Dera Ghazi Khan is named after aDodai chieftainGhazi Khan, son of Haji Khan Mirani. It was founded at the end of 15th century whenBaloch tribes were invited to settle the region byShah Husein, the secondLangah Sultan of Multan. Rao Kelana, a powerfulBhati Rajput ruler ofPugal in the 15th century invaded Dera Ghazi Khan and defeated the Balochs.[6] Dera Ghazi Khan was part ofMultan province of theMughal Empire between the 16th and 18th centuries.[7]
Fifteen generations ofMiranis ruled the area till the 19th century. In the beginning of the 19th century, Zaman Khan was the ruler of Dera Ghazi Khan underKabul. ... The area remained under the rule of the Mirani chiefs for several generations.
In the mid-18th century,Mahmud Khan Gujjar (also spelledMuhmud orMehmood) served as the de facto ruler of Dera Ghazi Khan from around 1738 to 1772. Punjab Government gazetteers credit him with founding the settlement of Mahmud Kot and initiating canal works in the region.[8][9][10]
The city was taken by the Sikh army of Ranjit Singh in 1819.The area was invaded by theSikh Army from Multan under the command ofKhushal Singh, general ofRanjit Singh in 1819 and thus Dera Ghazi Khan came under the Sikh rule.[11]
Dera Ghazi Khan is located at 30'03" N and 70'38" E. The overall climate of the city is semi arid. The winter is mild and dry, but it is very hot and rainy in summer. The average high during summer is about 107 °F (42 °C), while during winter the average low is 40 °F (4 °C). The prevailing wind direction is north–south. Due to the barren mountains ofKoh-Suleman and the sandy soil of the area, windstorms are common in the summer. During summer, the temperatures are generally amongst the highest in Pakistan.Fort Munro, located on the edge of Punjab province, has relatively cooler weather. In winter, scattered snowfall has been reported in high elevated areas of Koh e Sulaiman.
Ghazi University is a university in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. The university was established in 2012 on the initiative of the Chief Minister of the Punjab Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif. It is named after Baloch mercenary Ghazi Khan. The university is situated in the center of city near pull daat and college chock. Since its inception, GU has been operated only on additional charge basis. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Tufail (TI) assumed the charge as a permanent Vice Chancellor (VC), on Sept. 18, 2018. Major infrastructure and development process started in the university in 2018.
Mir Chaker Khan Rind University of Technology MCUT is public sector Engineering University providing Engineering education in various discipline of Technology. It is necessary in public interest to make provisions for the establishment of Mir Chakar Khan Rind University of Technology in Dera Ghazi Khan to promote research and development for purposes of producing high quality technical human resource to cope with the present day requirements.
College of Agriculture, DG Khan Sub-Campus University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. (CADGK)[15]
Indus International Institute: It is affiliated withNational College of Business Administration and Economics has been established by private sector.[16] For the needs of remote area students, the institute has its own buses to facilitate the transport availability for the students. Indus institute has a library and Computer Lab as well.
University of Education, Dera Ghazi Khan campus
The College of Education: It was established in 1989 under the affiliation ofBahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. The college became a constituent institution of theUniversity of Education in 2002 and is in its new building adjacent to the Shah Faisal (Bihari) Colony. The campus has a hostel for boys and onel for girls. The campus offers teacher education programs like BEd Secondary, MEd, M.A. Education and B.A. BEd's several private sector colleges also exist in this city.
Ghazi Khan Medical College: The government decided to establish a medical college in Dera Ghazi Khan to improve the facilities in southern part of the province.[17] Ghazi Khan Medical College classes were started in 2010 in Q.M.C Bahawapur. The foundation stone for Ghazi University and Dera Ghazi Khan Medical College was laid in December 2011.[18] Classes shifted from Q.M.C Bahawalpur to Ghazi Khan Medical College in March 2012. Niaz Ahmed Baloch was appointed as a first principal of the Medical College.
The Medical and Dental College has been developed as a state-of-the-art medical institution imparting accredited and approved medical education and research. The D.H. Hospital and Research Institute, which will be a research-oriented teaching hospital, will fulfill the requirement of training and research of medical students. The curriculum of the Medical and Dental College will be in line with the PM&DC regulations and international health standards.
Technology and specialization
UAF College of Agriculture, Dera Ghazi Khan: It is a constituent college of the University of Agriculture Faisalabad located near the airport imparts training in the degree of BSc (Hons.) Agriculture. The college consists of teaching sections of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Horticulture, Agronomy, Soil and Forestry Range Management and Wildlife, Agricultural Entomology, Plant Pathology, Animal Production and Health, Agricultural Engineering and Technology, and Social Sciences and Rural Development. It aims to develop as a university.
The government has established a state-of-the-artGhazi University in Dera Ghazi Khan since 2011 near airport. For this purpose 1000 acres of land has been acquired for the next 50 years requirement of the university. The foundation stone for Ghazi University and Ghazi Medical College was laid in December 2011.[19] The Govt. Postgraduate College, FAU Agriculture College and Ghazi Medical College will work under this university. Vice Chancellor of Islamia University Bahawalpur Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed has given additional charge of Ghazi University v.c since 11.06.2014. TheVirtual University of Pakistan has established its campus here since 2004 which is providing both campus based and distance learning education primarily based on IT tools and technology. Another prominent educational organisation is theAllama Iqbal Open University campus. The government has approved Akhuwat University of Engineering and Technology in Dera Ghazi Khan since 2012.[1].[20] Mir chakar khan rind university of technology.
Based on the surveys of 2004–2005, Dera Ghazi Khan district is considered one of the twenty poorest districts of Pakistan with about 51% of its population living below the poverty line.[21]
According to the2023 Census of Pakistan,Dera Ghazi Khan City is overwhelminglySaraiki-speaking, withSaraiki spoken by81.19% of the population.Urdu forms the largest minority language at12.40%,Balochi speakers account for4.65%, whilePunjabi makes up1.04% of the population and an additional0.72% of the population consists of otherlanguages of Pakistan (mostlyPashto andKashmiri).[c][26]
SanghMela, is aVaisakhi fair during March and April, and has been celebrated inSakhi Sarwar by people coming fromJhang andFaisalabad for centuries. This festival is celebrated by Hindus and Muslims, especially at the time of wheat harvesting. In some places it is known asBasant. Throughout history, a large number of followers coming from different religions became the followers of Sakhi Sarwar.Max Arthur Macauliffe, a colonial office appointed in Punjab, observed in 1875 that not only Muslims but Hindus also visited the shrines during theurs. In the 1911 census of India, 79,085 Sikhs reported to be followers of Sakhi Sarwar.[27]
Sohan Halwa is a traditional sweet made by boiling a mixture of water, sugar, milk and wheatflour (coarse pieces)/cornflour until it becomes solid.[28]
Daily Jang is published from Dera Ghazi Khan[29] along with many local newspapers in Urdu, Saraiki and Balochi languages. TheDaily Kasak is also published in the city.
"How Pakistan Made Nuclear Fuel" by Munir Ahmad Khan, former chairperson of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission: Islamabad The Nation 7 February 1998, page 7 [Pakistan: Article on How Pakistan Made Nuclear Fuel: FBIS-NES-98-042 : 11 February 1998].
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