Del Rio, Texas | |
|---|---|
 City Hall | |
 Logo | |
 Location of Del Rio, Texas | |
| Coordinates:29°22′15″N100°52′48″W / 29.37083°N 100.88000°W /29.37083; -100.88000 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Texas |
| County | Val Verde |
| Government | |
| • Type | Council-Manager |
| Area | |
• Total | 20.51 sq mi (53.12 km2) |
| • Land | 20.44 sq mi (52.94 km2) |
| • Water | 0.069 sq mi (0.18 km2) |
| Elevation | 984 ft (300 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 34,673 |
| • Density | 1,749.6/sq mi (675.53/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CST) |
| ZIP code | 78840-78843, 78847 |
| Area code | 830 |
| FIPS code | 48-19792 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2410316[1] |
| Website | CityOfDelRio.com |
Del Rio (inSpanish,Del Río, "from the river") is a city in and thecounty seat ofVal Verde County[2] in southwesternTexas, United States. As of2020, Del Rio had a population of 34,673.[3][4]
The Spanish established a small settlement south of theRio Grande in present-day Mexico, and some Spanish colonists settled on the north side of the Rio Grande as early as the 18th century.
The United States acquired the territory following the Mexican War and, after the American Civil War,Paula Losoya Taylor in 1862 was the first Anglo-American to build ahacienda in the area.[5]
San Felipe Springs, about 8 mi (13 km) east of the Rio Grande on the U.S. side of the border, has historically produced 90×10^6 US gal (340,000 m3) of water a day. This was critical to the arid region. Developers acquired several thousand acres of land adjacent to the springs, and toSan Felipe Creek formed by the springs, from the state of Texas in exchange for building a canal system to irrigate the area.
The developers sold tracts of land surrounding the canals to recover their investment and show a profit. The initial investors (William C. Adams, Joseph M. Hudson, John P. Grove, Donald Jackson, John Perry, Joseph Ney, Randolph Pafford, A. O. Strickland, and James H Taylor) formed the San Felipe Agricultural, Manufacturing, and Irrigation Company in 1868. The organization completed construction of a network of irrigation canals in 1871 to support agriculture. Residents referred to the slowly developing town as San Felipe Del Rio. Local lore among theTejanos said the name came from early Spanish explorers, who offered a mass at the site on St. Philip's Day, 1635.
In 1883, local residents requested a post office be established. The United States Postal Department shortened "San Felipe del Rio" to "Del Rio" to avoid confusion with San Felipe de Austin. In 1885, Val Verde County was organized and Del Rio was designated as the county seat. The City of Del Rio was incorporated on November 15, 1911.
The San Felipe community was started by the Arteaga family. Arteaga Street and Arteaga Park are named after them. Together the communities are still part of a rural region.
Ranchers and farmers recruited Mexican workers during the early decades of the 20th century, especially during World War II, when so many American men were at war. After the war, the government withdrew visas and deported workers, including some who were citizens, as well as children born here.
Like many border communities, Del Rio has been affected in the early 21st century by migrants arriving from Mexico, Central and South America. Migrants from the Caribbean have also crossed the border here.
In September 2021, approximately 30,000Haitian migrants crossed the border at Del Rio.[6] TheUnited States Border Patrol moved many to a camp underneath theDel Río–Ciudad Acuña International Bridge.[6] The squalid conditions in the camp attracted widespread national attention.[6]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 52.3 km2 (20.2 sq mi), of which 52.2 km2 (20.2 sq mi) are land and 0.1 km2 (0.039 sq mi), or 0.24%, is covered by water.[7]
Del Rio lies on the northwestern edges of theTamaulipan mezquital, also called the South Texas brush country. It is also near the southwestern corner of theEdwards Plateau, which is the western fringe of the famous, oak savanna-coveredTexas Hill Country; that area is dotted with numerous small springs; one of these is the San Felipe Springs, which provides a constant flow of water to San Felipe Creek. The creek supplied fresh water for drinking and irrigation to early settlers of Del Rio, and the springs are still the town's water supply.
The Del Rio region, to just west of thePecos River, has a mix of desert shrub and steppe vegetation depending on soil type, with the gray-leafed cenizo (Leucophyllum spp.), several different acacias, cacti, and grama grasses dominant members of local flora. The terrain is mostly level, but some areas are dissected with substantial canyons and drainages, though none of the upland areas are elevated enough to be considered mountains.
Del Rio experiences ahot semi-arid climate (KöppenBSh) with mild winters and hot, humid summers. High dewpoint temperatures occur during much of the warmer months, due to the terrain and prevailing surface winds from the southeast. In the spring and fall seasons, severe thunderstorms often build on theSerranías del Burro to the distant west of Del Rio, occasionally affecting Del Rio and uplands to the north. This occurs due to the uplift of moisture from the Gulf of Mexico which is channeled along the Rio Grande, combined with intense heating of lowland areas or frontal and dryline activity.[8] Temperatures peak in late summer and then quickly drop during autumn.
| Climate data forDel Rio International Airport, Texas (1991–2020 normals,[a] extremes 1905–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 92 (33) | 99 (37) | 103 (39) | 107 (42) | 112 (44) | 115 (46) | 112 (44) | 113 (45) | 110 (43) | 106 (41) | 96 (36) | 91 (33) | 115 (46) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 81.4 (27.4) | 87.4 (30.8) | 92.1 (33.4) | 97.9 (36.6) | 102.0 (38.9) | 103.3 (39.6) | 104.4 (40.2) | 104.1 (40.1) | 100.2 (37.9) | 94.6 (34.8) | 85.4 (29.7) | 80.0 (26.7) | 106.9 (41.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 67.5 (19.7) | 72.7 (22.6) | 80.1 (26.7) | 87.0 (30.6) | 93.1 (33.9) | 98.4 (36.9) | 100.4 (38.0) | 101.0 (38.3) | 93.8 (34.3) | 85.6 (29.8) | 74.8 (23.8) | 67.8 (19.9) | 85.2 (29.5) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 55.6 (13.1) | 60.5 (15.8) | 68.1 (20.1) | 74.9 (23.8) | 82.1 (27.8) | 87.7 (30.9) | 89.5 (31.9) | 89.9 (32.2) | 83.5 (28.6) | 74.8 (23.8) | 63.7 (17.6) | 56.1 (13.4) | 73.9 (23.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 43.6 (6.4) | 48.4 (9.1) | 56.1 (13.4) | 62.8 (17.1) | 71.1 (21.7) | 77.0 (25.0) | 78.7 (25.9) | 78.8 (26.0) | 73.3 (22.9) | 64.1 (17.8) | 52.5 (11.4) | 44.3 (6.8) | 62.6 (17.0) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 26.9 (−2.8) | 29.8 (−1.2) | 35.2 (1.8) | 43.8 (6.6) | 55.0 (12.8) | 67.0 (19.4) | 70.4 (21.3) | 70.5 (21.4) | 58.2 (14.6) | 42.8 (6.0) | 33.1 (0.6) | 27.4 (−2.6) | 24.4 (−4.2) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 12 (−11) | 11 (−12) | 19 (−7) | 33 (1) | 45 (7) | 49 (9) | 63 (17) | 60 (16) | 43 (6) | 28 (−2) | 17 (−8) | 10 (−12) | 10 (−12) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 0.61 (15) | 0.63 (16) | 1.18 (30) | 1.50 (38) | 3.06 (78) | 2.32 (59) | 1.48 (38) | 2.69 (68) | 2.63 (67) | 2.08 (53) | 0.91 (23) | 0.70 (18) | 19.79 (503) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.25) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 3.9 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 5.2 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 58.7 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.1 in) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Source 1: NOAA[9] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: National Weather Service[10] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 50 | — | |
| 1890 | 1,980 | 3,860.0% | |
| 1900 | 2,098 | 6.0% | |
| 1910 | 5,688 | 171.1% | |
| 1920 | 10,589 | 86.2% | |
| 1930 | 11,693 | 10.4% | |
| 1940 | 13,343 | 14.1% | |
| 1950 | 14,211 | 6.5% | |
| 1960 | 18,612 | 31.0% | |
| 1970 | 21,330 | 14.6% | |
| 1980 | 30,034 | 40.8% | |
| 1990 | 30,705 | 2.2% | |
| 2000 | 33,867 | 10.3% | |
| 2010 | 35,591 | 5.1% | |
| 2020 | 34,673 | −2.6% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census [1] | |||
As of the2020 census, Del Rio had a population of 34,673, 11,648 households, and 8,898 families residing in the city.[11]
The median age was 35.3 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18 and 16.0% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 98.0 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 96.6 males age 18 and over.[11]
99.1% of residents lived in urban areas, while 0.9% lived in rural areas.[12]
There were 11,648 households in Del Rio, of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 48.2% were married-couple households, 17.0% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 30.0% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[11]
There were 13,041 housing units, of which 10.7% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4% and the rental vacancy rate was 8.8%.[11]
| Race | Number | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| White | 15,264 | 44.0% |
| Black or African American | 481 | 1.4% |
| American Indian and Alaska Native | 246 | 0.7% |
| Asian | 267 | 0.8% |
| Native Hawaiian andOther Pacific Islander | 33 | 0.1% |
| Some other race | 5,965 | 17.2% |
| Two or more races | 12,417 | 35.8% |
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 29,074 | 83.9% |
As of thecensus[14] of 2000, 33,867 people, 10,778 households, and 8,514 families resided in the city. The population density was 2,194.0 inhabitants per square mile (847.1/km2). The 11,895 housing units averaged a density of 770.6 per square mile (297.5/km2). Theracial makeup of the city was 13.05% White American, 7.21% African American, 0.70% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 17.79% from other races, and 2.68% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 81.04% of the population.
Of the 10,778 households, 42.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.3% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.0% were not families. About 18.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.09 and the average family size was 3.56.
In the city, the population was distributed as 31.7% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $27,387, and for a family was $30,788. Males had a median income of $27,255 versus $17,460 for females. Theper capita income for the city was $12,199. About 22.9% of families and 27.0% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 35.8% of those under age 18 and 26.4% of those age 65 or over.
Del Rio is the principal city of the Del Riomicropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Val Verde County;[15] the micropolitan area had an estimated population over 50,000 in 2007.[16] Located across from Del Rio, in the Mexican state ofCoahuila, is the city ofCiudad Acuña, with a city population of 201,161.
In 1942, theArmy Air Corps opened Laughlin Field 9 mi (14 km) east of Del Rio, as a training base for theMartin B-26, but the base was deactivated in 1945. As theCold War pressures built, along with new border-control issues, Laughlin Field was rebuilt and renamedLaughlin Air Force Base and was again used as a home for flight training. Laughlin plays a large part in the Del Rio community as the area's largest employer. Today Laughlin Air Force Base is the largest pilot training base in the Air Force.
TheGEO Group, a private correctional facility corporation based inBoca Raton, Florida, manages theVal Verde Correctional Facility in Del Rio. It has a contract to house offenders for the county, for theU.S. Marshals Service (male/female) prisoners, andU.S. Customs and Border Protection detainees. The facility opened in 2001 with 688 beds. In 2007, the facility was expanded to its current capacity of 1,400 beds. It is one of the major employers in the Del Rio area and meets standards required by state and federal guidelines.
Some of the earliest surviving cultural artefacts in the region are variouspictographs found in local caverns in and near the town. Some of these pictographs date back 4,200 years, when the people ofprecontact cultures in the region created pictographs in the caverns of the Lower Pecos Canyonlands Archeological District, a proposedNational Historic Landmark.[17]: 1 The pictographs are preserved in part by the Shumla Archaeological Research and Education Center, a local group that documents the pictographs, and creates educational material about them.[18]
The Whitehead Memorial Museum carries on the history of the culture created in Del Rio. It also includes mementos ofJudge Roy Bean.
The Laughlin Heritage Museum Foundation educates the public about the importance of air power in sustaining the national security of the United States, and to preserve the heritage ofLaughlin Air Force Base, Texas.
Del Rio is home to the oldest continuously running winery in Texas, the Val Verde Winery. The winery was established in 1883 by Italian immigrant Frank Qualia. He brought with him his family tradition of winemaking. Today, the winery is operated by third-generation vintner Thomas Qualia.
A cultural melting pot, Del Rio is home to people of a mix of ethnic and racial backgrounds, includingHispanic,Black Seminole,Mestizo, andTejano.
Del Rio offers a variety of Southwestern cuisine including:Tex-Mex, steakhouses,barbecue,authentic Mexican food, andPan Dulce orMexican pastries.
The Upstagers have been performing award-winning live theater in Del Rio since 1977.
The Casa de la Cultural is a non-profit organization that has provided community-focused outlets for the youth and adults in Del Rio for over 40 years. It offers a revolving variety of classes based on the educational and cultural needs of the community, such as:Ballet Folklórico, Guitar, Singing, Knitting, Pottery, Art Camps,Latino Aerobics and Literacy classes. In the early 2000s, the Casa de la Cultura began Noches Musicales, a live summer music festival with food vendors and live music. The Casa de la Cultura celebrated their 14th annual Live Music Festival in June 2021.
The Del Rio Council for the Arts provides affordable arts and education and entertainment to the community and its surrounding areas.
Del Rio is home to the annual event of the George Paul Memorial Bullriding, which is the oldest such stand-alone event in the world.[19]
Some of the most notable celebrations in the community include: Cinco de Mayo, the July 4th Independence Day City-Wide Celebration,16 de Septiembre, Fiesta de Amistad, and the Fiesta of Flight Air Show. Del Rio held its first everPride event in June 2019.
Del Rio is home toconsulates ofGuatemala and Mexico.[20][21]
The area is home to variousreligious groups including:Christian,Baptist,Catholic,Episcopal,Evangelical,Lutheran,Methodist,Non-Denominational,Pentecostal,Presbyterian,Spirit-Filled,Judaism,Seventh Day Adventist, and many more.
The city is served by theSan Felipe Del Rio Consolidated Independent School District. About 10,450 students are enrolled and 637 teachers are employed at 14 campuses throughout the district.[citation needed] Del Rio is also home to Del Rio Heritage Academy High School, and Premier High School, twocharter schools.[22][23]
Two four-yearuniversities have campuses in Del Rio:Sul Ross State University andPark University.[24][25]
Southwest Texas Junior College, a two-yearcommunity college, has a campus in Del Rio.[26]
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TheDel Rio News-Herald was adaily newspaper published in Del Rio, coveringVal Verde County, and was owned bySouthern Newspapers Inc.[27] The newspaper had a daily circulation of 10,400 and a Sunday circulation of 13,500.[28] After disruption and losses during the first year of theCOVID-19 pandemic, the newspaper closed in November 2020.[29]
In 2020,The 830 Times, a local news website covering Del Río and the wider region of Southwest Texas, launched its print and online newspaper. It is published weekly.
There are multiple radio stations licensed to the area in and around Del Rio including,KDLK-FM,KTDR,KVFE,KWMC,KDRN,KTPD,KDLI.
In 2014,KVFE, a Christian station owned by Inspiracom, was launched to fill one of the ministry's remaining gaps on the US–Mexico border.[30]
In 2016,Texas Public Radio opened a transmitter in Del Rio.[31]
In 2020,The 830 Times launched. It is a local news website covering Del Rio and the wider region of Southwest Texas.[32]
Del Rio International Airport (FlyDRT) serves the city and surrounding area.American Airlines has operated flights twice daily between Del Rio andDallas/Fort Worth International Airport in the past. The route is currently served by two cargo airlines. On January 5, 2023, the City of Del Rio announced that American Airlines will terminate service to DRT effective April 3, 2023, leaving Del Rio without scheduled air passenger service.
Transportation services to the citizens of Del Rio is provided by the City of Del Río Transportation Department.
Amtrak provides passenger rail service toDel Rio station through its combinedSunset Limited/Texas Eagle service. Trains serve the station thrice-weekly in each direction, with direct service to Los Angeles, San Antonio, New Orleans, Chicago, and points in between.
US 90 connects withAlpine,Marfa, and Van Horn to the west andUvalde andSan Antonio to the east.
US 277 connects withSan Angelo to the north andCrystal City andLaredo (via U.S. Route 83 south) to the southeast.
US 377 crosses sparsely populatedWest Texas through several small towns before eventually reachingFort Worth.
Loop 79 in Val Verde County and Del Rio, known as a Super Two Loop, opened for traffic in mid-May 2012. It connects with U.S. Route 90, U.S. Route 277, and U.S. Route 377; Loop 79 is part of the Ports to Plain Corridor Infrastructure and the futureInterstate 27 that extends from Laredo toRaton, New Mexico.
Spur 239
Spur 297
Municipalities and communities ofVal Verde County, Texas,United States | ||
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