
This is ademography of thepopulation ofthe Bahamas includingpopulation density,ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1845 | 26,491 | — |
| 1851 | 27,519 | +0.64% |
| 1861 | 35,487 | +2.58% |
| 1871 | 39,162 | +0.99% |
| 1881 | 43,521 | +1.06% |
| 1891 | 47,565 | +0.89% |
| 1901 | 53,735 | +1.23% |
| 1911 | 55,944 | +0.40% |
| 1921 | 53,031 | −0.53% |
| 1931 | 59,828 | +1.21% |
| 1943 | 68,846 | +1.18% |
| 1953 | 84,841 | +2.11% |
| 1963 | 130,220 | +4.38% |
| 1970 | 168,812 | +3.78% |
| 1980 | 209,505 | +2.18% |
| 1990 | 255,049 | +1.99% |
| 2000 | 303,611 | +1.76% |
| 2010 | 351,461 | +1.47% |
| 2022 | 399,314 | +1.07% |
| Source:[1] | ||
Ninety percent of the Bahamian population identifies as being primarily ofAfrican ancestry. About two-thirds of the population lives onNew Providence Island (the location ofNassau), and about half of the remaining one-third lives onGrand Bahama (the location of Freeport).
The islands were sparsely settled and a haven for pirates until the late 18th century, when thousands of British Loyalists were given compensatory land grants following the American Revolution. Many new settlers were from the Southern United States and brought slaves with them to cultivate plantations. At the turn of the 20th century, the total population was 53,000.
School attendance is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16. There are 158 public schools and 52 private schools in the Bahamas catering to more than 66,000 students. TheCollege of the Bahamas, established in Nassau in 1974, provides programmes leading toassociate's degrees andbachelor's degrees; the college is now converting from atwo-year to a four-year institution.

| Age group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 179 850 | 188 540 | 368 390 | 100 |
| 0-4 | 16 670 | 15 660 | 32 330 | 8.78 |
| 5-9 | 16 400 | 15 090 | 31 490 | 8.55 |
| 10-14 | 14 990 | 14 730 | 29 720 | 8.07 |
| 15-19 | 15 170 | 15 320 | 30 490 | 8.28 |
| 20-24 | 14 780 | 15 250 | 30 030 | 8.15 |
| 25-29 | 13 090 | 13 780 | 26 870 | 7.29 |
| 30-34 | 12 780 | 13 000 | 25 780 | 7.00 |
| 35-39 | 13 100 | 13 720 | 26 820 | 7.28 |
| 40-44 | 13 480 | 14 480 | 27 960 | 7.59 |
| 45-49 | 12 890 | 13 860 | 26 750 | 7.26 |
| 50-54 | 11 760 | 12 570 | 24 330 | 6.60 |
| 55-59 | 8 670 | 9 570 | 18 240 | 4.95 |
| 60-64 | 6 030 | 6 830 | 12 860 | 3.49 |
| 65-69 | 4 260 | 5 080 | 9 340 | 2.54 |
| 70-74 | 3 030 | 3 860 | 6 890 | 1.87 |
| 75-79 | 1 800 | 2 480 | 4 280 | 1.16 |
| 80-84 | 586 | 1 747 | 2 333 | 0.63 |
| 85-89 | 243 | 873 | 1 116 | 0.30 |
| 90+ | 121 | 640 | 761 | 0.21 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0-14 | 48 060 | 45 480 | 93 540 | 25.39 |
| 15-64 | 121 750 | 128 380 | 250 130 | 67.90 |
| 65+ | 10 040 | 14 680 | 24 720 | 6.71 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 186 480 | 198 860 | 385 340 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 14 910 | 14 150 | 29 060 | 7.54 |
| 5–9 | 14 290 | 14 070 | 28 360 | 7.36 |
| 10–14 | 15 800 | 16 100 | 31 900 | 8.28 |
| 15–19 | 15 860 | 16 230 | 32 090 | 8.33 |
| 20–24 | 15 760 | 15 890 | 31 650 | 8.21 |
| 25–29 | 15 040 | 14 980 | 30 020 | 7.79 |
| 30–34 | 12 960 | 13 530 | 26 490 | 6.87 |
| 35–39 | 12 980 | 14 410 | 27 390 | 7.11 |
| 40–44 | 13 490 | 14 670 | 28 160 | 7.31 |
| 45–49 | 13 630 | 15 020 | 28 650 | 7.43 |
| 50–54 | 11 970 | 13 170 | 25 140 | 6.52 |
| 55–59 | 10 670 | 12 000 | 22 670 | 5.88 |
| 60–64 | 7 370 | 8 900 | 16 270 | 4.22 |
| 65-69 | 4 870 | 5 950 | 10 820 | 2.81 |
| 70-74 | 3 200 | 4 090 | 7 290 | 1.89 |
| 75-79 | 2 020 | 2 890 | 4 910 | 1.27 |
| 80+ | 1 660 | 2 810 | 4 470 | 1.16 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 45 000 | 44 320 | 89 320 | 23.20 |
| 15–64 | 129 730 | 138 800 | 268 530 | 69.69 |
| 65+ | 11 750 | 15 740 | 27 490 | 7.13 |
| Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate[6] | Infant mortality rate[7] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1935 | 64,000 | 2,000 | 1,121 | 879 | 31.3 | 17.5 | 13.7 | ||
| 1936 | 66,000 | 1,902 | 1,056 | 846 | 28.8 | 16.0 | 12.8 | ||
| 1937 | 67,000 | 2,084 | 914 | 1,170 | 31.1 | 13.6 | 17.5 | ||
| 1938 | 67,000 | 2,020 | 1,096 | 924 | 30.1 | 16.4 | 13.8 | ||
| 1939 | 68,000 | 2,040 | 1,066 | 974 | 30.0 | 15.7 | 14.3 | ||
| 1940 | 70,000 | 2,185 | 1,052 | 1,133 | 31.2 | 15.0 | 16.2 | ||
| 1941 | 71,000 | 2,312 | 920 | 1,392 | 32.6 | 13.0 | 19.6 | ||
| 1942 | 72,000 | 2,409 | 1,011 | 1,398 | 33.5 | 14.0 | 19.4 | ||
| 1943 | 70,000 | 2,502 | 1,043 | 1,459 | 35.7 | 14.9 | 20.8 | ||
| 1944 | 69,000 | 2,485 | 1,103 | 1,382 | 36.0 | 16.0 | 20.0 | ||
| 1945 | 71,000 | 2,174 | 1,326 | 848 | 30.6 | 18.7 | 11.9 | ||
| 1946 | 73,000 | 2,208 | 1,002 | 1,206 | 30.2 | 13.7 | 16.5 | ||
| 1947 | 74,000 | 2,415 | 987 | 1,428 | 32.6 | 13.3 | 19.3 | ||
| 1948 | 76,000 | 2,539 | 1,029 | 1,510 | 33.4 | 13.5 | 19.9 | ||
| 1949 | 77,000 | 2,646 | 1,052 | 1,594 | 34.4 | 13.7 | 20.7 | ||
| 1950 | 79,000 | 2,532 | 1,143 | 1,389 | 32.1 | 14.5 | 17.6 | ||
| 1951 | 80,000 | 2,739 | 963 | 1,776 | 34.2 | 12.0 | 22.2 | ||
| 1952 | 81,000 | 2,714 | 959 | 1,755 | 33.5 | 11.8 | 21.7 | ||
| 1953 | 83,000 | 3,056 | 903 | 2,153 | 36.8 | 10.9 | 25.9 | ||
| 1954 | 86,000 | 3,410 | 844 | 2,566 | 39.7 | 9.8 | 29.8 | ||
| 1955 | 89,000 | 2,844 | 857 | 1,987 | 32.0 | 9.6 | 22.3 | ||
| 1956 | 92,000 | 3,290 | 849 | 2,441 | 35.8 | 9.2 | 26.5 | ||
| 1957 | 96,000 | 3,126 | 764 | 2,362 | 32.6 | 8.0 | 24.6 | ||
| 1958 | 100,000 | 3,029 | 1,095 | 1,934 | 30.3 | 11.0 | 19.3 | ||
| 1959 | 104,000 | 3,154 | 1,000 | 2,154 | 30.3 | 9.6 | 20.7 | ||
| 1960 | 110,000 | 3,359 | 805 | 2,554 | 30.5 | 7.3 | 23.2 | ||
| 1961 | 115,000 | 3,734 | 1,024 | 2,710 | 32.5 | 8.9 | 23.6 | ||
| 1962 | 121,000 | 3,468 | 821 | 2,647 | 28.7 | 6.8 | 21.9 | ||
| 1963 | 127,000 | 4,584 | 1,030 | 3,554 | 35.8 | 8.0 | 27.8 | ||
| 1964 | 134,000 | 4,805 | 987 | 3,818 | 35.9 | 7.4 | 28.5 | ||
| 1965 | 140,000 | 4,439 | 1,098 | 3,341 | 31.7 | 7.8 | 23.9 | ||
| 1966 | 146,000 | 4,573 | 1,067 | 3,506 | 31.1 | 7.3 | 23.9 | ||
| 1967 | 153,000 | 4,275 | 1,212 | 3,063 | 27.9 | 7.9 | 20.0 | ||
| 1968 | 159,000 | 4,220 | 1,023 | 3,197 | 26.5 | 6.4 | 20.1 | ||
| 1969 | 164,000 | 4,306 | 1,097 | 3,209 | 26.1 | 6.6 | 19.4 | ||
| 1970 | 169,000 | 4,262 | 1,054 | 3,208 | 25.1 | 6.2 | 18.9 | ||
| 1971 | 174,000 | 5,334 | 948 | 4,386 | 30.7 | 5.4 | 25.2 | ||
| 1972 | 178,000 | 4,745 | 1,115 | 3,630 | 26.7 | 6.3 | 20.4 | ||
| 1973 | 181,000 | 4,419 | 1,109 | 3,310 | 24.3 | 6.1 | 18.2 | ||
| 1974 | 185,000 | 4,382 | 1,032 | 3,350 | 23.7 | 5.6 | 18.1 | ||
| 1975 | 189,000 | 4,033 | 1,106 | 2,927 | 21.3 | 5.9 | 15.5 | ||
| 1976 | 193,000 | 5,295 | 976 | 4,319 | 27.4 | 5.1 | 22.4 | ||
| 1977 | 197,000 | 4,871 | 1,067 | 3,804 | 24.7 | 5.4 | 19.3 | ||
| 1978 | 202,000 | 4,362 | 1,077 | 3,285 | 21.7 | 5.4 | 16.3 | ||
| 1979 | 206,000 | 4,809 | 1,211 | 3,598 | 23.3 | 5.9 | 17.5 | ||
| 1980 | 211,000 | 5,035 | 1,338 | 3,697 | 24.0 | 6.4 | 17.6 | ||
| 1981 | 215,000 | 5,251 | 1,127 | 4,124 | 24.4 | 5.2 | 19.2 | ||
| 1982 | 220,000 | 5,293 | 1,185 | 4,108 | 24.2 | 5.4 | 18.8 | ||
| 1983 | 225,000 | 5,280 | 1,104 | 4,176 | 23.6 | 4.9 | 18.6 | ||
| 1984 | 230,000 | 5,177 | 1,150 | 4,027 | 22.6 | 5.0 | 17.6 | ||
| 1985 | 235,000 | 5,584 | 1,341 | 4,243 | 24.0 | 5.8 | 18.2 | ||
| 1986 | 239,000 | 4,770 | 1,407 | 3,363 | 20.0 | 5.9 | 14.1 | ||
| 1987 | 243,000 | 4,331 | 1,376 | 2,955 | 17.9 | 5.7 | 12.2 | ||
| 1988 | 248,000 | 4,943 | 1,319 | 3,624 | 20.1 | 5.4 | 14.7 | ||
| 1989 | 252,000 | 4,971 | 1,459 | 3,512 | 19.9 | 5.8 | 14.0 | ||
| 1990 | 256,000 | 6,117 | 1,343 | 4,774 | 23.9 | 5.2 | 18.6 | ||
| 1991 | 261,000 | 6,192 | 1,335 | 4,857 | 23.7 | 5.1 | 18.6 | ||
| 1992 | 266,000 | 6,759 | 1,462 | 5,297 | 25.4 | 5.5 | 19.9 | ||
| 1993 | 271,000 | 6,674 | 1,493 | 5,181 | 24.6 | 5.5 | 19.1 | ||
| 1994 | 276,000 | 6,104 | 1,538 | 4,566 | 22.1 | 5.6 | 16.6 | ||
| 1995 | 280,000 | 6,253 | 1,638 | 4,615 | 22.3 | 5.8 | 16.5 | 19.0 | |
| 1996 | 284,000 | 5,913 | 1,537 | 4,376 | 20.8 | 5.4 | 15.4 | 18.4 | |
| 1997 | 287,000 | 6,022 | 1,670 | 4,352 | 21.0 | 5.8 | 15.2 | 16.4 | |
| 1998 | 290,000 | 5,880 | 1,800 | 4,080 | 20.3 | 6.2 | 14.1 | 14.0 | |
| 1999 | 293,000 | 5,367 | 1,644 | 3,723 | 18.3 | 5.6 | 12.7 | 15.8 | |
| 2000 | 298,000 | 5,287 | 1,825 | 3,462 | 17.8 | 6.1 | 11.6 | 14.8 | |
| 2001 | 303,000 | 5,353 | 1,609 | 3,744 | 17.7 | 5.3 | 12.4 | 12.7 | |
| 2002 | 309,000 | 5,216 | 1,827 | 3,389 | 16.9 | 5.9 | 11.0 | 16.7 | |
| 2003 | 316,000 | 5,054 | 1,730 | 3,324 | 16.0 | 5.5 | 10.5 | 17.2 | |
| 2004 | 322,000 | 5,154 | 1,655 | 3,499 | 16.1 | 5.1 | 11.0 | 17.3 | |
| 2005 | 328,320 | 5,548 | 1,824 | 3,724 | 17.1 | 5.6 | 11.5 | 2.05 | 19.6 |
| 2006 | 333,060 | 5,296 | 1,730 | 3,566 | 16.0 | 5.2 | 10.8 | 1.93 | 18.1 |
| 2007 | 337,920 | 5,854 | 1,798 | 4,056 | 17.5 | 5.4 | 12.1 | 2.14 | 17.6 |
| 2008 | 342,830 | 5,480 | 1,863 | 3,617 | 16.2 | 5.5 | 10.7 | 2.00 | 17.9 |
| 2009 | 347,780 | 5,348 | 1,981 | 3,367 | 15.6 | 5.7 | 9.9 | 2.03 | 21.1 |
| 2010 | 351,461 | 5,049 | 2,023 | 3,026 | 14.4 | 5.8 | 8.6 | 1.94 | 19.8 |
| 2011 | 357,750 | 5,000 | 2,127 | 2,873 | 14.0 | 5.9 | 8.1 | 1.69 | 16.2 |
| 2012 | 362,590 | 4,345 | 1,937 | 2,408 | 12.0 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 1.76 | 19.1 |
| 2013 | 367,430 | 3,935 | 2,062 | 1,873 | 10.7 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 1.73 | 22.7 |
| 2014 | 372,380 | 4,155 | 2,132 | 2,023 | 11.3 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 1.69 | 19.4 |
| 2015 | 373,630 | 4,253 | 2,243 | 2,010 | 11.5 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 1.57 | 20.6 |
| 2016 | 378,040 | 4,093 | 2,288 | 1,805 | 11.0 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 1.50 | 16.0 |
| 2017 | 382,460 | 4,017 | 2,372 | 1,645 | 10.7 | 6.3 | 4.4 | 1.42 | |
| 2018 | 386,870 | 4,286[8] | 2,491 | 11.2[8] | 6.4 | ||||
| 2019 | 391,260 | 4,221[8] | 2,639 | 11.0[8] | 6.7 | ||||
| 2020 | 395,640 | 4,316[8] | 3,016 | 11.1[8] | 7.6 | ||||
| 2021 | 400,000 | 3,618[8] | 3,649 | 9.2[8] | 9.1 | ||||
| 2022 | 3,300[8] | 8.3[8] |
male: 73.2 yearsfemale: 79.14 years (2022 est.)
| Period | Life expectancy in Years | Period | Life expectancy in Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950–1955 | 60.0 | 1985–1990 | 70.2 |
| 1955–1960 | 62.0 | 1990–1995 | 71.1 |
| 1960–1965 | 63.7 | 1995–2000 | 71.7 |
| 1965–1970 | 65.2 | 2000–2005 | 73.2 |
| 1970–1975 | 66.6 | 2005–2010 | 74.3 |
| 1975–1980 | 67.9 | 2010–2015 | 75.1 |
| 1980–1985 | 69.1 |
Source:UN World Population Prospects[9]
African descent 90.6%, White 4.7%, mixed 2.1%, other 1.9%, unspecified 0.7% (2010 est.)note: data represents population by racial group
English is the official language of the Bahamas and is the primary language of government, education and public life.[10] In everyday speech, however, many Bahamians use a range of local varieties often referred to locally as “Bahamian dialect”, which linguists describe as involving bothBahamian English and an English-lexifier creole,Bahamian Creole (BahC), existing along a continuum rather than as fully separate “either/or” codes.[11] One overview estimate places the number of speakers ofBahamian Creole at around 250,000.[12]
In historical perspective, Bahamian English have been shaped both by long-standing ties toBritish English through colonization and by unusually close links with theUnited States. American influence (via mass media, tourism, education, and mobility) has been repeatedly noted in educated usage, while Bahamian Creole shows particularly strong North American connections (including links to creole varieties of the coastal American South and migration-era transmission).[11]
Language diversity in the modern Bahamas is also affected by immigration.Haitian migration since the 1960s has broughtHaitian Creole and French into wider use, and Haitian Creole is widely spoken within Haitian communities in the Bahamas.[11] A 2005 migration study prepared for theInternational Organization for Migration by The College of The Bahamas documented extensive use of "Creole" in fieldwork with Haitian migrants (including Creole-language interview instruments and high reported Creole speaking ability among respondents).[13]
In the 2010 census, the three principal religious denominations wereBaptist,Anglican andRoman Catholic.[14] In the 2022 census, the Bahamas National Statistical Institute (BNSI) reported a shift: the three largest groups wereBaptist,Anglican andnon-denominational (tabulated in the census tables withinOther Christian Denomination (including non-denominational groups)), withRoman Catholic ranking fourth among the major denominations.[15]
| Denomination / affiliation | 2010 census (number) | 2010 (%) | 2022 census (number)[16] | 2022 (%) | Change (pp)[17] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baptist | 122,500 | 34.9 | 135,875 | 34.1 | -0.7 |
| Anglican | 48,006 | 13.7 | 47,456 | 11.9 | -1.7 |
| OtherChristian denominations (includingnon-denominational groups) | 41,214 | 11.7 | 35,296 | 8.9 | -2.9 |
| Roman Catholic | 42,287 | 12.0 | 34,749 | 8.7 | -3.3 |
| Pentecostal | 31,358 | 8.9 | 31,971 | 8.0 | -0.9 |
| Seventh-day Adventist | 15,441 | 4.4 | 17,502 | 4.4 | 0.0 |
| Church of God (includingChurch of God of Prophecy) | 6,732 | 1.9 | 19,663 | 4.9 | +3.0 |
| Methodist | 12,512 | 3.6 | 10,996 | 2.8 | -0.8 |
| Brethren | 5,781 | 1.6 | 5,823 | 1.5 | -0.2 |
| Jehovah's Witnesses | 3,762 | 1.1 | 4,225 | 1.1 | 0.0 |
| Assemblies of God | 2,397 | 0.7 | 3,722 | 0.9 | +0.3 |
| African Methodist Episcopal Church | — | — | 1,043 | 0.3 | — |
| Presbyterian | 728 | 0.2 | 916 | 0.2 | 0.0 |
| Lutheran | 376 | 0.1 | 501 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Greek Orthodox | 447 | 0.1 | 356 | <0.1 | 0.0 |
| Latter-day Saints | 301 | <0.1 | 182 | <0.1 | 0.0 |
| Rastafarian | 790 | 0.2 | 1,139 | 0.3 | +0.1 |
| Islam (Muslim) | 306 | <0.1 | 336 | <0.1 | 0.0 |
| Hindu | 428 | 0.1 | 296 | <0.1 | 0.0 |
| Judaism (Jewish) | 191 | <0.1 | 190 | <0.1 | 0.0 |
| Baháʼí Faith | 65 | <0.1 | 70 | <0.1 | 0.0 |
| Other non-Christian religions | 228 | <0.1 | 1,813 | 0.5 | +0.4 |
| None | 6,561 | 1.9 | 24,677 | 6.2 | +4.3 |
| Atheist | — | — | 293 | <0.1 | — |
| Not stated | 9,050 | 2.6 | 19,075 | 4.8 | +2.2 |