.jpg) West Grama, a typical Design 1013 ship, under way in 1919 | |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | EFT Design 1013 |
| Builders |
|
| Built | 1918–20 |
| In service | 1918–68 |
| In commission | 1918–46 |
| Completed | 111 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Cargo ship |
| Tonnage | 8,800dwt, 5,600grt |
| Displacement | 12,225 |
| Length | 423 ft 9 in (129.16 m) |
| Beam | 54 ft (16 m) |
| Draft | 24 ft 2 in (7.37 m) |
| Depth of hold | 29 ft 9 in (9.07 m) |
| Installed power | Curtis gearedturbine ortriple expansionsteam |
| Propulsion | Single screw propeller |
| Speed | 11–12knots |
| Complement |
|
TheDesign 1013 ship (full nameEmergency Fleet Corporation Design 1013), also known as theRobert Dollar type, was asteel-hulledcargo ship design approved for mass production by theUnited States Shipping Board'sEmergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) inWorld War I. Like many of the early designs approved by the EFT, the Design 1013 did not originate with the EFT itself but was based on an existing cargo ship design, in this case one developed by theSkinner & Eddy Corporation ofSeattle, Washington.
Some of the vessels were oil-fired and others coal-fired. They were produced by a variety of shipyards on thewest coast of the United States. Most of them were given names starting with the wordWest (or in some cases,Western), indicating their west coast origins.[1][2]
A total of 111 of the type were completed—106 for the EFT and an additional five completed later for private contractors. All of them entered service between 1918 and 1920, with the majority probably being completed in 1919. About 37 of the completed ships were acquired by theU.S. Navy either during or shortly after the war for service asauxiliaries, but most of these were quickly decommissioned in 1919 after only a few months' service.[1][2]
As per theLend-Lease Agreement, several ships were purchased by the USSR in 1942–1945, as the USSR needed ships for its merchant fleet duringWorld War II and in the first years after the war. In total, the Soviet Union purchased 25 ships of design 1013. All purchased ships of that design were counted asBelorussia-class cargo ships by the Soviet Union and sometimes referred to asWest-class cargo ships due to their manufacture on the West Coast of the US. All purchased ships were renamed.[3][4]