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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Kapidex, Dexilant, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a695020 |
| License data | |
| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Drug class | Proton-pump inhibitor |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Excretion | 50% renal and 47% in the feces[1] |
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| CAS Number | |
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| ChEMBL | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.215.667 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C16H14F3N3O2S |
| Molar mass | 369.36 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Dexlansoprazole, is a medication which reducesstomach acid.[2] It is used to treatgastroesophageal reflux disease.[2] Effectiveness is similar to otherproton pump inhibitors (PPIs).[3] It is taken by mouth.[2]
Common side effects include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea.[2] Serious side effects may includeosteoporosis,low blood magnesium,Clostridioides difficile infection,anaphylaxis, andpneumonia.[2] Use inpregnancy andbreastfeeding is of unclear safety.[4] It works by blockingH+/K+-ATPase in theparietal cells of the stomach.[2]
Dexlansoprazole was approved for medical use in the United States in 2009.[2] In Canada in 2016, it was the most expensiveProton-pump inhibitor (PPI) available.[3] In 2022, it was the 186th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[5][6]
Dexlansoprazole is used to heal and maintain healing oferosive esophagitis and to treatheartburn associated withgastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).[1] It lasts longer thanlansoprazole, to which it is chemically related, and needs to be taken less often.[7] There is no good evidence that it works better than other PPIs.[3]
The most significant adverse reactions (≥2%) reported in clinical trials were diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, nausea,upper respiratory tract infection,vomiting, andflatulence.[1]
Like lansoprazole, dexlansoprazole permanently binds to theproton pump and blocks it, preventing the formation ofgastric acid.[7]
Dexlansoprazole is the (R)-(+)-enantiomer oflansoprazole, which is aracemic mixture of its (R)-(+) and (S)-(−)-enantiomers.[7] The Takeda drug has a dual releasepharmaceutical formulation, with two types of granules of dexlansoprazole, each with a coating that dissolves at a differentpH level.[7]
Dexlansoprazole ((R)-(+)-lansoprazole) has the same binding affinity to the proton pump as the (S)-enantiomer, but is associated with a three- to five-fold greaterarea under the plasma drug concentration time curve (AUC) compared with (S)-lansoprazole.[7] With its dual releasepharmaceutical formulation, the first quick release produces a plasma peak concentration about one hour after application, with a second delayed release producing another peak about four hours later.[8][9]
Dexlansoprazole was approved in the United States in 2009, in Canada in 2010, and in Mexico in 2011.[7]
Since Kapidex was approved in 2009, there have been reports of dispensing errors because of confusion with the drugs Casodex (bicalutamide) and Kadian (morphine), which have very different uses from Kapidex and from each other. In 2010, the FDA approved a name change for Kapidex to avoid confusion with the two other medications and Takeda began marketing it under the new name Dexilant.[10]
