Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Nasal dental click

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromDental nasal click)
Consonantal sound
Nasal dental velar click
ŋǀ ŋʇ
ᵑǀ ᵑʇ
ǀ̃ ʇ̃
Nasal dental uvular click
ɴǀ ɴʇ
ᶰǀ ᶰʇ
Main articles:Dental click andnasal click

Adental nasal click is aclick consonant found primarily among the languages of southern Africa.[1] The symbol in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet for a nasal dental click with avelar rear articulation is ⟨ŋ͡ǀ⟩ or ⟨ŋ͜ǀ⟩, commonly abbreviated to ⟨ŋǀ⟩, ⟨ᵑǀ⟩ or ⟨ǀ̃⟩; a symbol abandoned by the IPA but still preferred by some linguists is ⟨ŋ͡ʇ⟩ or ⟨ŋ͜ʇ⟩, abbreviated ⟨ŋʇ⟩, ⟨ᵑʇ⟩ or ⟨ʇ̃⟩. For a click with auvular rear articulation, the equivalents are ⟨ɴ͡ǀ,ɴ͜ǀ,ɴǀ,ᶰǀ⟩ and ⟨ɴ͡ʇ,ɴ͜ʇ,ɴʇ,ᶰʇ⟩.Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. ⟨ǀŋ⟩ or ⟨ǀᵑ⟩; this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.[2]

Features

[edit]

Features of a dental nasal click:

  • Theairstream mechanism islingual ingressive (also known as velaric ingressive), which means a pocket of air trapped between two closures is rarefied by a "sucking" action of the tongue, rather than being moved by theglottis or thelungs/diaphragm. The release of the forward closure produces the "click" sound. Voiced and nasal clicks have a simultaneouspulmonic egressive airstream.
  • Itsplace of articulation isdental, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the upperteeth, termed respectivelyapical andlaminal. Note that most stops and liquids described as dental are actuallydenti-alveolar.
  • Itsphonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
  • It is anasal consonant, which means air is exclusively allowed to escape through the nose for nasal stops; otherwise, in addition to through the mouth.
  • It is acentral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.

Occurrence

[edit]

Dental nasal clicks are found primarily in the variousKhoisan language families of southern Africa and in some neighboringBantu languages, such asYeyi andFwe.[3][4] They also appear in the Australian ritual languageDamin.

LanguageWordIPAMeaning
Daminnh!2u[ᵑǀ\ᵑǀu]=[ᵑʇ\ᵑʇu]'dog'
Hadzaminca[miᵑǀa]=[miᵑʇa]'to smack one's lips'
Khoekhoeǀnam[ᵑǀȁm̀] =[ᵑʇȁm̀]'to love'
Zuluincwancwa[iᵑǀwáːᵑǀwa]=[iᵑʇwáːᵑʇwa]'sour corn meal'

Glottalized dental nasal click

[edit]
Glottalized
dental nasal velar click
ǀ̃ʔ
ᵑǀʔ
ᵑ̊ǀˀ
ʇ̃ˀ
ᵑʇˀ
ᵑ̊ʇˀ
Main article:Glottalized click

AllKhoisan languages, and a few Bantu languages, have glottalized nasal clicks. These are formed by closing theglottis so that the click is pronounced in silence; however, any preceding vowel will be nasalized.

LanguageWordIPAMeaning
Hadzatacce[taᵑǀˀe]=[taᵑʇˀe]'rope'
Khoekhoeǀoroǀoro[ᵑǀˀòɾőᵑǀˀòɾȍ] =[ᵑʇˀòɾőᵑʇˀòɾȍ]'to wear s.t. out'
NaroXgaoc’õ[ᵏǁχao̯ᵑǀˀõ] =[ᵏʖχao̯ᵑʇˀõ](personal name)
Xhosaumchankcatho[umᵏǀʰaᵑǀˀatʰo] =[umᵏʇʰaᵑʇˀatʰo]'a bridge'

References

[edit]
  1. ^NetCommons (2017-03-24)."VOT and F0 in Zulu Dental Clicks and Alveolar Plosives" (in Japanese).{{cite journal}}:Cite journal requires|journal= (help)
  2. ^Afrika und Übersee. D. Reimer. 2005. pp. 93–94.
  3. ^Gunnink, Hilde (2020-09-10)."Click Loss and Click Insertion in Fwe".Click Consonants:156–178.doi:10.1163/9789004424357_005.ISBN 978-90-04-42435-7.
  4. ^Fulop, Sean A.; Ladefoged, Peter; Liu, Fang; Vossen, Rainer (2003-12-01)."Yeyi Clicks: Acoustic Description and Analysis".Phonetica.60 (4):231–260.doi:10.1159/000076375.ISSN 1423-0321.PMID 15004493.
IPA topics
IPA
Special topics
Encodings
Pulmonic consonants
PlaceLabialCoronalDorsalLaryngeal
MannerBi­labialLabio­dentalLinguo­labialDentalAlveolarPost­alveolarRetro­flexPalatalVelarUvularPharyn­geal/epi­glottalGlottal
Nasalmɱ̊ɱn̪̊nn̠̊ɳ̊ɳɲ̊ɲŋ̊ŋɴ̥ɴ
Plosivepbtdʈɖcɟkɡqɢʡʔ
Sibilantaffricatet̪s̪d̪z̪tsdzt̠ʃd̠ʒ
Non-sibilant affricatep̪fb̪vt̪θd̪ðtɹ̝̊dɹ̝t̠ɹ̠̊˔d̠ɹ̠˔ɟʝkxɡɣɢʁʡʜʡʢʔh
Sibilantfricativeszʃʒʂʐɕʑ
Non-sibilant fricativeɸβfvθ̼ð̼θðθ̠ð̠ɹ̠̊˔ɹ̠˔ɻ̊˔ɻ˔çʝxɣχʁħʕhɦ
Approximantβ̞ʋð̞ɹɹ̠ɻjɰ˷
Tap/flapⱱ̟ɾ̼ɾ̥ɾɽ̊ɽɢ̆ʡ̮
Trillʙ̥ʙrɽ̊r̥ɽrʀ̥ʀʜʢ
Lateral affricatetꞎd𝼅c𝼆ɟʎ̝k𝼄ɡʟ̝
Lateral fricativeɬ̪ɬɮ𝼅𝼆ʎ̝𝼄ʟ̝
Lateral approximantlɭ̊ɭʎ̥ʎʟ̥ʟʟ̠
Lateral tap/flapɺ̥ɺ𝼈̊𝼈ʎ̮ʟ̆

Symbols to the right in a cell arevoiced, to the left arevoiceless.Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Other
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nasal_dental_click&oldid=1313966062"
Categories:
Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp