| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 7,679,645 | — |
| 1911 | 6,830,507 | −11.1% |
| 1921 | 7,262,881 | +6.3% |
| 1931 | 8,123,076 | +11.8% |
| 1941 | 9,757,161 | +20.1% |
| 1951 | 9,160,500 | −6.1% |
| 1961 | 11,135,069 | +21.6% |
| 1971 | 13,551,060 | +21.7% |
| 1981 | 16,788,915 | +23.9% |
| 1991 | 20,281,969 | +20.8% |
| 2001 | 24,358,999 | +20.1% |
| 2011 | 27,743,338 | +13.9% |
| source:Census of India[a][b][c][d][e][1][2] | ||
Punjab is home to 2.3% of India's population; with a density of 551 persons per km2. According to the provisional results of the2011 national census, Punjab has a population of 27,743,338, making it the16th most populated state in India. Of which male and female are 14,639,465 and 13,103,873 respectively. 32% of Punjab's population consists ofDalits. In the state, the rate of population growth is 13.9% (2011), lower than national average. Out of total population, 37.5% people live in urban regions. The total figure of population living in urban areas is 10,399,146 of which 5,545,989 are males and while remaining 4,853,157 are females. The urban population in the last 10 years has increased by 37.5%. According to the2011 Census of India,Punjab, India has a population of around 27.7 million.
The table below gives the population density (persons per square kilometre) of Punjab through the years.[3]
| Year | Density | Remark |
|---|---|---|
| 2011 | 551 | Population density (persons per square kilometer) of Punjab by year[3] |
| 2001 | 484 | |
| 1991 | 403 | |
| 1981 | 333 |
The table below shows the population density by district in Punjab, according to the 2011 census.[3]
| Sr. No. | District | Density (pers. per sq. k.m.) | District | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ludhiana | 978 | Hoshiarpur | 469 |
| 2 | Amritsar | 928 | Tarn Taran | 464 |
| 3 | SAS Nagar | 909 | Sangrur | 457 |
| 4 | Jalandhar | 836 | Moga | 444 |
| 5 | Gurdaspur | 647 | Faridkot | 424 |
| 6 | Patiala | 570 | Bathinda | 414 |
| 7 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 509 | Barnala | 402 |
| 8 | Rupnagar | 505 | Ferozepur | 382 |
| 9 | Kapurthala | 499 | Mansa | 350 |
| 10 | SBS Nagar | 478 | Sri Muktsar Sahib | 348 |
| Punjab | 551 | |||
The table below shows thesex ratio of Punjab through the years.[4]
| 1911 | 1921 | 1931 | 1941 | 1951 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 870 | 799 | 815 | 836 | 844 | 854 | 865 | 879 | 882 | 876 | 895 |
| Sr. No. | District | Sex Ratio | Urban Males | Urban Females |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hoshiarpur | 961 | 1,74,587 | 1,60,382 |
| 2 | SBS Nagar | 954 | 75,173 | 60,243 |
| 3 | Rupnagar | 915 | 93,396 | 84,411 |
| 4 | Jalandhar | 915 | 6,16,421 | 5,44,750 |
| 5 | Kapurthala | 912 | 1,50,379 | 1,32,083 |
| 6 | Gurdaspur | 907 | 1,92,590 | 1,68,563 |
| 7 | Tarn Taran | 900 | 75,047 | 66,748 |
| 8 | Sri Muktsar Sahib | 896 | 1,33,420 | 1,18,771 |
| 9 | Fazilka | 894 | 1,41,996 | 1,25,093 |
| 10 | Moga | 893 | 1,20,216 | 1,07,030 |
| 11 | Ferozepur | 893 | 1,53,433 | 1,32,034 |
| 12 | Patiala | 891 | 4,03,722 | 3,59,558 |
| 13 | Faridkot | 890 | 1,15,889 | 1,01,162 |
| 14 | Amritsar | 889 | 7,11,142 | 6,23,469 |
| 15 | Sangrur | 885 | 2,73,376 | 2,42,589 |
| 16 | Mansa | 883 | 86,548 | 77,056 |
| 17 | SAS Nagar | 879 | 2,88,269 | 2,56,342 |
| 18 | Barnala | 876 | 1,02,312 | 88,373 |
| 19 | Ludhiana | 873 | 11,14,372 | 9,55,336 |
| 20 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 871 | 1,00,745 | 84,737 |
| 21 | Pathankot | 869 | 1,64,243 | 1,33,923 |
| 22 | Bathinda | 868 | 2,68,713 | 2,30,504 |
| Punjab (Total) | 895 | 55,45,989 | 48,53,157 |
The table below shows thebirth rate per 1000 persons in Punjab through the years.[7]
| According to the National Family Health Survey of 2015–16, the percentage of women age 15-19 who have begun childbearing (teenage pregnancy) was 2.6%.[8] The table below shows the variation in fertility rate (children per woman) according to the education of a woman in Punjab, as of 2019–21.
|
According to the National Family Health Survey 2020–21, the unmet need for family planning increased from 6.2% in 2015–16 to 9.9% in 2020–21. In the same time period, the unmet need for child spacing increased from 2.4 to 3.7 percent.[10]
| Indicator | Urban (2020–21) | Rural (2020–21) | Total (2020–21) | Total (2015–16) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any method | 68.4% | 65.4% | 66.6% | 75.8% |
| Any modern method | 49.4% | 51.1% | 50.5% | 66.3% |
| Female sterilization | 18.0% | 25.6% | 22.8% | 37.5% |
| Male sterilization | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.6% |
| IUD/PPIUD | 2.8% | 3.2% | 3.1% | 6.8% |
| Pill | 1.1% | 1.7% | 1.5% | 2.5% |
| Condom | 26.6% | 19.7% | 22.2% | 18.9% |
| Injectables | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
Infant mortality[edit]The list below shows theinfant mortality rate per 1000 in Punjab, through the years.[7]
| Maternal mortality[edit]The table below shows the maternal mortality rate per one lakh (1,00,000) per year, through the years.[7]
|
According to the 2011 census, theliteracy rate of Punjab was 75.84%. The male literacy was 80.44% and the female literacy was 70.72%.[11] The median number of years of schooling completed in the state was 6.5 for females and 7.8 for males, as of 2011.[12]
Below is a combined table showing the total, rural, and urban literacy rates for each district of Punjab according to the 2011 Census of India.[13][14][15]
| District | Total Literacy (%) | Rural Literacy (%) | Urban Literacy (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hoshiarpur | 84.59 | 74.77 | 78.77 |
| Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar (Mohali) | 83.80 | 69.68 | 77.67 |
| Jalandhar | 82.48 | 70.53 | 77.03 |
| Ludhiana | 82.20 | 70.12 | 75.28 |
| Rupnagar | 82.19 | 72.00 | 77.50 |
| Gurdaspur | 79.95 | 68.12 | 78.59 |
| Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar | 79.78 | 70.98 | 74.04 |
| Fatehgarh Sahib | 79.35 | 69.53 | 74.24 |
| Kapurthala | 79.07 | 67.73 | 76.40 |
| Amritsar | 76.27 | 59.64 | 74.58 |
| Patiala | 75.28 | 60.83 | 75.72 |
| Moga | 70.68 | 60.90 | 70.36 |
| Faridkot | 69.55 | 57.38 | 69.79 |
| Firozpur | 68.92 | 56.95 | 69.98 |
| Bathinda | 68.28 | 55.46 | 70.45 |
| Sangrur | 67.99 | 57.83 | 66.52 |
| Barnala | 67.82 | 57.90 | 65.78 |
| Tarn Taran | 67.81 | 58.30 | 67.74 |
| Muktsar | 65.81 | 54.66 | 67.29 |
| Mansa | 61.83 | 51.68 | 67.43 |
The table below shows the literacy rate by religion in Punjab, according to 2001 census.[16]
| Sr. No. | Religion | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jains | 95.9% |
| 2 | Hindus | 74.6% |
| 3 | Buddhists | 72.7% |
| 4 | Sikhs | 67.3% |
| 5 | Christians | 54.6% |
| 6 | Muslims | 51.2% |
| All religious groups | 69.7% |
The table below gives the literacy rate of Scheduled castes by district, according to the 2011 census.[17][18][19][20]
| Sr. No. | District | SC Percentage | District total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hoshiarpur | 82.49% | 84.59% |
| 2 | Rupnagar | 78.4% | 82.19% |
| 3 | Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar | 77.72 % | 79.78% |
| 4 | SAS Nagar | 76.1% | 83.80% |
| 5 | Jalandhar | 76.68% | 82.48% |
| 6 | Gurdaspur | 72.89% | 79.95% |
| 7 | Ludhiana | 72.65% | 82.20% |
| 8 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 72.19% | 79.35% |
| 9 | Kapurthala | 71.29% | 79.07% |
| 10 | Patiala | 62.28% | 75.28% |
| 11 | Amritsar | 59.16% | 76.27% |
| 12 | Sangrur | 57.60% | 67.99% |
| 13 | Moga | 55.23% | 70.68% |
| 14 | Firozpur | 55.38% | 68.92% |
| 15 | Faridkot | 54.91% | 69.55% |
| 16 | Barnala | 54.91% | 67.82% |
| 17 | Bathinda | 53.09% | 68.28% |
| 18 | Tarn Taran | 51.37% | 67.81% |
| 19 | Muktsar | 50.46% | 65.81% |
| 20 | Mansa | 48.72% | 61.83% |
| Punjab | 64.81% | 75.84%. |
The table below shows the district wisehuman development index of Punjab through the years.[22]
| Sr. No. | District | 2017 | 2011 | 2001 | 1991 | Percentage change 1991–2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ludhiana | 0.794 | 0.747 | 0.761 | 0.650 | 22.1% |
| 2 | Moga | 0.695 | 0.679 | 0.683 | -- | -- |
| 3 | Sangrur | 0.669 | 0.666 | 0.654 | 0.534 | 25.2% |
| 4 | Bathinda | 0.659 | 0.740 | 0.539 | 22.2% | |
| 5 | Tarn Taran | 0.654 | 0.646 | -- | -- | -- |
| 6 | SAS Nagar | 0.653 | 0.701 | -- | -- | -- |
| 7 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 0.648 | 0.69 | 0.74 | -- | -- |
| 8 | Kapurthala | 0.646 | 0.703 | 0.707 | 0.603 | 7.3% |
| 9 | Amritsar | 0.635 | 0.685 | 0.700 | 0.608 | 4.4% |
| 10 | Rupnagar | 0.629 | 0.675 | 0.751 | 0.623 | 0.9% |
| 11 | SBS Nagar | 0.627 | 0.707 | 0.707 | -- | -- |
| 12 | Jalandhar | 0.618 | 0.738 | 0.708 | 0.610 | 1.3% |
| 13 | Barnala | 0.617 | 0.649 | -- | -- | -- |
| 14 | Hoshiarpur | 0.615 | 0.721 | 0.718 | 0.606 | 1.4% |
| 15 | Patiala | 0.607 | 0.695 | 0.697 | 0.589 | 3.0% |
| 16 | Mansa | 0.601 | 0.595 | 0.633 | -- | -- |
| 17 | Faridkot | 0.599 | 0.642 | 0.698 | 0.573 | 4.5% |
| 18 | Muktsar | 0.572 | 0.633 | 0.651 | -- | -- |
| 19 | Firozpur | 0.563 | 0.606 | 0.689 | 0.568 | -0.8% |
| 20 | Pathankot | 0.538 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 21 | Fazilka | 0.505 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 22 | Gurdaspur | 0.503 | 0.673 | 0.723 | 0.612 | -17.6% |
| Punjab | 0.620 | 0.643 | 0.667 | 0.591 | 4.9% |
As of September 2020, thecaste population data foreachForward caste citizen in Punjab collected inSocio Economic and Caste Census 2011 has not been released to public byGovernment of India.[23][24]Scheduled Castes andOther Backward Classes form 63.2% of the total population of Punjab.[25]
| Caste Population data of Punjab | ||
|---|---|---|
| Constitutional categories | Population (%) | Castes |
| General caste | 33% | includes 18%Jat Sikh,[26] 15 %Ahir(in Patiala & Sangrur),Brahmin,Khatri,Arora,Rajput (includes Sikh Rajputs),Sood,Bania,Bhatia,Mahajan |
| Other Backward Classes (OBC) | 31.3%[27][28] | includesSainis,[29]Kamboj,Labana,Tarkhan/Ramgarhia,Kumhar/Prajapati,Arain,Gujjar,Teli,Banjara, Others |
| Scheduled Castes (Dalits not includingRai Sikh statistics[30]) | 31.9%[31] | includesMazhabi Sikh - 10%, (Ramdasia,Ravidassia,Ad-Dharmi-Chamar castes cluster - 13.1%),Balmiki/Bhanghi - 3.5%,Bazigar - 1.05% Others castes like Sansi, chimba, nai, julaha and many more - 4%[32] |
| religious minorities | 3.8%[33] | includesMuslims,Christians,Buddhists,Jains |
Below is the list of districts according to the percentage of their SC population, according to 2011 census.[11][17][34][35]
| Sr. No. | District | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar | 42.51% |
| 2 | Muktsar | 42.31% |
| 3 | Fazilka | 42.27% |
| 4 | Firozpur | 42.07% |
| 5 | Jalandhar | 38.95% |
| 6 | Faridkot | 38.92% |
| 7 | Moga | 36.50% |
| 8 | Hoshiarpur | 35.14% |
| 9 | Kapurthala | 33.94% |
| 10 | Tarn Taran | 33.71% |
| 11 | Mansa | 33.63% |
| 12 | Bathinda | 32.44% |
| 13 | Barnala | 32.24% |
| 14 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 32.07% |
| 15 | Amritsar | 30.95% |
| 16 | Pathankot | 30.60% |
| 17 | Sangrur | 27.89% |
| 18 | Ludhiana | 26.39% |
| 19 | Rupnagar | 25.42% |
| 20 | Patiala | 24.55% |
| 21 | Gurdaspur | 23.03% |
| 22 | SAS Nagar | 21.74% |
Scheduled caste (SC) population among different religions in Punjab - Census 2011[36]
| Religion | Total Population | Scheduled Caste Population | Scheduled Caste Population % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sikh | 16,004,754 | 5,390,484 | 33.68% |
| Hindu | 10,678,138 | 3,442,305 | 32.23% |
| Buddhist | 33,237 | 27,390 | 82.40% |
| Sr. No. | District | Ravidassia/Addharmi Caste % | Mazhabi/Valmiki Caste % | Rai-Sikh Caste % | Julaha Caste % | Sansi Caste % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SBS Nagar | 34.88% | 2.72% | 0.02% | 0.2% | 0.32% |
| 2 | Hoshiarpur | 26.34% | 3.62% | 0.02% | 0.55% | 0.17% |
| 3 | Jalandhar | 21.43% | 11.07% | 0.87% | 2.03% | 0.45% |
| 4 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 19.2% | 7.61% | 0.01% | 0.16% | 0.34% |
| 5 | Rupnagar | 16.85% | 4.36% | 0% | 0.84% | 0.06% |
| 6 | Sangrur | 15.77% | 10.51% | 0.01% | 0.04% | 0.64% |
| 7 | Barnala | 15.18% | 13.22% | 0% | 0.05% | 0.36% |
| 8 | Ludhiana | 14.94% | 6.4% | 0.52% | 0.34% | 0.32% |
| 9 | SAS Nagar | 11.65% | 5.82% | 0.02% | 0.23% | 0.16% |
| 10 | Mansa | 11.33% | 16.1% | 1.48% | 0.04% | 0.15% |
| 11 | Kapurthala | 11.04% | 17.21% | 2.53% | 0.31% | 0.25% |
| 12 | Patiala | 10.18% | 7.56% | 0.15% | 0.08% | 0.3% |
| 13 | Bathinda | 7.83% | 17.84% | 0.23% | 0.19% | 0.16% |
| 14 | Gurdaspur | 5.79% | 6.6% | 0.1% | 2.11% | 0.79% |
| 15 | Muktsar | 5.54% | 25.9% | 0.75% | 1.57% | 0.33% |
| 16 | Faridkot | 4.35% | 26.57% | 0.02% | 0.05% | 0.27% |
| 17 | Moga | 3.14% | 25.39% | 1.43% | 0.04% | 0.14% |
| 18 | Firozpur | 1.56% | 14.5% | 18.44% | 2.33% | 0.51% |
| 19 | Amritsar | 1.28% | 22.84% | 1.72% | 1.28% | 0.77% |
| 20 | Tarn Taran | 0.32% | 28.17% | 0.03% | 0.01% | 1.57 |
The table below shows the number of recorded crimes against scheduled caste and scheduled tribe people from 2010 to 2018.[38]
| Year | Murder | Rape | POA Act | Hurt | Kidnapping | Miscellaneous |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 13 | 30 | 32 | 6 | 4 | 82 |
| 2017 | 7 | 17 | 31 | 3 | 2 | 58 |
| 2016 | 7 | 16 | 41 | 1 | 3 | 64 |
| 2015 | 8 | 14 | 23 | 5 | 3 | 94 |
| 2014 | 4 | 19 | 16 | 2 | 3 | 79 |
| 2013 | 7 | 22 | 13 | 37 | 8 | 39 |
| 2012 | 4 | 12 | 8 | 21 | 2 | 24 |
| 2011 | 5 | 9 | 24 | 27 | 2 | 22 |
| 2010 | 4 | 18 | 50 | 13 | 0 | 30 |
The table below shows the percentage of rural population in each district of Punjab in ascending order, according to the 2011 census.[39]
| Sr. No. | District | Rural percentage |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ludhiana | 40.84% |
| 2 | SAS Nagar | 45.24% |
| 3 | Amritsar | 46.42% |
| 4 | Jalandhar | 47.07% |
| 5 | Pathankot | 55.93% |
| 6 | Patiala | 59.74% |
| 7 | Bathinda | 64.05% |
| 8 | Faridkot | 64.85% |
| 9 | Kapurthala | 65.35% |
| 10 | Barnala | 67.98% |
| 11 | Sangrur | 68.83% |
| 12 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 69.02% |
| 13 | Ferozepur | 71.54% |
| 14 | Sri Muktsar Sahib | 72.04% |
| 15 | Fazilka | 73.97% |
| 16 | Rupnagar | 74.03% |
| 17 | Moga | 77.18% |
| 18 | Gurdaspur | 77.73% |
| 19 | Mansa | 78.75% |
| 20 | Hoshiarpur | 78.89% |
| 21 | SBS Nagar | 79.52% |
| 22 | Tarn Taran | 87.34% |
| Punjab (whole) | 62.52% |
ThePunjabi language written in theGurmukhi script is the official language of the state.[42]Muslims form a slight majority in theMalerkotla town and useShahmukhi for communication.[43]Punjabi is the sole official language of Punjab and is spoken by the majority of the population numbering around 24,919,067 constituting (89.82%) of the population as of 2011 census report.Hindi is the second largest language, spoken by 2,177,853 constituting 7.85% of the population. And the remaining 646,418 spoke other Indian languages, comprising 2.83% in the Others category.[40]
.svg)
Sikhism is the most common faith in Punjab, numbering over 16 million people representing 57.69% of the population, making it the only Sikh-majority state in India. Around 38.49% of the population (10.68 million) followHinduism, whileIslam is followed by 1.93% of the population (535,000) andChristianity 1.26% (350,000).[44] Other faiths includeBuddhism andJainism which are followed in smaller numbers. There were also nearly 90,000 people that did not state their religion.[45]
| Religion | 2001 Census[46] | 2011 Census[47] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | |
Sikh | 14,592,387 | 59.91% | 16,004,754 | 57.69% |
Hindu | 8,997,942 | 36.94% | 10,678,138 | 38.49% |
Muslim | 382,045 | 1.57% | 535,489 | 1.93% |
Christian | 292,800 | 1.20% | 348,230 | 1.26% |
Jain | 39,276 | 0.16% | 45,040 | 0.16% |
Buddhist.svg) | 41,487 | 0.17% | 33,237 | 0.12% |
| Others | 8,594 | 0.03% | 10,886 | 0.04% |
| Religion not stated | n/a | n/a | 87,564 | 0.31% |
| Total | 24,358,999 | 100.00% | 27,743,338 | 100.00% |
The table given below shows the religion in theurban areas of Punjab, according to 2011 census.[48]
| Religion | Urban | Rural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage | Population | Percentage | Population | |
| Hindu | 60.41% | 6,282,072 | 25.35% | 4,396,066 |
| Sikh | 35.16% | 3,656,299 | 71.20% | 12,348,455 |
| Muslim | 2.47% | 256,664 | 1.61% | 278,825 |
| Christian | 1.01% | 105,253 | 1.40% | 242,977 |
| Jain | 0.39% | 40,674 | 0.03% | 4,366 |
| Buddhist | 0.09% | 9,660 | 0.14% | 23,577 |
| Other religions and persuasions | 0.04% | 4,240 | 0.04% | 6,646 |
| Religion not stated | 0.43% | 44,284 | 0.25% | 43,280 |
| Total | 10,399,146 | 17,344,192 | ||
The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Punjab.
| Hindu | Sikh | Christian | Muslim | Other religions | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | Urban | 29,81,804 | 15,42,623 | 33,503 | 60,395 | 29,432 |
| Rural | 32,18,391 | 86,56,518 | 1,51,431 | 1,07,699 | 7,119 | |
| 2001 | Urban | 49,33,743 | 30,24,950 | 81,642 | 1,66,529 | 55,649 |
| Rural | 40,64,199 | 1,15,67,437 | 2,11,160 | 2,15,518 | 38,176 | |
| 2011 | Urban | 62,82,072 | 36,56,299 | 1,05,253 | 2,56,664 | 98,858 |
| Rural | 43,96,066 | 1,23,48,455 | 2,42,977 | 2,78,825 | 77,869 | |
Following thePunjab Reorganisation Act of 1966, the borders of the East Punjab region were finalized and delineated. The states that form this region at present includePunjab,Haryana,Himachal Pradesh, theUnion Territory of Chandigarh.
The religious demography according to the 1971 census for thecontemporary state of Punjab, India is shown below, broken down by district with an overall total.
| District | Sikhism | Hinduism | Christianity | Islam | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Firozpur district | 1,240,218 | 65.07% | 639,911 | 33.58% | 16,158 | 0.85% | 6,340 | 0.33% | 1,084 | 0.06% | 2,122 | 0.11% | 1,905,833 | 100% |
| Amritsar district | 1,362,291 | 74.22% | 430,019 | 23.43% | 37,703 | 2.05% | 3,044 | 0.17% | 2,295 | 0.13% | 148 | 0.01% | 1,835,500 | 100% |
| Jalandhar district | 653,018 | 44.9% | 784,048 | 53.9% | 10,705 | 0.74% | 3,362 | 0.23% | 2,660 | 0.18% | 708 | 0.05% | 1,454,501 | 100% |
| Ludhiana district | 932,712 | 65.71% | 471,519 | 33.22% | 3,027 | 0.21% | 5,620 | 0.4% | 6,176 | 0.44% | 367 | 0.03% | 1,419,421 | 100% |
| Bhatinda district | 1,014,091 | 76.93% | 297,382 | 22.56% | 752 | 0.06% | 3,829 | 0.29% | 2,072 | 0.16% | 8 | 0% | 1,318,134 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur district | 550,996 | 44.82% | 590,290 | 48.02% | 79,732 | 6.49% | 6,868 | 0.56% | 152 | 0.01% | 1,211 | 0.1% | 1,229,249 | 100% |
| Patiala district | 659,020 | 54.24% | 539,128 | 44.37% | 1,696 | 0.14% | 13,644 | 1.12% | 1,380 | 0.11% | 232 | 0.02% | 1,215,100 | 100% |
| Sangrur district | 767,071 | 66.9% | 311,197 | 27.14% | 806 | 0.07% | 64,448 | 5.62% | 2,982 | 0.26% | 146 | 0.01% | 1,146,650 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur district | 414,323 | 39.38% | 623,413 | 59.25% | 8,594 | 0.82% | 3,456 | 0.33% | 1,602 | 0.15% | 765 | 0.07% | 1,052,153 | 100% |
| Rupar district | 303,102 | 55.61% | 237,016 | 43.49% | 1,212 | 0.22% | 2,978 | 0.55% | 655 | 0.12% | 42 | 0.01% | 545,005 | 100% |
| Kapurthala district | 263,130 | 61.26% | 163,312 | 38.02% | 1,817 | 0.42% | 858 | 0.2% | 325 | 0.08% | 72 | 0.02% | 429,514 | 100% |
| Total | 8,159,972 | 60.22% | 5,087,235 | 37.54% | 162,202 | 1.2% | 114,447 | 0.84% | 21,383 | 0.16% | 5,821 | 0.04% | 13,551,060 | 100% |
| Note: Territory comprises the contemporary state ofPunjab, India. | ||||||||||||||
The 1961 Census data reflects the post-reorganization administrative boundaries. By this time, thePatiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU) had been fully merged into Punjab on 1 November 1956 under the States Reorganisation Act. Additionally, the former princely state of Bilaspur, a Part-C state, was merged into Himachal Pradesh in 1954. Therefore, the 1961 census tables include populations from the territories of both Punjab (including the former PEPSU regions) and Himachal Pradesh (including Bilaspur), as per their reorganized state boundaries.
The religious demography of the East Punjab region including the contemporary subdivisions ofPunjab,Haryana,Himachal Pradesh, and theUnion Territory of Chandigarh is broken down below by district with an overall total as per the1961 census of India.[51][52][53]
| District | Hinduism | Sikhism | Islam | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Firozpur district | 657,712 | 40.62% | 936,953 | 57.87% | 3,369 | 0.21% | 19,234 | 1.19% | 1,746 | 0.11% | 102 | 0.01% | 1,619,116 | 100% |
| Hissar district | 1,374,258 | 89.21% | 152,719 | 9.91% | 6,203 | 0.4% | 1,022 | 0.07% | 6,021 | 0.39% | 285 | 0.02% | 1,540,508 | 100% |
| Amritsar district | 506,170 | 32.98% | 990,344 | 64.52% | 2,401 | 0.16% | 33,739 | 2.2% | 1,987 | 0.13% | 275 | 0.02% | 1,534,916 | 100% |
| Karnal district | 1,293,354 | 86.78% | 177,602 | 11.92% | 14,159 | 0.95% | 2,094 | 0.14% | 3,207 | 0.22% | 14 | 0% | 1,490,430 | 100% |
| Sangrur district | 738,816 | 51.86% | 622,227 | 43.67% | 55,738 | 3.91% | 577 | 0.04% | 7,328 | 0.51% | 2 | 0% | 1,424,688 | 100% |
| Rohtak district | 1,400,347 | 98.59% | 6,439 | 0.45% | 7,349 | 0.52% | 355 | 0.02% | 5,471 | 0.39% | 430 | 0.03% | 1,420,391 | 100% |
| Ambala district | 981,288 | 71.45% | 340,968 | 24.83% | 40,351 | 2.94% | 4,877 | 0.36% | 5,318 | 0.39% | 675 | 0.05% | 1,373,477 | 100% |
| Gurgaon district | 1,011,862 | 81.56% | 8,362 | 0.67% | 216,767 | 17.47% | 730 | 0.06% | 2,930 | 0.24% | 55 | 0% | 1,240,706 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur district | 835,436 | 67.73% | 381,965 | 30.97% | 7,050 | 0.57% | 7,207 | 0.58% | 1,794 | 0.15% | 41 | 0% | 1,233,493 | 100% |
| Jalandhar district | 662,631 | 53.99% | 550,232 | 44.83% | 3,184 | 0.26% | 8,733 | 0.71% | 2,278 | 0.19% | 309 | 0.03% | 1,227,367 | 100% |
| Kangra district | 1,043,387 | 98.2% | 8,854 | 0.83% | 6,701 | 0.63% | 1,251 | 0.12% | 127 | 0.01% | 2,198 | 0.21% | 1,062,518 | 100% |
| Bhatinda district | 285,967 | 27.1% | 762,677 | 72.28% | 3,340 | 0.32% | 956 | 0.09% | 2,209 | 0.21% | 28 | 0% | 1,055,177 | 100% |
| Patiala district | 480,086 | 45.78% | 553,438 | 52.77% | 11,714 | 1.12% | 1,565 | 0.15% | 1,944 | 0.19% | 31 | 0% | 1,048,778 | 100% |
| Ludhiana district | 365,429 | 35.74% | 644,266 | 63.01% | 4,686 | 0.46% | 2,638 | 0.26% | 5,110 | 0.5% | 390 | 0.04% | 1,022,519 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur district | 494,635 | 50.06% | 424,190 | 42.93% | 5,566 | 0.56% | 62,231 | 6.3% | 69 | 0.01% | 1,303 | 0.13% | 987,994 | 100% |
| Mahendragarh district | 543,480 | 99.2% | 2,222 | 0.41% | 1,456 | 0.27% | 29 | 0.01% | 663 | 0.12% | 0 | 0% | 547,850 | 100% |
| Mandi district | 380,453 | 99.01% | 1,759 | 0.46% | 1,868 | 0.49% | 28 | 0.01% | 10 | 0% | 141 | 0.04% | 384,259 | 100% |
| Mahasu district | 354,247 | 98.68% | 793 | 0.22% | 2,958 | 0.82% | 203 | 0.06% | 9 | 0% | 759 | 0.21% | 358,969 | 100% |
| Kapurthala district | 140,828 | 40.96% | 200,117 | 58.21% | 856 | 0.25% | 1,535 | 0.45% | 416 | 0.12% | 26 | 0.01% | 343,778 | 100% |
| Chamba district | 197,821 | 93.94% | 398 | 0.19% | 10,512 | 4.99% | 105 | 0.05% | 10 | 0% | 1,733 | 0.82% | 210,579 | 100% |
| Sirmur district | 185,020 | 93.66% | 3,867 | 1.96% | 8,203 | 4.15% | 221 | 0.11% | 64 | 0.03% | 176 | 0.09% | 197,551 | 100% |
| Bilaspur district | 155,094 | 97.66% | 1,593 | 1% | 2,078 | 1.31% | 35 | 0.02% | 2 | 0% | 4 | 0% | 158,806 | 100% |
| Simla district | 104,784 | 93.01% | 5,392 | 4.79% | 1,214 | 1.08% | 1,059 | 0.94% | 135 | 0.12% | 69 | 0.06% | 112,653 | 100% |
| Kinnaur district | 37,384 | 91.22% | 27 | 0.07% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 3,569 | 8.71% | 40,980 | 100% |
| Lahaul and Spiti district | 9,575 | 46.81% | 162 | 0.79% | 1,210 | 5.92% | 2 | 0.01% | 1 | 0% | 9,503 | 46.46% | 20,453 | 100% |
| Total | 14,240,064 | 65.75% | 6,777,566 | 31.29% | 418,933 | 1.93% | 150,426 | 0.69% | 48,849 | 0.23% | 22,118 | 0.1% | 21,657,956 | 100% |
| Note: Territory comprises the contemporary subdivisions ofPunjab, India,Chandigarh,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. | ||||||||||||||
The religious demography according to the 1961 census for the region that comprises thecontemporary state of Punjab, India is also shown below, broken down by district with an overall total.
| District | Sikhism | Hinduism | Christianity | Islam | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Firozpur district | 936,953 | 57.87% | 657,712 | 40.62% | 19,234 | 1.19% | 3,369 | 0.21% | 1,746 | 0.11% | 102 | 0.01% | 1,619,116 | 100% |
| Amritsar district | 990,344 | 64.52% | 506,170 | 32.98% | 33,739 | 2.2% | 2,401 | 0.16% | 1,987 | 0.13% | 275 | 0.02% | 1,534,916 | 100% |
| Sangrur district | 622,227 | 43.67% | 738,816 | 51.86% | 577 | 0.04% | 55,738 | 3.91% | 7,328 | 0.51% | 2 | 0% | 1,424,688 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur district | 381,965 | 30.97% | 835,436 | 67.73% | 7,207 | 0.58% | 7,050 | 0.57% | 1,794 | 0.15% | 41 | 0% | 1,233,493 | 100% |
| Jalandhar district | 550,232 | 44.83% | 662,631 | 53.99% | 8,733 | 0.71% | 3,184 | 0.26% | 2,278 | 0.19% | 309 | 0.03% | 1,227,367 | 100% |
| Bhatinda district | 762,677 | 72.28% | 285,967 | 27.1% | 956 | 0.09% | 3,340 | 0.32% | 2,209 | 0.21% | 28 | 0% | 1,055,177 | 100% |
| Patiala district | 553,438 | 52.77% | 480,086 | 45.78% | 1,565 | 0.15% | 11,714 | 1.12% | 1,944 | 0.19% | 31 | 0% | 1,048,778 | 100% |
| Ludhiana district | 644,266 | 63.01% | 365,429 | 35.74% | 2,638 | 0.26% | 4,686 | 0.46% | 5,110 | 0.5% | 390 | 0.04% | 1,022,519 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur district | 424,190 | 42.93% | 494,635 | 50.06% | 62,231 | 6.3% | 5,566 | 0.56% | 69 | 0.01% | 1,303 | 0.13% | 987,994 | 100% |
| Kapurthala district | 200,117 | 58.21% | 140,828 | 40.96% | 1,535 | 0.45% | 856 | 0.25% | 416 | 0.12% | 26 | 0.01% | 343,778 | 100% |
| Total | 6,066,409 | 52.76% | 5,167,710 | 44.95% | 138,415 | 1.2% | 97,904 | 0.85% | 24,881 | 0.22% | 2,507 | 0.02% | 11,497,826 | 100% |
| Note: Territory roughly comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, India. Certain regions that would ultimately form part of the contemporary state (Kharar andRupartehsils) are excluded from the data table above, while certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from the contemporary state (Una,Jind, andNarwanatehsils) are included in the data table above. The demarcation an reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | ||||||||||||||
After Partition, East Punjab underwent significant restructuring, particularly in itsPunjab States Agency. Several princely states in the region were merged in 1948 to form thePatiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU), while a number of hill states in the north were integrated to form Himachal Pradesh.Bilaspur Princely state remained a separate entity asBilaspur State. In the 1951 census, these regions — Punjab, PEPSU, Himachal Pradesh, Bilaspur, and Delhi — were grouped together in a single volume titledCensus of India, 1951: Punjab, Pepsu, Himachal Pradesh, Bilaspur & Delhi. Although Delhi was included in this volume, it had become a separate province in 1911 and is not considered part of East Punjab for statistical purposes.[54] Below is the religious demographics of this region broken down bydistrict with an overall total as per the1951 census of India.
In the following tables, 268,602 people from the Jullundur Division were not classified by religion due to missing records caused by a fire in the Jullundur Census Tabulation Office. As a result, their religious affiliation could not be included at the district level. These unclassified populations were distributed across Amritsar district (96,720 persons), Gurdaspur district (89,512 persons), Jullundur district (46,834 persons), Ferozepur district (18,283 persons), Kangra district (9,565 persons), Hoshiarpur district (6,362 persons), and Ludhiana district (1,326 persons).[55] While their district level religious details were omitted, the number was included on the overall provincial tabulation. According to consolidated data, out of the 268,602 individuals, 149,758 persons wereSikhs, 1,658 persons wereMuslims and 117,186 persons wereHindus and others,[56] Therefore, the actual total population of the province/state was not 16,975,754 as shown in the tables below, but 17,244,356 after including these 268,602 individuals.
| District | Hinduism | Sikhism | Islam | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total responses | Total population | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | ||||
| Firozpur district | 505,937 | 38.67% | 780,024 | 59.62% | 4,805 | 0.37% | 11,976 | 0.92% | 5,475 | 0.42% | 20 | 0% | 1,308,237 | 98.62% | 1,326,520 | 100% | |||
| Amritsar district | 351,710 | 27.69% | 897,309 | 70.64% | 4,237 | 0.33% | 14,753 | 1.16% | 2,115 | 0.17% | 196 | 0.02% | 1,270,320 | 92.92% | 1,367,040 | 100% | |||
| Rohtak district | 1,105,046 | 98.48% | 7,907 | 0.7% | 2,562 | 0.23% | 153 | 0.01% | 5,878 | 0.52% | 500 | 0.04% | 1,122,046 | 100% | 1,122,046 | 100% | |||
| Hoshiarpur district | 794,688 | 73.2% | 283,720 | 26.13% | 1,353 | 0.12% | 4,027 | 0.37% | 1,823 | 0.17% | 13 | 0% | 1,085,624 | 99.42% | 1,091,986 | 100% | |||
| Karnal district | 974,959 | 90.33% | 96,458 | 8.94% | 3,658 | 0.34% | 490 | 0.05% | 3,813 | 0.35% | 1 | 0% | 1,079,379 | 100% | 1,079,379 | 100% | |||
| Hissar district | 954,714 | 91.3% | 80,394 | 7.69% | 3,312 | 0.32% | 609 | 0.06% | 6,609 | 0.63% | 7 | 0% | 1,045,645 | 100% | 1,045,645 | 100% | |||
| Jalandhar district | 429,747 | 42.6% | 569,487 | 56.45% | 2,569 | 0.25% | 5,969 | 0.59% | 985 | 0.1% | 9 | 0% | 1,008,766 | 95.56% | 1,055,600 | 100% | |||
| Gurgaon district | 794,019 | 82.06% | 6,310 | 0.65% | 163,663 | 16.91% | 769 | 0.08% | 2,722 | 0.28% | 181 | 0.02% | 967,664 | 100% | 967,664 | 100% | |||
| Ambala district | 681,477 | 72.21% | 232,456 | 24.63% | 23,106 | 2.45% | 3,690 | 0.39% | 2,983 | 0.32% | 22 | 0% | 943,734 | 100% | 943,734 | 100% | |||
| Kangra district | 898,564 | 96.99% | 18,401 | 1.99% | 6,426 | 0.69% | 604 | 0.07% | 1,199 | 0.13% | 1,283 | 0.14% | 926,477 | 98.98% | 936,042 | 100% | |||
| Ludhiana district | 301,398 | 37.36% | 497,419 | 61.65% | 3,360 | 0.42% | 1,200 | 0.15% | 3,397 | 0.42% | 5 | 0% | 806,779 | 99.84% | 808,105 | 100% | |||
| Gurdaspur district | 346,884 | 45.54% | 354,681 | 46.56% | 9,370 | 1.23% | 50,457 | 6.62% | 388 | 0.05% | 2 | 0% | 761,782 | 89.49% | 851,294 | 100% | |||
| Bhatinda district | 144,305 | 21.64% | 521,045 | 78.14% | 416 | 0.06% | 450 | 0.07% | 574 | 0.09% | 19 | 0% | 666,809 | 100% | 666,809 | 100% | |||
| Sangrur district | 420,218 | 65.36% | 215,023 | 33.44% | 3,741 | 0.58% | 341 | 0.05% | 3,610 | 0.56% | 1 | 0% | 642,934 | 100% | 642,934 | 100% | |||
| Barnala district | 112,635 | 20.99% | 380,811 | 70.95% | 41,673 | 7.76% | 113 | 0.02% | 1,484 | 0.28% | 12 | 0% | 536,728 | 100% | 536,728 | 100% | |||
| Patiala district | 273,087 | 52.09% | 246,953 | 47.1% | 2,893 | 0.55% | 499 | 0.1% | 689 | 0.13% | 148 | 0.03% | 524,269 | 100% | 524,269 | 100% | |||
| Mohinder Garh district | 438,347 | 98.93% | 2,615 | 0.59% | 1,450 | 0.33% | 5 | 0% | 657 | 0.15% | 0 | 0% | 443,074 | 100% | 443,074 | 100% | |||
| Mahasu district | 327,998 | 99.21% | 730 | 0.22% | 1,795 | 0.54% | 85 | 0.03% | 4 | 0% | 2 | 0% | 330,614 | 100% | 330,614 | 100% | |||
| Mandi district | 308,302 | 99.25% | 1,056 | 0.34% | 1,268 | 0.41% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 310,626 | 100% | 310,626 | 100% | |||
| Kapurthala district | 104,679 | 35.48% | 187,568 | 63.57% | 854 | 0.29% | 1,547 | 0.52% | 269 | 0.09% | 154 | 0.05% | 295,071 | 100% | 295,071 | 100% | |||
| Fatehgarh Sahib district | 80,141 | 33.76% | 154,714 | 65.17% | 2,269 | 0.96% | 267 | 0.11% | 6 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 237,397 | 100% | 237,397 | 100% | |||
| Chamba district | 170,333 | 96.75% | 300 | 0.17% | 5,208 | 2.96% | 208 | 0.12% | 1 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 176,050 | 100% | 176,050 | 100% | |||
| Sirmoor district | 157,815 | 95.03% | 2,626 | 1.58% | 5,588 | 3.36% | 19 | 0.01% | 29 | 0.02% | 0 | 0% | 166,077 | 100% | 166,077 | 100% | |||
| Kohistan district | 130,937 | 88.83% | 13,206 | 8.96% | 2,617 | 1.78% | 343 | 0.23% | 289 | 0.2% | 11 | 0.01% | 147,403 | 100% | 147,403 | 100% | |||
| Bilaspur district | 124,393 | 98.65% | 307 | 0.24% | 1,394 | 1.11% | 5 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 126,099 | 100% | 126,099 | 100% | |||
| Simla district | 37,287 | 80.8% | 7,417 | 16.07% | 659 | 1.43% | 596 | 1.29% | 131 | 0.28% | 60 | 0.13% | 46,150 | 100% | 46,150 | 100% | |||
| Total responses | 10,969,620 | 64.62% | 5,558,937 | 32.75% | 300,246 | 1.77% | 99,175 | 0.58% | 45,130 | 0.27% | 2,646 | 0.02% | 16,975,754 | 98.44% | N/a | N/a | |||
| Total population | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | 17,244,356 | 100% | |||
| Note: Territory comprises the contemporary subdivisions ofPunjab, India,Chandigarh,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. | |||||||||||||||||||
The religious demography according to the 1951 census for the region that comprises thecontemporary state of Punjab, India is also shown below, broken down by district with an overall total.
| District | Sikhism | Hinduism | Christianity | Islam | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Firozpur district | 780,024 | 59.62% | 505,937 | 38.67% | 11,976 | 0.92% | 4,805 | 0.37% | 5,475 | 0.42% | 20 | 0% | 1,308,237 | 100% |
| Amritsar district | 897,309 | 70.64% | 351,710 | 27.69% | 14,753 | 1.16% | 4,237 | 0.33% | 2,115 | 0.17% | 196 | 0.02% | 1,270,320 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur district | 283,720 | 26.13% | 794,688 | 73.2% | 4,027 | 0.37% | 1,353 | 0.12% | 1,823 | 0.17% | 13 | 0% | 1,085,624 | 100% |
| Jalandhar district | 569,487 | 56.45% | 429,747 | 42.6% | 5,969 | 0.59% | 2,569 | 0.25% | 985 | 0.1% | 9 | 0% | 1,008,766 | 100% |
| Ludhiana district | 497,419 | 61.65% | 301,398 | 37.36% | 1,200 | 0.15% | 3,360 | 0.42% | 3,397 | 0.42% | 5 | 0% | 806,779 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur district | 354,681 | 46.56% | 346,884 | 45.54% | 50,457 | 6.62% | 9,370 | 1.23% | 388 | 0.05% | 2 | 0% | 761,782 | 100% |
| Bhatinda district | 521,045 | 78.14% | 144,305 | 21.64% | 450 | 0.07% | 416 | 0.06% | 574 | 0.09% | 19 | 0% | 666,809 | 100% |
| Sangrur district | 215,023 | 33.44% | 420,218 | 65.36% | 341 | 0.05% | 3,741 | 0.58% | 3,610 | 0.56% | 1 | 0% | 642,934 | 100% |
| Barnala district | 380,811 | 70.95% | 112,635 | 20.99% | 113 | 0.02% | 41,673 | 7.76% | 1,484 | 0.28% | 12 | 0% | 536,728 | 100% |
| Patiala district | 246,953 | 47.1% | 273,087 | 52.09% | 499 | 0.1% | 2,893 | 0.55% | 689 | 0.13% | 148 | 0.03% | 524,269 | 100% |
| Kapurthala district | 187,568 | 63.57% | 104,679 | 35.48% | 1,547 | 0.52% | 854 | 0.29% | 269 | 0.09% | 154 | 0.05% | 295,071 | 100% |
| Fatehgarh Sahib district | 154,714 | 65.17% | 80,141 | 33.76% | 267 | 0.11% | 2,269 | 0.96% | 6 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 237,397 | 100% |
| Total | 5,088,754 | 55.65% | 3,865,429 | 42.27% | 91,599 | 1% | 77,540 | 0.85% | 20,815 | 0.23% | 579 | 0.01% | 9,144,716 | 100% |
| Note: Territory roughly comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, India. Certain regions that would ultimately form part of the contemporary state (Kharar andRupartehsils) are excluded from the data table above, while certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from the contemporary state (Una,Jind, andNarwanatehsils) are included in the data table above. The demarcation an reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | ||||||||||||||
Prior topartition, the eastern portion of Punjab that was ultimately awarded to India following the demarcation of theRadcliffe Line was made into a new province –East Punjab. The area includes the contemporary states ofPunjab,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. Below is the religious demographics of this region broken down bydistrict andprincely state with an overall total as per the1941 Indian census.
| District/ Princely State | Hinduism[k] | Islam | Sikhism | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 597,488 | 30.86% | 436,539 | 22.55% | 896,021 | 46.28% | 1,592 | 0.08% | 3,101 | 0.16% | 1,518 | 0.08% | 1,936,259 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 287,733 | 20.22% | 641,448 | 45.07% | 479,486 | 33.69% | 12,607 | 0.89% | 1,674 | 0.12% | 128 | 0.01% | 1,423,076 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 217,431 | 15.38% | 657,695 | 46.52% | 510,845 | 36.13% | 25,973 | 1.84% | 1,911 | 0.14% | 21 | 0% | 1,413,876 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 584,080 | 49.91% | 380,759 | 32.53% | 198,194 | 16.93% | 6,165 | 0.53% | 1,125 | 0.1% | 0 | 0% | 1,170,323 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 311,010 | 27.59% | 509,804 | 45.23% | 298,741 | 26.5% | 6,233 | 0.55% | 1,395 | 0.12% | 7 | 0% | 1,127,190 | 100% |
| Hisar District | 652,842 | 64.85% | 285,208 | 28.33% | 60,731 | 6.03% | 1,292 | 0.13% | 6,126 | 0.61% | 510 | 0.05% | 1,006,709 | 100% |
| Karnal District | 666,301 | 66.99% | 304,346 | 30.6% | 19,887 | 2% | 1,249 | 0.13% | 2,789 | 0.28% | 3 | 0% | 994,575 | 100% |
| Rohtak District | 780,474 | 81.61% | 166,569 | 17.42% | 1,466 | 0.15% | 1,043 | 0.11% | 6,847 | 0.72% | 0 | 0% | 956,399 | 100% |
| Kangra District | 846,531 | 94.12% | 43,249 | 4.81% | 4,809 | 0.53% | 788 | 0.09% | 101 | 0.01% | 3,899 | 0.43% | 899,377 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 174,221 | 20.21% | 440,323 | 51.08% | 200,688 | 23.28% | 46,743 | 5.42% | 25 | 0% | 6 | 0% | 862,006 | 100% |
| Gurgaon District | 560,537 | 65.83% | 285,992 | 33.59% | 637 | 0.07% | 1,673 | 0.2% | 2,613 | 0.31% | 6 | 0% | 851,458 | 100% |
| Ambala District | 412,658 | 48.68% | 268,999 | 31.73% | 156,543 | 18.47% | 6,065 | 0.72% | 3,065 | 0.36% | 415 | 0.05% | 847,745 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 171,715 | 20.98% | 302,482 | 36.95% | 341,175 | 41.68% | 1,913 | 0.23% | 1,279 | 0.16% | 51 | 0.01% | 818,615 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 61,546 | 16.27% | 213,754 | 56.49% | 88,350 | 23.35% | 1,667 | 0.44% | 380 | 0.1% | 12,683 | 3.35% | 378,380 | 100% |
| Jind State | 268,355 | 74.17% | 50,972 | 14.09% | 40,981 | 11.33% | 161 | 0.04% | 1,294 | 0.36% | 49 | 0.01% | 361,812 | 100% |
| Simla Hill States | 345,716 | 96.16% | 10,812 | 3.01% | 2,693 | 0.75% | 161 | 0.04% | 126 | 0.04% | 12 | 0% | 359,520 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 146,518 | 42.59% | 70,373 | 20.45% | 122,451 | 35.59% | 221 | 0.06% | 480 | 0.14% | 1 | 0% | 344,044 | 100% |
| Mandi State | 227,463 | 97.79% | 4,328 | 1.86% | 583 | 0.25% | 11 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 208 | 0.09% | 232,593 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 21,814 | 10.95% | 61,352 | 30.79% | 115,070 | 57.74% | 247 | 0.12% | 800 | 0.4% | 0 | 0% | 199,283 | 100% |
| Chamba State | 155,910 | 92.3% | 12,318 | 7.29% | 107 | 0.06% | 190 | 0.11% | 0 | 0% | 383 | 0.23% | 168,908 | 100% |
| Sirmoor State | 146,199 | 93.7% | 7,374 | 4.73% | 2,334 | 1.5% | 38 | 0.02% | 81 | 0.05% | 0 | 0% | 156,026 | 100% |
| Bilaspur State | 108,375 | 98.22% | 1,498 | 1.36% | 453 | 0.41% | 7 | 0.01% | 3 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 110,336 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 23,482 | 26.65% | 33,881 | 38.45% | 30,320 | 34.41% | 116 | 0.13% | 310 | 0.35% | 0 | 0% | 88,109 | 100% |
| Suket State | 69,974 | 98.43% | 884 | 1.24% | 234 | 0.33% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 71,092 | 100% |
| Kalsia State | 29,866 | 44.32% | 25,049 | 37.17% | 12,235 | 18.15% | 55 | 0.08% | 188 | 0.28% | 0 | 0% | 67,393 | 100% |
| Simla District | 29,466 | 76.38% | 7,022 | 18.2% | 1,032 | 2.68% | 934 | 2.42% | 114 | 0.3% | 8 | 0.02% | 38,576 | 100% |
| Dujana State | 23,727 | 77.37% | 6,939 | 22.63% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 30,666 | 100% |
| Loharu State | 23,923 | 85.77% | 3,960 | 14.2% | 7 | 0.03% | 2 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 27,892 | 100% |
| Pataudi State | 17,728 | 82.38% | 3,655 | 16.98% | 0 | 0% | 9 | 0.04% | 128 | 0.59% | 0 | 0% | 21,520 | 100% |
| Total | 7,963,083 | 46.95% | 5,237,584 | 30.88% | 3,586,073 | 21.14% | 117,155 | 0.69% | 35,955 | 0.21% | 19,908 | 0.12% | 16,959,758 | 100% |
| Territory comprises the contemporary subdivisions ofPunjab, India,Chandigarh,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. | ||||||||||||||
The religious demography according to the 1941 census for the region that comprises thecontemporary state of Punjab, India is also shown below, broken down by district and princely state with an overall total.
| District/ Princely State | Islam | Sikhism | Hinduism[k] | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 436,539 | 22.55% | 896,021 | 46.28% | 597,488 | 30.86% | 1,592 | 0.08% | 3,101 | 0.16% | 1,518 | 0.08% | 1,936,259 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 641,448 | 45.07% | 479,486 | 33.69% | 287,733 | 20.22% | 12,607 | 0.89% | 1,674 | 0.12% | 128 | 0.01% | 1,423,076 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 657,695 | 46.52% | 510,845 | 36.13% | 217,431 | 15.38% | 25,973 | 1.84% | 1,911 | 0.14% | 21 | 0% | 1,413,876 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 380,759 | 32.53% | 198,194 | 16.93% | 584,080 | 49.91% | 6,165 | 0.53% | 1,125 | 0.1% | 0 | 0% | 1,170,323 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 509,804 | 45.23% | 298,741 | 26.5% | 311,010 | 27.59% | 6,233 | 0.55% | 1,395 | 0.12% | 7 | 0% | 1,127,190 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 440,323 | 51.08% | 200,688 | 24.44% | 174,221 | 20.21% | 46,743 | 5.42% | 25 | 0% | 6 | 0% | 862,006 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 302,482 | 36.95% | 341,175 | 41.68% | 171,715 | 20.98% | 1,913 | 0.23% | 1,279 | 0.16% | 51 | 0.01% | 818,615 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 213,754 | 56.49% | 88,350 | 23.35% | 61,546 | 16.27% | 1,667 | 0.44% | 380 | 0.1% | 12,683 | 3.35% | 378,380 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 70,373 | 20.45% | 122,451 | 35.59% | 146,518 | 42.59% | 221 | 0.06% | 480 | 0.14% | 1 | 0% | 344,044 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 61,352 | 30.79% | 115,070 | 57.74% | 21,814 | 10.95% | 247 | 0.12% | 800 | 0.4% | 0 | 0% | 199,283 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 33,881 | 38.45% | 30,320 | 34.41% | 23,482 | 26.65% | 116 | 0.13% | 310 | 0.35% | 0 | 0% | 88,109 | 100% |
| Total | 3,748,410 | 38.42% | 3,281,341 | 33.63% | 2,597,038 | 26.62% | 103,477 | 1.06% | 12,480 | 0.13% | 14,415 | 0.15% | 9,757,161 | 100% |
| Note: Territory roughly comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, India. Certain regions that would ultimately form part of the contemporary state (Kharar andRupartehsils, alongside a portion ofKasur Tehsil includingPatti,Khemkaran, and 186 surrounding villages) are excluded from the data table above, while certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from the contemporary state (Una,Kandaghat,Mahendragarh, andNarwanatehsils) are included in the data table above. The demarcation an reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | ||||||||||||||
Prior topartition, the eastern portion of Punjab that was ultimately awarded to India following the demarcation of theRadcliffe Line was made into a new province –East Punjab. The area includes the contemporary states ofPunjab,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. Below is the religious demographics of this region broken down bydistrict andprincely state with an overall total as per the1931 Indian census.
| District/ Princely State | Hinduism[k] | Islam | Sikhism | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 623,597 | 38.36% | 363,920 | 22.39% | 632,972 | 38.94% | 1,449 | 0.09% | 3,578 | 0.22% | 4 | 0% | 1,625,520 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 244,688 | 21.15% | 515,430 | 44.56% | 388,108 | 33.55% | 7,070 | 0.61% | 1,411 | 0.12% | 25 | 0% | 1,156,732 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 174,556 | 15.63% | 524,676 | 46.97% | 399,951 | 35.8% | 16,619 | 1.49% | 1,272 | 0.11% | 46 | 0% | 1,117,120 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 526,182 | 50.98% | 328,078 | 31.78% | 173,147 | 16.77% | 3,764 | 0.36% | 1,016 | 0.1% | 0 | 0% | 1,032,187 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 268,822 | 28.49% | 419,556 | 44.46% | 249,571 | 26.45% | 4,323 | 0.46% | 1,379 | 0.15% | 70 | 0.01% | 943,721 | 100% |
| Hisar District | 583,429 | 64.86% | 253,784 | 28.21% | 55,169 | 6.13% | 1,107 | 0.12% | 5,988 | 0.67% | 2 | 0% | 899,479 | 100% |
| Karnal District | 570,297 | 66.89% | 259,730 | 30.46% | 16,928 | 1.99% | 1,469 | 0.17% | 4,190 | 0.49% | 0 | 0% | 852,614 | 100% |
| Rohtak District | 655,963 | 81.42% | 137,880 | 17.11% | 596 | 0.07% | 4,807 | 0.6% | 6,375 | 0.79% | 0 | 0% | 805,621 | 100% |
| Kangra District | 752,098 | 93.86% | 40,483 | 5.05% | 2,396 | 0.3% | 576 | 0.07% | 94 | 0.01% | 5,665 | 0.71% | 801,312 | 100% |
| Ambala District | 346,809 | 46.68% | 230,837 | 31.07% | 155,555 | 20.94% | 7,141 | 0.96% | 2,550 | 0.34% | 10 | 0% | 742,902 | 100% |
| Gurgaon District | 493,174 | 66.63% | 242,357 | 32.74% | 500 | 0.07% | 1,463 | 0.2% | 2,665 | 0.36% | 4 | 0% | 740,163 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 154,631 | 21.37% | 367,388 | 50.78% | 162,741 | 22.49% | 38,756 | 5.36% | 15 | 0% | 4 | 0% | 723,535 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 120,161 | 17.87% | 235,598 | 35.03% | 312,829 | 46.52% | 2,477 | 0.37% | 1,419 | 0.21% | 10 | 0% | 672,494 | 100% |
| Simla Hill States | 317,390 | 95.93% | 10,017 | 3.03% | 1,817 | 0.55% | 176 | 0.05% | 141 | 0.04% | 1,309 | 0.4% | 330,850 | 100% |
| Jind State | 243,561 | 75.02% | 46,002 | 14.17% | 33,290 | 10.25% | 210 | 0.06% | 1,613 | 0.5% | 0 | 0% | 324,676 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 64,319 | 20.31% | 179,251 | 56.59% | 72,177 | 22.79% | 983 | 0.31% | 27 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 316,757 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 132,354 | 46.02% | 57,393 | 19.96% | 97,452 | 33.89% | 66 | 0.02% | 309 | 0.11% | 0 | 0% | 287,574 | 100% |
| Mandi State | 199,935 | 96.37% | 6,351 | 3.06% | 899 | 0.43% | 141 | 0.07% | 0 | 0% | 139 | 0.07% | 207,465 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 20,855 | 12.69% | 49,912 | 30.37% | 92,880 | 56.51% | 167 | 0.1% | 550 | 0.33% | 0 | 0% | 164,364 | 100% |
| Sirmoor State | 139,031 | 93.58% | 7,020 | 4.73% | 2,413 | 1.62% | 52 | 0.04% | 52 | 0.04% | 0 | 0% | 148,568 | 100% |
| Chamba State | 135,254 | 92.09% | 10,839 | 7.38% | 112 | 0.08% | 94 | 0.06% | 3 | 0% | 568 | 0.39% | 146,870 | 100% |
| Bilaspur State | 99,023 | 98.05% | 1,458 | 1.44% | 507 | 0.5% | 6 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 100,994 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 21,252 | 25.58% | 31,417 | 37.82% | 28,982 | 34.89% | 135 | 0.16% | 1,286 | 1.55% | 0 | 0% | 83,072 | 100% |
| Kalsia State | 28,832 | 48.18% | 21,797 | 36.42% | 9,035 | 15.1% | 22 | 0.04% | 162 | 0.27% | 0 | 0% | 59,848 | 100% |
| Suket State | 57,616 | 98.64% | 733 | 1.25% | 44 | 0.08% | 1 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 14 | 0.02% | 58,408 | 100% |
| Simla District | 28,661 | 77.91% | 5,810 | 15.79% | 760 | 2.07% | 1,540 | 4.19% | 1 | 0% | 14 | 0.04% | 36,786 | 100% |
| Dujana State | 22,347 | 79.2% | 5,863 | 20.78% | 1 | 0% | 5 | 0.02% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 28,216 | 100% |
| Loharu State | 20,198 | 86.55% | 3,119 | 13.36% | 2 | 0.01% | 1 | 0% | 18 | 0.08% | 0 | 0% | 23,338 | 100% |
| Pataudi State | 15,596 | 82.64% | 3,168 | 16.79% | 1 | 0.01% | 3 | 0.02% | 105 | 0.56% | 0 | 0% | 18,873 | 100% |
| Total | 7,060,631 | 48.86% | 4,359,867 | 30.17% | 2,890,835 | 20.01% | 94,623 | 0.65% | 36,219 | 0.25% | 7,884 | 0.05% | 14,450,059 | 100% |
| Territory comprises the contemporary subdivisions ofPunjab, India,Chandigarh,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. | ||||||||||||||
The religious demography according to the 1931 census for the region that comprises thecontemporary state of Punjab, India is also shown below, broken down by district and princely state with an overall total.
| District/ Princely State | Islam | Sikhism | Hinduism[k] | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 363,920 | 22.39% | 632,972 | 38.94% | 623,597 | 38.36% | 1,449 | 0.09% | 3,578 | 0.22% | 4 | 0% | 1,625,520 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 515,430 | 44.56% | 388,108 | 33.55% | 244,688 | 21.15% | 7,070 | 0.61% | 1,411 | 0.12% | 25 | 0% | 1,156,732 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 524,676 | 46.97% | 399,951 | 35.8% | 174,556 | 15.63% | 16,619 | 1.49% | 1,272 | 0.11% | 46 | 0% | 1,117,120 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 328,078 | 31.78% | 173,147 | 16.77% | 526,182 | 50.98% | 3,764 | 0.36% | 1,016 | 0.1% | 0 | 0% | 1,032,187 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 419,556 | 44.46% | 249,571 | 26.45% | 268,822 | 28.49% | 4,323 | 0.46% | 1,379 | 0.15% | 70 | 0.01% | 943,721 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 367,388 | 50.78% | 162,741 | 22.49% | 154,631 | 21.37% | 38,756 | 5.36% | 15 | 0% | 4 | 0% | 723,535 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 235,598 | 35.03% | 312,829 | 46.52% | 120,161 | 17.87% | 2,477 | 0.37% | 1,419 | 0.21% | 10 | 0% | 672,494 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 179,251 | 56.59% | 72,177 | 22.79% | 64,319 | 20.31% | 983 | 0.31% | 27 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 316,757 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 57,393 | 19.96% | 97,452 | 33.89% | 132,354 | 46.02% | 66 | 0.02% | 309 | 0.11% | 0 | 0% | 287,574 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 49,912 | 30.37% | 92,880 | 56.51% | 20,855 | 12.69% | 167 | 0.1% | 550 | 0.33% | 0 | 0% | 164,364 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 31,417 | 37.82% | 28,982 | 34.89% | 21,252 | 25.58% | 135 | 0.16% | 1,286 | 1.55% | 0 | 0% | 83,072 | 100% |
| Total | 3,072,619 | 37.83% | 2,610,810 | 32.14% | 2,351,417 | 28.95% | 75,809 | 0.93% | 12,262 | 0.15% | 159 | 0.002% | 8,123,076 | 100% |
| Note: Territory roughly comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, India. Certain regions that would ultimately form part of the contemporary state (Kharar andRupartehsils, alongside a portion ofKasur Tehsil includingPatti,Khemkaran, and 186 surrounding villages) are excluded from the data table above, while certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from the contemporary state (Una,Kandaghat,Mahendragarh, andNarwanatehsils) are included in the data table above. The demarcation an reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | ||||||||||||||
Prior topartition, the eastern portion of Punjab that was ultimately awarded to India following the demarcation of theRadcliffe Line was made into a new province –East Punjab. The area includes the contemporary states ofPunjab,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. Below is the religious demographics of this region broken down bydistrict andprincely state with an overall total as per the1921 Indian census.
| District/ Princely State | Hinduism | Islam | Sikhism | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 642,055 | 42.81% | 330,341 | 22.03% | 522,675 | 34.85% | 1,395 | 0.09% | 3,249 | 0.22% | 24 | 0% | 1,499,739 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 306,350 | 27.89% | 482,540 | 43.94% | 302,761 | 27.57% | 5,365 | 0.49% | 1,211 | 0.11% | 21 | 0% | 1,098,248 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 204,435 | 22% | 423,724 | 45.59% | 287,004 | 30.88% | 12,773 | 1.37% | 1,375 | 0.15% | 63 | 0.01% | 929,374 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 500,339 | 53.95% | 289,298 | 31.19% | 132,958 | 14.34% | 3,745 | 0.4% | 1,079 | 0.12% | 0 | 0% | 927,419 | 100% |
| Karnal District | 573,224 | 69.17% | 235,618 | 28.43% | 12,280 | 1.48% | 3,382 | 0.41% | 4,222 | 0.51% | 0 | 0% | 828,726 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 244,995 | 29.79% | 366,586 | 44.57% | 206,130 | 25.06% | 4,088 | 0.5% | 736 | 0.09% | 9 | 0% | 822,544 | 100% |
| Hisar District | 548,351 | 67.13% | 215,943 | 26.44% | 45,615 | 5.58% | 1,024 | 0.13% | 5,874 | 0.72% | 3 | 0% | 816,810 | 100% |
| Rohtak District | 629,592 | 81.52% | 125,035 | 16.19% | 602 | 0.08% | 10,033 | 1.3% | 7,010 | 0.91% | 0 | 0% | 772,272 | 100% |
| Kangra District | 722,277 | 94.28% | 38,263 | 4.99% | 2,083 | 0.27% | 363 | 0.05% | 56 | 0.01% | 3,023 | 0.39% | 766,065 | 100% |
| Gurgaon District | 460,134 | 67.47% | 216,860 | 31.8% | 924 | 0.14% | 1,316 | 0.19% | 2,762 | 0.4% | 7 | 0% | 682,003 | 100% |
| Ambala District | 370,125 | 54.31% | 205,750 | 30.19% | 97,614 | 14.32% | 5,679 | 0.83% | 2,272 | 0.33% | 37 | 0.01% | 681,477 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 168,178 | 26.3% | 316,709 | 49.54% | 125,322 | 19.6% | 29,099 | 4.55% | 20 | 0% | 15 | 0% | 639,343 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 135,512 | 23.87% | 192,961 | 33.99% | 235,721 | 41.53% | 1,613 | 0.28% | 1,796 | 0.32% | 19 | 0% | 567,622 | 100% |
| Jind State | 234,721 | 76.16% | 43,251 | 14.03% | 28,026 | 9.09% | 637 | 0.21% | 1,548 | 0.5% | 0 | 0% | 308,183 | 100% |
| Simla Hill States | 292,768 | 95.45% | 9,551 | 3.11% | 2,040 | 0.67% | 164 | 0.05% | 142 | 0.05% | 2,053 | 0.67% | 306,718 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 58,412 | 20.55% | 160,457 | 56.44% | 64,074 | 22.54% | 1,100 | 0.39% | 228 | 0.08% | 4 | 0% | 284,275 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 133,870 | 50.84% | 50,756 | 19.27% | 78,389 | 29.77% | 41 | 0.02% | 278 | 0.11% | 0 | 0% | 263,334 | 100% |
| Mandi State | 181,358 | 98.01% | 3,462 | 1.87% | 142 | 0.08% | 10 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 76 | 0.04% | 185,048 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 38,610 | 25.63% | 44,813 | 29.74% | 66,658 | 44.24% | 107 | 0.07% | 473 | 0.31% | 0 | 0% | 150,661 | 100% |
| Chamba State | 130,489 | 91.98% | 10,529 | 7.42% | 242 | 0.17% | 63 | 0.04% | 3 | 0% | 541 | 0.38% | 141,867 | 100% |
| Nahan State | 132,431 | 94.29% | 6,449 | 4.59% | 1,449 | 1.03% | 44 | 0.03% | 65 | 0.05% | 10 | 0.01% | 140,448 | 100% |
| Bilaspur State | 96,000 | 97.96% | 1,559 | 1.59% | 437 | 0.45% | 4 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 98,000 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 29,459 | 36.68% | 28,413 | 35.37% | 21,828 | 27.18% | 37 | 0.05% | 585 | 0.73% | 0 | 0% | 80,322 | 100% |
| Kalsia State | 28,769 | 50.15% | 20,394 | 35.55% | 8,014 | 13.97% | 4 | 0.01% | 190 | 0.33% | 0 | 0% | 57,371 | 100% |
| Suket State | 53,625 | 98.71% | 659 | 1.21% | 44 | 0.08% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 54,328 | 100% |
| Simla District | 33,228 | 73.31% | 6,953 | 15.34% | 1,173 | 2.59% | 3,823 | 8.43% | 90 | 0.2% | 60 | 0.13% | 45,327 | 100% |
| Dujana State | 20,135 | 77.94% | 5,698 | 22.06% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 25,833 | 100% |
| Loharu State | 17,978 | 87.18% | 2,625 | 12.73% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 18 | 0.09% | 0 | 0% | 20,621 | 100% |
| Pataudi State | 15,090 | 83.38% | 2,898 | 16.01% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 109 | 0.6% | 0 | 0% | 18,097 | 100% |
| Total | 7,002,510 | 53% | 3,838,095 | 29.05% | 2,244,205 | 16.99% | 85,909 | 0.65% | 35,391 | 0.27% | 5,965 | 0.05% | 13,212,075 | 100% |
| Territory comprises the contemporary subdivisions ofPunjab, India,Chandigarh,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. | ||||||||||||||
The religious demography according to the 1921 census for the region that comprises thecontemporary state of Punjab, India is also shown below, broken down by district and princely state with an overall total.
| District/ Princely State | Islam | Hinduism | Sikhism | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 330,341 | 22.03% | 642,055 | 42.81% | 522,675 | 34.85% | 1,395 | 0.09% | 3,249 | 0.22% | 24 | 0% | 1,499,739 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 482,540 | 43.94% | 306,350 | 27.89% | 302,761 | 27.57% | 5,365 | 0.49% | 1,211 | 0.11% | 21 | 0% | 1,098,248 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 423,724 | 45.59% | 204,435 | 22% | 287,004 | 30.88% | 12,773 | 1.37% | 1,375 | 0.15% | 63 | 0.01% | 929,374 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 289,298 | 31.19% | 500,339 | 53.95% | 132,958 | 14.34% | 3,745 | 0.4% | 1,079 | 0.12% | 0 | 0% | 927,419 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 366,586 | 44.57% | 244,995 | 29.79% | 206,130 | 25.06% | 4,088 | 0.5% | 736 | 0.09% | 9 | 0% | 822,544 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 316,709 | 49.54% | 168,178 | 26.3% | 125,322 | 19.6% | 29,099 | 4.55% | 20 | 0% | 15 | 0% | 639,343 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 192,961 | 33.99% | 135,512 | 23.87% | 235,721 | 41.53% | 1,613 | 0.28% | 1,796 | 0.32% | 19 | 0% | 567,622 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 160,457 | 56.44% | 58,412 | 20.55% | 64,074 | 22.54% | 1,100 | 0.39% | 228 | 0.08% | 4 | 0% | 284,275 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 50,756 | 19.27% | 133,870 | 50.84% | 78,389 | 29.77% | 41 | 0.02% | 278 | 0.11% | 0 | 0% | 263,334 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 44,813 | 29.74% | 38,610 | 25.63% | 66,658 | 44.24% | 107 | 0.07% | 473 | 0.31% | 0 | 0% | 150,661 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 28,413 | 35.37% | 29,459 | 36.68% | 21,828 | 27.18% | 37 | 0.05% | 585 | 0.73% | 0 | 0% | 80,322 | 100% |
| Total | 2,686,598 | 36.99% | 2,462,215 | 33.9% | 2,043,520 | 28.14% | 59,363 | 0.82% | 11,030 | 0.15% | 155 | 0.002% | 7,262,881 | 100% |
| Note: Territory roughly comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, India. Certain regions that would ultimately form part of the contemporary state (Kharar andRupartehsils, alongside a portion ofKasur Tehsil includingPatti,Khemkaran, and 186 surrounding villages) are excluded from the data table above, while certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from the contemporary state (Una,Kandaghat,Mahendragarh, andNarwanatehsils) are included in the data table above. The demarcation an reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | ||||||||||||||
Prior topartition, the eastern portion of Punjab that was ultimately awarded to India following the demarcation of theRadcliffe Line was made into a new province –East Punjab. The area includes the contemporary states ofPunjab,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. Below is the religious demographics of this region broken down bydistrict andprincely state with an overall total as per the1911 Indian census.
| District/ Princely State | Hinduism | Islam | Sikhism | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 563,940 | 40.06% | 307,384 | 21.84% | 532,292 | 37.81% | 739 | 0.05% | 3,282 | 0.23% | 22 | 0% | 1,407,659 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 273,832 | 28.53% | 418,553 | 43.61% | 262,511 | 27.35% | 3,342 | 0.35% | 1,401 | 0.15% | 18 | 0% | 959,657 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 498,642 | 54.28% | 281,805 | 30.68% | 134,146 | 14.6% | 2,978 | 0.32% | 998 | 0.11% | 0 | 0% | 918,569 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 211,708 | 24.04% | 408,882 | 46.43% | 253,941 | 28.83% | 4,763 | 0.54% | 1,386 | 0.16% | 48 | 0.01% | 880,728 | 100% |
| Hisar District | 541,720 | 67.3% | 218,600 | 27.16% | 38,508 | 4.78% | 273 | 0.03% | 5,767 | 0.72% | 21 | 0% | 804,889 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 265,378 | 33.09% | 357,051 | 44.52% | 176,227 | 21.98% | 2,404 | 0.3% | 842 | 0.1% | 18 | 0% | 801,920 | 100% |
| Karnal District | 556,203 | 69.54% | 224,920 | 28.12% | 13,531 | 1.69% | 920 | 0.12% | 4,213 | 0.53% | 0 | 0% | 799,787 | 100% |
| Kangra District | 725,156 | 94.13% | 38,859 | 5.04% | 1,910 | 0.25% | 386 | 0.05% | 81 | 0.01% | 3,994 | 0.52% | 770,386 | 100% |
| Rohtak District | 450,549 | 83.21% | 86,076 | 15.9% | 161 | 0.03% | 334 | 0.06% | 4,369 | 0.81% | 0 | 0% | 541,489 | 100% |
| Ambala District | 380,592 | 55.16% | 205,203 | 29.74% | 94,471 | 13.69% | 7,483 | 1.08% | 2,187 | 0.32% | 34 | 0% | 689,970 | 100% |
| Delhi District | 469,561 | 71.4% | 171,745 | 26.12% | 2,985 | 0.45% | 5,693 | 0.87% | 7,539 | 1.15% | 81 | 0.01% | 657,604 | 100% |
| Gurgaon District | 421,885 | 65.59% | 217,237 | 33.78% | 342 | 0.05% | 782 | 0.12% | 2,921 | 0.45% | 10 | 0% | 643,177 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 190,965 | 30.49% | 304,860 | 48.67% | 110,525 | 17.65% | 19,879 | 3.17% | 73 | 0.01% | 22 | 0% | 626,324 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 131,370 | 25.4% | 176,043 | 34.04% | 207,042 | 40.03% | 888 | 0.17% | 1,849 | 0.36% | 0 | 0% | 517,192 | 100% |
| Simla Hill States | 386,953 | 95.7% | 11,374 | 2.81% | 2,911 | 0.72% | 224 | 0.06% | 172 | 0.04% | 2,709 | 0.67% | 404,343 | 100% |
| Jind State | 210,222 | 77.36% | 37,520 | 13.81% | 22,566 | 8.3% | 187 | 0.07% | 1,233 | 0.45% | 0 | 0% | 271,728 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 61,426 | 22.91% | 152,117 | 56.73% | 54,275 | 20.24% | 107 | 0.04% | 205 | 0.08% | 3 | 0% | 268,133 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 126,414 | 50.79% | 46,032 | 18.5% | 76,198 | 30.62% | 5 | 0% | 238 | 0.1% | 0 | 0% | 248,887 | 100% |
| Mandi State | 178,115 | 98.35% | 2,799 | 1.55% | 26 | 0.01% | 4 | 0% | 2 | 0% | 164 | 0.09% | 181,110 | 100% |
| Nahan State | 130,276 | 94.05% | 6,016 | 4.34% | 2,142 | 1.55% | 37 | 0.03% | 49 | 0.04% | 0 | 0% | 138,520 | 100% |
| Chamba State | 126,269 | 92.93% | 8,750 | 6.44% | 141 | 0.1% | 81 | 0.06% | 5 | 0% | 627 | 0.46% | 135,873 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 37,377 | 28.69% | 37,105 | 28.48% | 55,397 | 42.52% | 6 | 0% | 409 | 0.31% | 0 | 0% | 130,294 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 22,902 | 32.19% | 25,942 | 36.46% | 21,018 | 29.54% | 14 | 0.02% | 1,268 | 1.78% | 0 | 0% | 71,144 | 100% |
| Kalsia State | 30,640 | 54.8% | 18,820 | 33.66% | 6,258 | 11.19% | 31 | 0.06% | 160 | 0.29% | 0 | 0% | 55,909 | 100% |
| Suket State | 54,268 | 98.8% | 587 | 1.07% | 71 | 0.13% | 2 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 54,928 | 100% |
| Simla District | 29,047 | 73.87% | 5,820 | 14.8% | 693 | 1.76% | 3,666 | 9.32% | 49 | 0.12% | 45 | 0.11% | 39,320 | 100% |
| Dujana State | 20,161 | 79.11% | 5,324 | 20.89% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 25,485 | 100% |
| Pataudi State | 16,114 | 82.45% | 3,338 | 17.08% | 0 | 0% | 9 | 0.05% | 82 | 0.42% | 0 | 0% | 19,543 | 100% |
| Loharu State | 16,178 | 86.99% | 2,401 | 12.91% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 18 | 0.1% | 0 | 0% | 18,597 | 100% |
| Total | 7,127,863 | 54.48% | 3,781,163 | 28.9% | 2,070,288 | 15.82% | 55,237 | 0.42% | 40,798 | 0.31% | 7,816 | 0.06% | 13,083,165 | 100% |
| Territory comprises the contemporary subdivisions ofPunjab, India,Chandigarh,Haryana,Delhi, andHimachal Pradesh. | ||||||||||||||
The religious demography according to the 1911 census for the region that comprises thecontemporary state of Punjab, India is also shown below, broken down by district and princely state with an overall total.
| District/ Princely State | Islam | Hinduism | Sikhism | Christianity | Jainism | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 307,384 | 21.84% | 563,940 | 40.06% | 532,292 | 37.81% | 739 | 0.05% | 3,282 | 0.23% | 22 | 0% | 1,407,659 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 418,553 | 43.61% | 273,832 | 28.53% | 262,511 | 27.35% | 3,342 | 0.35% | 1,401 | 0.15% | 18 | 0% | 959,657 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 281,805 | 30.68% | 498,642 | 54.28% | 134,146 | 14.6% | 2,978 | 0.32% | 998 | 0.11% | 0 | 0% | 918,569 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 408,882 | 46.43% | 211,708 | 24.04% | 253,941 | 28.83% | 4,763 | 0.54% | 1,386 | 0.16% | 48 | 0.01% | 880,728 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 357,051 | 44.52% | 265,378 | 33.09% | 176,227 | 21.98% | 2,404 | 0.3% | 842 | 0.1% | 18 | 0% | 801,920 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 304,860 | 48.67% | 190,965 | 30.49% | 110,525 | 17.65% | 19,879 | 3.17% | 73 | 0.01% | 22 | 0% | 626,324 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 176,043 | 34.04% | 131,370 | 25.4% | 207,042 | 40.03% | 888 | 0.17% | 1,849 | 0.36% | 0 | 0% | 517,192 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 152,117 | 56.73% | 61,426 | 22.91% | 54,275 | 20.24% | 107 | 0.04% | 205 | 0.08% | 3 | 0% | 268,133 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 46,032 | 18.5% | 126,414 | 50.79% | 76,198 | 30.62% | 5 | 0% | 238 | 0.1% | 0 | 0% | 248,887 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 37,105 | 28.48% | 37,377 | 28.69% | 55,397 | 42.52% | 6 | 0% | 409 | 0.31% | 0 | 0% | 130,294 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 25,942 | 36.46% | 22,902 | 32.19% | 21,018 | 29.54% | 14 | 0.02% | 1,268 | 1.78% | 0 | 0% | 71,144 | 100% |
| Total | 2,515,774 | 36.83% | 2,383,954 | 34.9% | 1,883,572 | 27.58% | 35,125 | 0.51% | 11,951 | 0.17% | 131 | 0.002% | 6,830,507 | 100% |
| Note: Territory roughly comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, India. Certain regions that would ultimately form part of the contemporary state (Kharar andRupartehsils, alongside a portion ofKasur Tehsil includingPatti,Khemkaran, and 186 surrounding villages) are excluded from the data table above, while certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from the contemporary state (Una,Kandaghat,Mahendragarh, andNarwanatehsils) are included in the data table above. The demarcation an reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | ||||||||||||||
Prior topartition, the eastern portion of Punjab that was ultimately awarded to India following the demarcation of theRadcliffe Line was made into a new province –East Punjab. The area includes the contemporary states ofPunjab,Haryana, andHimachal Pradesh. Below is the religious demographics of this region broken down bydistrict andprincely state with an overall total as per the1901 Indian census.
| District/ Princely State | Hinduism | Islam | Sikhism | Jainism | Christianity | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 880,490 | 55.14% | 357,334 | 22.38% | 355,649 | 22.27% | 2,877 | 0.18% | 316 | 0.02% | 26 | 0% | 1,596,692 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 280,985 | 27.44% | 474,976 | 46.39% | 264,329 | 25.82% | 1,439 | 0.14% | 2,078 | 0.2% | 21 | 0% | 1,023,828 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 603,710 | 60.99% | 312,958 | 31.62% | 71,126 | 7.19% | 1,173 | 0.12% | 813 | 0.08% | 2 | 0% | 989,782 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 279,099 | 29.13% | 447,615 | 46.72% | 228,355 | 23.83% | 1,090 | 0.11% | 1,908 | 0.2% | 5 | 0% | 958,072 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 368,051 | 40.11% | 421,011 | 45.88% | 125,817 | 13.71% | 969 | 0.11% | 1,713 | 0.19% | 26 | 0% | 917,587 | 100% |
| Karnal District | 623,597 | 70.6% | 241,412 | 27.33% | 12,294 | 1.39% | 4,739 | 0.54% | 1,179 | 0.13% | 4 | 0% | 883,225 | 100% |
| Ambala District | 510,105 | 62.52% | 240,710 | 29.5% | 58,073 | 7.12% | 2,614 | 0.32% | 4,362 | 0.53% | 16 | 0% | 815,880 | 100% |
| Hisar District | 544,799 | 69.69% | 202,009 | 25.84% | 28,642 | 3.66% | 6,003 | 0.77% | 253 | 0.03% | 11 | 0% | 781,717 | 100% |
| Kangra District | 722,554 | 94.07% | 39,672 | 5.16% | 1,220 | 0.16% | 113 | 0.01% | 385 | 0.05% | 4,180 | 0.54% | 768,124 | 100% |
| Gurgaon District | 499,373 | 66.92% | 242,548 | 32.5% | 99 | 0.01% | 3,909 | 0.52% | 278 | 0.04% | 1 | 0% | 746,208 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 268,817 | 38.08% | 348,182 | 49.33% | 85,199 | 12.07% | 72 | 0.01% | 3,571 | 0.51% | 28 | 0% | 705,869 | 100% |
| Delhi District | 510,532 | 74.09% | 167,290 | 24.28% | 294 | 0.04% | 7,726 | 1.12% | 3,158 | 0.46% | 39 | 0.01% | 689,039 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 269,076 | 39.98% | 235,937 | 35.05% | 164,919 | 24.5% | 2,217 | 0.33% | 947 | 0.14% | 1 | 0% | 673,097 | 100% |
| Rohtak District | 533,723 | 84.63% | 91,687 | 14.54% | 94 | 0.01% | 5,087 | 0.81% | 80 | 0.01% | 1 | 0% | 630,672 | 100% |
| Simla Hill States | 373,886 | 96.03% | 11,535 | 2.96% | 1,318 | 0.34% | 274 | 0.07% | 113 | 0.03% | 2,223 | 0.57% | 389,349 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 93,652 | 29.79% | 178,326 | 56.73% | 42,101 | 13.39% | 226 | 0.07% | 39 | 0.01% | 7 | 0% | 314,351 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 160,553 | 53.89% | 58,550 | 19.65% | 78,361 | 26.3% | 476 | 0.16% | 7 | 0% | 2 | 0% | 297,949 | 100% |
| Jind State | 211,963 | 75.16% | 38,717 | 13.73% | 29,975 | 10.63% | 1,258 | 0.45% | 80 | 0.03% | 10 | 0% | 282,003 | 100% |
| Mandi State | 170,304 | 97.85% | 3,187 | 1.83% | 41 | 0.02% | 0 | 0% | 3 | 0% | 510 | 0.29% | 174,045 | 100% |
| Nahan State | 128,478 | 94.69% | 6,414 | 4.73% | 688 | 0.51% | 61 | 0.04% | 46 | 0.03% | 0 | 0% | 135,687 | 100% |
| Chamba State | 119,327 | 93.35% | 8,332 | 6.52% | 80 | 0.06% | 3 | 0% | 70 | 0.05% | 22 | 0.02% | 127,834 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 35,778 | 28.64% | 35,996 | 28.82% | 52,721 | 42.21% | 406 | 0.33% | 11 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 124,912 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 38,409 | 49.56% | 27,229 | 35.13% | 10,495 | 13.54% | 1,361 | 1.76% | 12 | 0.02% | 0 | 0% | 77,506 | 100% |
| Kalsia State | 38,626 | 57.5% | 21,921 | 32.63% | 6,453 | 9.61% | 181 | 0.27% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 67,181 | 100% |
| Suket State | 54,005 | 98.77% | 665 | 1.22% | 6 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 54,676 | 100% |
| Simla District | 30,299 | 75.09% | 6,675 | 16.54% | 544 | 1.35% | 32 | 0.08% | 2,798 | 6.93% | 3 | 0.01% | 40,351 | 100% |
| Dujana State | 18,380 | 76.03% | 5,790 | 23.95% | 4 | 0.02% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 24,174 | 100% |
| Pataudi State | 18,281 | 83.35% | 3,549 | 16.18% | 0 | 0% | 103 | 0.47% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 21,933 | 100% |
| Loharu State | 13,254 | 87.03% | 1,963 | 12.89% | 0 | 0% | 12 | 0.08% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 15,229 | 100% |
| Total | 8,400,106 | 58.63% | 4,232,190 | 29.54% | 1,618,897 | 11.3% | 44,421 | 0.31% | 24,220 | 0.17% | 7,138 | 0.05% | 14,326,972 | 100% |
| Territory comprises the contemporary subdivisions ofPunjab, India,Chandigarh,Haryana,Delhi, andHimachal Pradesh. | ||||||||||||||
The religious demography according to the 1901 census for the region that comprises thecontemporary state of Punjab, India is also shown below, broken down by district and princely state with an overall total.
| District/ Princely State | Hinduism | Islam | Sikhism | Jainism | Christianity | Others[f] | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| Patiala State | 880,490 | 55.14% | 357,334 | 22.38% | 355,649 | 22.27% | 2,877 | 0.18% | 316 | 0.02% | 26 | 0% | 1,596,692 | 100% |
| Amritsar District | 280,985 | 27.44% | 474,976 | 46.39% | 264,329 | 25.82% | 1,439 | 0.14% | 2,078 | 0.2% | 21 | 0% | 1,023,828 | 100% |
| Hoshiarpur District | 603,710 | 60.99% | 312,958 | 31.62% | 71,126 | 7.19% | 1,173 | 0.12% | 813 | 0.08% | 2 | 0% | 989,782 | 100% |
| Firozpur District | 279,099 | 29.13% | 447,615 | 46.72% | 228,355 | 23.83% | 1,090 | 0.11% | 1,908 | 0.2% | 5 | 0% | 958,072 | 100% |
| Jalandhar District | 368,051 | 40.11% | 421,011 | 45.88% | 125,817 | 13.71% | 969 | 0.11% | 1,713 | 0.19% | 26 | 0% | 917,587 | 100% |
| Gurdaspur District[m] | 268,817 | 38.08% | 348,182 | 49.33% | 85,199 | 12.07% | 72 | 0.01% | 3,571 | 0.51% | 28 | 0% | 705,869 | 100% |
| Ludhiana District | 269,076 | 39.98% | 235,937 | 35.05% | 164,919 | 24.5% | 2,217 | 0.33% | 947 | 0.14% | 1 | 0% | 673,097 | 100% |
| Kapurthala State | 93,652 | 29.79% | 178,326 | 56.73% | 42,101 | 13.39% | 226 | 0.07% | 39 | 0.01% | 7 | 0% | 314,351 | 100% |
| Nabha State | 160,553 | 53.89% | 58,550 | 19.65% | 78,361 | 26.3% | 476 | 0.16% | 7 | 0% | 2 | 0% | 297,949 | 100% |
| Faridkot State | 35,778 | 28.64% | 35,996 | 28.82% | 52,721 | 42.21% | 406 | 0.33% | 11 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 124,912 | 100% |
| Malerkotla State | 38,409 | 49.56% | 27,229 | 35.13% | 10,495 | 13.54% | 1,361 | 1.76% | 12 | 0.02% | 0 | 0% | 77,506 | 100% |
| Total | 3,278,620 | 42.69% | 2,898,114 | 37.74% | 1,479,072 | 19.26% | 12,306 | 0.16% | 11,415 | 0.15% | 118 | 0.002% | 7,679,645 | 100% |
| Note: Territory roughly comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, India. Certain regions that would ultimately form part of the contemporary state (Kharar andRupartehsils, alongside a portion ofKasur Tehsil includingPatti,Khemkaran, and 186 surrounding villages) are excluded from the data table above, while certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from the contemporary state (Una,Kandaghat,Mahendragarh, andNarwanatehsils) are included in the data table above. The demarcation an reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | ||||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 1,479,072 | — |
| 1911 | 1,883,572 | +2.45% |
| 1921 | 2,043,520 | +0.82% |
| 1931 | 2,610,810 | +2.48% |
| 1941 | 3,281,341 | +2.31% |
| 1951 | 5,553,918 | +5.40% |
| 1961 | 6,178,516 | +1.07% |
| 1971 | 8,160,232 | +2.82% |
| 1981 | 10,199,534 | +2.26% |
| 1991 | 12,768,393 | +2.27% |
| 2001 | 14,592,868 | +1.34% |
| 2011 | 16,004,754 | +0.93% |
| Source:census of India[a][b][c][d][e][64][65] | ||
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Sikhism was born in the Punjab area of South Asia, which now falls into the present day states of India and Pakistan. The main religions of the area at the time were Hinduism and Islam.The Sikh faith began around 1500 CE, when Guru Nanak began teaching a faith that was quite distinct from Hinduism and Islam. Nine Gurus followed Nanak and developed the Sikh faith and community over the next centuries.[66]
After the 1947Partition of Punjab, Sikhs became the majority religious group in Indian Punjab mainly due to the immigration of 2 millionSikhs from Pakistan intoIndian Punjab, which have ultimately resulted in an increase in Sikh percentage from 33.70% in 1941 to 60.62% in 1951.[64][65][67]While population that adheres to Sikh faith has increased, the percentage of Sikhs has declined from 60.62% in 1951 to 57.69% (a decline of 2.93% in last 60 years).
The Sikh population in India's Punjab have grown from 5.53 million in 1951 to 16 million in 2011 census (an increase of 10.47 million in last 60 years).Sikhs inPunjab have the lowest fertility rate of 1.6 children per women as per census 2011.[68]
Whilst Punjab, India has had a majority Sikh population for decades, recent statistics point toward a demographic decline of Sikhs in the state. School data from the Civil Registration System (CRS) shows that Sikh children are now a plurality (49%) at the foundational-level (pre-primary to Class II in the age group of 3–8-years-old). The causes for the demographic decline of Sikhs in Indian Punjab has been attributed to low fertility-rates, outbound migration of Sikhs abroad, and internal migration within India of persons from other states, oftentimes Uttar Pradesh or Bihar, settling in Indian Punjab.[69]
| Year | Percent | Increase | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 19.26%* | N/a | [a] |
| 1911 | 27.58%* | +8.32% | [b] |
| 1921 | 28.14%* | +0.56% | [c] |
| 1931 | 32.14%* | +4.00% | [d] |
| 1941 | 33.63%* | +1.49% | [e] |
| 1951 | 55.65%* | +22.02% | [54][j] |
| 1961 | 52.76%* | -2.89% | [51][52][h] |
| 1971 | 60.22% | +7.46% | [50] |
| 1981 | 60.75% | +0.53% | [citation needed] |
| 1991 | 62.95% | +2.2% | [citation needed] |
| 2001 | 59.91% | -3.04% | [citation needed] |
| 2011 | 57.69% | -2.22% | [citation needed] |
| * - Note: 1901 to 1941 census statistics include certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from contemporary Punjab state (Una,Kandaghat,Mahendragarh, andNarwanatehsils), while certain regions that would form part of contemporary Punjab state (Kharar andRupartehsils, alongside a portion ofKasur Tehsil includingPatti,Khemkaran, and 186 surrounding villages) are excluded. Likewise, 1951 & 1961 census statistics include certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from contemporary Punjab state (Una,Jind, andNarwanatehsils), while certain regions that would form part of contemporary Punjab state (Kharar andRupartehsils) are excluded. The demarcation and reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | |||
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 3,278,620 | — |
| 1911 | 2,383,954 | −3.14% |
| 1921 | 2,462,215 | +0.32% |
| 1931 | 2,351,417 | −0.46% |
| 1941 | 2,597,038 | +1.00% |
| 1951 | 3,449,844 | +2.88% |
| 1961 | 4,256,936 | +2.12% |
| 1971 | 5,087,067 | +1.80% |
| 1981 | 6,200,146 | +2.00% |
| 1991 | 6,989,166 | +1.21% |
| 2001 | 8,998,214 | +2.56% |
| 2011 | 10,678,410 | +1.73% |
| Source:census of India[a][b][c][d][e][64][65][70] | ||
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Hinduism is the second largest and fastest growing religion in the Indian state of Punjab with around 38.5% followers as of 2011 census. Hinduism is the 2nd largest religion of Punjabi peoples. It was the largest religion in Punjab before the advent of Islam from the West and birth of Sikhism inPunjab region from the east.[71] The Hindu population has increased drastically in the Indian Punjab from 1941 to 1951 mainly due to the immigration of 1 million Punjabi Hindu refugees from Pakistan's Punjab.[72]
The Hindu percentage remained stable for decades. The Hindu percentage have increased from 37.66% in 1951 to 38.49% in 2011.
The Hindu population have increased from 3.44 million in 1951 to 10.67 million in 2011 (a growth of 7.23 million in 6 decades). Hindus in Punjab have a fertility rate of 1.9 children per women as per as census 2011.[73]
| Year | Percent | Increase | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 42.69%* | N/a | [a] |
| 1911 | 34.90%* | -7.79% | [b] |
| 1921 | 33.90%* | -1.00% | [c] |
| 1931 | 28.95%* | -4.95% | [d] |
| 1941 | 26.62%* | -2.33% | [e] |
| 1951 | 42.27%* | +15.65% | [54][j] |
| 1961 | 44.95%* | +2.68% | [51][52][h] |
| 1971 | 37.54% | -7.41% | [50] |
| 1981 | 36.93% | -0.61% | [citation needed] |
| 1991 | 34.46% | -2.47% | [citation needed] |
| 2001 | 36.94% | +2.48% | [citation needed] |
| 2011 | 38.49% | +1.55% | [citation needed] |
| * - Note: 1901 to 1941 census statistics include certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from contemporary Punjab state (Una,Kandaghat,Mahendragarh, andNarwanatehsils), while certain regions that would form part of contemporary Punjab state (Kharar andRupartehsils, alongside a portion ofKasur Tehsil includingPatti,Khemkaran, and 186 surrounding villages) are excluded. Likewise, 1951 & 1961 census statistics include certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from contemporary Punjab state (Una,Jind, andNarwanatehsils), while certain regions that would form part of contemporary Punjab state (Kharar andRupartehsils) are excluded. The demarcation and reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | |||
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 2,898,114 | — |
| 1911 | 2,515,774 | −1.40% |
| 1921 | 2,686,598 | +0.66% |
| 1931 | 3,072,619 | +1.35% |
| 1941 | 3,748,410 | +2.01% |
| 1947 | 90,172 | −46.27% |
| 1951 | 110,160 | +5.13% |
| 1961 | 181,234 | +5.10% |
| 1971 | 252,688 | +3.38% |
| 1981 | 321,287 | +2.43% |
| 1991 | 390,077 | +1.96% |
| 2001 | 382,045 | −0.21% |
| 2011 | 535,489 | +3.43% |
| Source:Census of India[a][b][c][d][e] | ||
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The Muslim population in the region that comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, India reduced from approximately 38.4% according to the 1941 census[e] to 0.5% in 1947 as a result ofPartition of Punjab riots which were caused during 1947 mainly in the various parts ofEast Punjab.
Prior to partition, according to the 1941 census, approximately 3.75 million Muslims resided in the region that forms the contemporary state of Punjab in India.[e] At the time, Muslims formed the largest religious community in the region, comprising a narrow plurality at approximately 38.4 percent of the total population.[e] Following thepartition of India, the vast majority departed the regionen masse, migrating westward to the Punjab region that fell on the western side of the Radcliffe Line, in the contemporary state of Punjab, Pakistan.
Most nativePunjabi Muslims now live inMalerkotla, and it is the only district where communal violence haven't occurred during partition because GuruGobind Singh Ji have promised the Nawab of Malerkotla,Sher Mohammad Khan that the Muslim community in Malerkotla would never be harmed in the future times to come and as a result of Guru ji's blessing words, most of the Muslims were able to stayed back there.[74][75] Apart from Malerkotla, most of the Muslims living in other parts of Punjab are non-native and have came from neighbouring states ofUttar Pradesh,Haryana,Rajasthan,Jammu & Kashmir on temporary basis as immigrants workers (small scale) and students.
Muslims inPunjab have a fertility rate of 2.4 children per women as per 2011 census.[73] Islam is the fastest-growing religion in Punjab.[76]
| Year | Percent | Increase | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 37.74%* | N/a | [a] |
| 1911 | 36.83%* | -0.91% | [b] |
| 1921 | 36.99%* | +0.16% | [c] |
| 1931 | 37.83%* | +0.84% | [d] |
| 1941 | 38.42%* | +0.59% | [e] |
| 1947 | 0.5%* | -37.92% | [citation needed] |
| 1951 | 0.85%* | +0.35% | [54][j] |
| 1961 | 0.85%* | +0.00% | [51][52][h] |
| 1971 | 0.84% | -0.01% | [50] |
| 1981 | 1% | +0.07% | [citation needed] |
| 1991 | 1.18% | +0.18% | [citation needed] |
| 2001 | 1.57% | +0.39% | [citation needed] |
| 2011 | 1.93% | +0.36% | [citation needed] |
| * - Note: 1901 to 1941 census statistics include certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from contemporary Punjab state (Una,Kandaghat,Mahendragarh, andNarwanatehsils), while certain regions that would form part of contemporary Punjab state (Kharar andRupartehsils, alongside a portion ofKasur Tehsil includingPatti,Khemkaran, and 186 surrounding villages) are excluded. Likewise, 1951 & 1961 census statistics include certain regions that would ultimately be bifurcated from contemporary Punjab state (Una,Jind, andNarwanatehsils), while certain regions that would form part of contemporary Punjab state (Kharar andRupartehsils) are excluded. The demarcation and reorganization of boundaries in contemporary Punjab state occurred in 1966, officially termedPunjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. | |||
| # | District | Sikh | Hindu | Muslim | Christian | Jain | Buddhist | Other religions | Religion not stated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amritsar | 1,716,935 | 690,939 | 12,502 | 54,344 | 3,152 | 876 | 5,488 | 10,864 |
| 2 | Barnala | 467,751 | 112,859 | 13,100 | 622 | 246 | 108 | 481 | 360 |
| 3 | Bathinda | 984,286 | 380,569 | 16,299 | 2,474 | 1,266 | 246 | 559 | 2,826 |
| 4 | Faridkot | 469,789 | 141,363 | 3,125 | 1,227 | 1,109 | 155 | 103 | 637 |
| 5 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 427,521 | 152,851 | 16,808 | 1,698 | 178 | 48 | 251 | 808 |
| 6 | Firozpur | 1,090,815 | 906,408 | 6,844 | 19,358 | 1,143 | 454 | 278 | 3,774 |
| 7 | Gurdaspur | 1,002,874 | 1,074,332 | 27,667 | 176,587 | 580 | 405 | 812 | 15,066 |
| 8 | Hoshiarpur | 538,208 | 1,000,743 | 23,089 | 14,968 | 2034 | 3,476 | 531 | 3,576 |
| 9 | Jalandhar | 718,363 | 1,394,329 | 30,233 | 26,016 | 4,011 | 11,385 | 805 | 8,448 |
| 10 | Kapurthala | 453,692 | 336,124 | 10,190 | 5,445 | 553 | 6,662 | 334 | 2,168 |
| 11 | Ludhiana | 1,863,408 | 1,502,403 | 77,713 | 16,517 | 19,620 | 2,007 | 1,254 | 15,817 |
| 12 | Mansa | 598,443 | 156,539 | 10,656 | 917 | 1,577 | 123 | 493 | 1,284 |
| 13 | Moga | 818,921 | 158,414 | 9,388 | 3,277 | 436 | 178 | 365 | 4,767 |
| 14 | Muktsar | 638,625 | 254,920 | 4,333 | 1,681 | 744 | 240 | 433 | 920 |
| 15 | Patiala | 1,059,944 | 783,306 | 40,043 | 5,683 | 1,914 | 245 | 1,410 | 3,141 |
| 16 | Rupnagar | 361,045 | 304,481 | 14,492 | 2,094 | 653 | 118 | 143 | 1,601 |
| 17 | Mohali | 478,908 | 476,276 | 29,488 | 5,342 | 1,257 | 257 | 239 | 2,861 |
| 18 | Sangrur | 1,077,438 | 389,410 | 179,116 | 2,406 | 3,222 | 268 | 1,038 | 2,271 |
| 19 | Nawanshehar | 192,885 | 401,368 | 6,829 | 1,479 | 695 | 5,885 | 266 | 2,903 |
| 20 | Tarn Taran | 1,044,903 | 60,504 | 3,855 | 6,095 | 650 | 101 | 47 | 3,472 |
Punjab (Total) | 16,004,754 | 10,678,138 | 535,489 | 348,230 | 45,040 | 33,237 | 10,886 | 87,564 | |
| # | District | Sikh | Hindu | Muslim | Christian | Jain | Buddhist | Other religions | Religion not stated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amritsar | 68.94% | 27.74% | 0.50% | 2.18% | 0.13% | 0.04% | 0.04% | 0.44% |
| 2 | Barnala | 78.54% | 18.95% | 2.20% | 0.10% | 0.04% | 0.02% | 0.08% | 0.06% |
| 3 | Bathinda | 70.89% | 27.41% | 1.17% | 0.18% | 0.09% | 0.02% | 0.04% | 0.20% |
| 4 | Faridkot | 76.08% | 22.89% | 0.51% | 0.20% | 0.18% | 0.03% | 0.02% | 0.10% |
| 5 | Fatehgarh Sahib | 71.23% | 25.47% | 2.80% | 0.28% | 0.03% | 0.01% | 0.04% | 0.13% |
| 6 | Firozpur | 53.76% | 44.67% | 0.34% | 0.95% | 0.06% | 0.02% | 0.01% | 0.19% |
| 7 | Gurdaspur | 43.64% | 46.74% | 1.20% | 7.68% | 0.03% | 0.02% | 0.04% | 0.66% |
| 8 | Hoshiarpur | 33.92% | 63.07% | 1.46% | 0.94% | 0.13% | 0.22% | 0.03% | 0.23% |
| 9 | Jalandhar | 32.75% | 63.56% | 1.38% | 1.19% | 0.18% | 0.52% | 0.04% | 0.39% |
| 10 | Kapurthala | 55.66% | 41.23% | 1.25% | 0.67% | 0.07% | 0.82% | 0.04% | 0.27% |
| 11 | Ludhiana | 53.26% | 42.94% | 2.22% | 0.47% | 0.56% | 0.06% | 0.04% | 0.45% |
| 12 | Mansa | 77.75% | 20.34% | 1.35% | 0.12% | 0.20% | 0.02% | 0.06% | 0.17% |
| 13 | Moga | 82.24% | 15.91% | 0.94% | 0.33% | 0.04% | 0.02% | 0.04% | 0.48% |
| 14 | Muktsar | 70.81% | 28.26% | 0.48% | 0.19% | 0.08% | 0.03% | 0.05% | 0.10% |
| 15 | Patiala | 55.91% | 41.32% | 2.11% | 0.30% | 0.10% | 0.01% | 0.07% | 0.17% |
| 16 | Rupnagar | 52.74% | 44.47% | 2.12% | 0.31% | 0.10% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.23% |
| 17 | Mohali | 48.15% | 47.88% | 2.96% | 0.54% | 0.13% | 0.03% | 0.02% | 0.29% |
| 18 | Sangrur | 65.10% | 23.53% | 10.82% | 0.15% | 0.19% | 0.02% | 0.06% | 0.14% |
| 19 | Nawanshehar | 31.50% | 65.55% | 1.12% | 0.24% | 0.11% | 0.96% | 0.04% | 0.47% |
| 20 | Tarn Taran | 93.33% | 5.40% | 0.34% | 0.54% | 0.06% | 0.01% | 0.00% | 0.31% |
Punjab (Total) | 57.69% | 38.49% | 1.93% | 1.26% | 0.16% | 0.12% | 0.04% | 0.32% | |
The highest SC population, 31.9 per cent of the state's total number, is in Punjab
| Topics |  | |
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| Administration | ||
| Culture |
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| Divisions |
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| Districts | ||
| Major cities | ||