chutnies. Jowar rotti is also called as jawarichi bhakri in neighbouring Maharastra.
Dharwad peda is a sweet delicacy prepared of milk and sugar which has been accorded Geographical Indication.[18]
Hubli-Dharwad Municipal Corporation (HDMC) was constituted in 1962 by combining the two cities separated by a distance of 20 kilometres. The area covered by the corporation is spread over 45 revenue villages and is the second-largest city corporation in Karnataka state. The population of the city as per the 1991 census was 700,000. The population of Hubli-Dharwad is 1,158,000 (2020).[19] Hubli Municipal Council was established under theGovernment of India Act 1850, and the Dharwad Municipal Council first came into existence on 1 January 1856. Both were merged later forming Hubli-Dharwad Municipal Corporation (HDMC)[20] The headquarters of HDMC is situated inHubballi, comprising 82 members covering four Vidhan Sabha Constituencies of Hubli-Dharwad. There has been a huge demand by the people of Dharwad to create a separate civic body and get itself detached by HDMC. Claims are that most of the funds are allocated to Hubli solely.[21]
On January 2, 2025 theKarnataka state cabinet declared the separation ofHubballi Dharwad municipal corporation, formation of new municipal corporation for the city of Dharwad.[22][23]
Hubballi-Dharwad BRTS (also known as HDBRTS) is a bus rapid transit system built to serve the twin cities of Hubli and Dharwad, located in the North-Western part of Karnataka state in India. Hubli-Dharwad BRTS (HDBRTS) project is a Government of Karnataka initiative to foster long-term economic growth in the region. The project promotes fast, safe, comfortable, convenient and affordable public transportation between the twin cities and aims to reduce congestion and air pollution in the region. But it has severely affected the private traffic, by restricting the lanes. Many don't approve the project, as BRTS system has failed in many cities across India, for example both in Pune and Delhi.
The length of the Hubli-Dharwad BRTS corridor is 22.25 km (13.83 mi) from CBT Hubli to CBT–Dharwad with the width of the cross-sections ranging from 44 to 35 m (144 to 115 ft). The BRTS corridor includes segregated bus lanes, access-controlled bus stations, physical and fare integration with BRT feeder services, off-board ticketing through smart cards and bar-coded paper tickets, an intelligent transport system and high-quality buses (Standard AC buses). The corridor is designed for operating regular and express services. It consists of two lanes for BRTS buses on either side of the median bus station facilitating overtaking lanes for express services. Foot overbridges at six locations, PELICAN signals, and synchronised signal management are proposed to facilitate the easy approach of passengers to bus stations.[24]
Hubli Airport (IATA:HBX,ICAO:VOHB) is the nearest airport that serves the twin cities ofHubli-Dharwad and North Karnataka in the state ofKarnataka, India. It is situated on Gokul Road, 8 kilometres from the city centre and 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Dharwad. It is the third busiest airport inKarnataka and the 45th busiest airport inIndia. In March 2020, Hubli Airport received the best airport award under the government of India's Regional connectivity scheme.[25] Hubli airport connects to 10 destinations throughout the country. Efforts are being made to makeHubli Airport as international Airport.[26][27]
Mangaluru Samachar was the first ever Kannada language newspaper distributed in Dharwad, along with region ofNorth Canara.[28]
In current times the newspapers includeVijaya Karnataka,Vijayavani,Kannada Prabha, Prajavani and Samyukta Karnataka, in Kannada;The Hindu,Times of India,Deccan Herald andThe Indian Express in English.
Cricket andfootball are the most popular sports in Dharwad and are often played on grounds and streets of the city.
Karnataka State Cricket Association (ASCA) has organised a few professional district-level and state-level cricket matches in Kittur Rani Chennamma cricket stadium, KCD and SDM cricket ground, Sattur.[29][30]
RN Shetty Stadium stadium has hosted a Ranji Trophy match in 1990 when Karnataka cricket team played against Hyderabad cricket team.[31]
Major kabaddi matches are usually held at theKarnatak college ground.[32]
Tennis has been a popular choice among millennials in the city. In 2003 and 2006 Dharwad hosted the International men's tennis tournamentATP Challenger Series.[33][34]
Hubli-Dharwad Municipal Corporation (HDMC) was constituted in 1962 by combining two cities separated by a distance of 20 kilometers.[35][36] The area covered by the corporation is 213 km2 (82 sq mi), spread over 45 revenue villages. The population of the city as per the 1991 census was 7 lakhs. The population of Hubli-Dharwad is 943,857 according to 2011 Census. There has been a huge demand by people of Dharwad to create a separate civic body and get itself detached by HDMC. Claims are that most of the funds are allocated to Hubli solely.[37]
Hubli is well known as a commercial as well as an industrial centre, whereas Dharwad is the seat of learning.[38] Popularly believed that, it is this diversity and geographical positions that the state government amalgamated the two cities.[11] The twin-city corporation occupies unique place in Karnataka State. After the capital city of Bangalore, this is the largest city Corporation in the State.[11]
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Dharwad hosts many Universities, Colleges and Autonomous Institutions, some are listed below.[39]
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