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Deir 'Ammar | |
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| Arabic transcription(s) | |
| • Arabic | دير عمار |
 Deir 'Ammar | |
  Deir 'Ammar Location of Deir 'Ammar withinPalestine | |
| Coordinates:31°58′9″N35°06′29″E / 31.96917°N 35.10806°E /31.96917; 35.10806 | |
| Palestine grid | 159/152 |
| State | State of Palestine |
| Governorate | Ramallah and al-Bireh |
| Government | |
| • Type | Village council |
| Elevation | 531 m (1,742 ft) |
| Population (2017)[2] | |
• Total | 3,353 |
| Name meaning | The monastery of the builder[3] |
Deir 'Ammar (Arabic:دير عمار) is aPalestinian town in theRamallah and al-Bireh Governorate, located 17 km (11 mi) northwest ofRamallah in the northernWest Bank. According to thePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of 3,353 inhabitants in 2017.[2]
Deir 'Ammar, together withBeitillu andJammala, form the new town ofAl-Ittihad.[1]
The name is ofArabic origin, meaning "The Monastery of 'Ammar (p.n.)."[4]
Al-Itihad is located 12.5 kilometers (7.8 mi) northwest ofRamallah. Al-Itihad is bordered byKobar andAl-Zaytouneh to the east,Deir Abu Mash'al,Deir Nidham and'Abud to the north,Shabtin andDeir Qaddis to the west, andRas Karkar,Kharbatha Bani Harith, Al-Zaytouneh andAl Janiya to the south.[1]
Potsherds from theMiddle Bronze Age,Iron Age I, Iron Age II,Hellenistic,Roman andMamluk eras have been found at Deir 'Ammar. Two Iron Ageolive presses were also found here.[5]
Just southwest of the village is thearcheological site ofKhirbet e-Shune, a large ruin from the Iron Age, Hellenistic andEarly Roman periods that may be identified with the ancient town ofRamathaim, which was a capital of atoparchy under theHasmonean kingdom.[6][7]
Dayr Ammar was incorporated into theOttoman Empire in 1517 with all ofPalestine, and in 1596 it appeared in thetax registers as being in thenahiya of Al-Quds in theliwa ofAl-Quds. It had a population of 33 household, who were allMuslims. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 33.3% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards/fruit trees, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues; a total of 10,400akçe. All of the revenue went to aWaqf.[8] Potsherds from the early Ottoman era have also been found here.[5]
In 1838 Deir Ammar was noted as Muslim village in theBeni Harith district, north of Jerusalem.[9]
In May, 1870,Victor Guérin found the village to be of equal importance toJammala, and that there was a stream between the two villages where the women went for water when their owncisterns went dry.[10] An official Ottoman village list from about the same year, 1870, showed thatDer Ammar had 35 houses and a population of 226, though the population count included only men.[11][12]
In 1882, thePEF'sSurvey of Western Palestine described 'Deir Ammar as: "a village of medium size on a hill, with awell about 1/2 mile to the west."[13]
In 1896 the population ofDer Ammar was estimated to be about 357 persons.[14]
In the1922 census of Palestine conducted by theBritish Mandate authorities,Dair 'Ammar had a population of 265Muslims,[15] increasing in the1931 census to 316 Muslims in 81 houses.[16]
In the1945 statistics the population was 350 Muslims,[17] while the total land area was 7,189dunams, according to an official land and population survey.[18] Of this, 2,242 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 1,615 for cereals,[19] while 15 dunams were classified as built-up areas.[20]
In the wake of the1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the1949 Armistice Agreements, Deir 'Ammar came underJordanian rule. It wasannexed by Jordan in 1950.
The Jordanian census of 1961 found 2,243 inhabitants in Deir 'Ammar.[21]
After theSix-Day War in 1967, Deir 'Ammar came underIsraeli occupation.
After the1995 accords, 41.2% ofAl-Ittihad land was classified asArea B, while the remaining 58.8% was classified asArea C. Israel has confiscated 858 dunams of land from Al-Ittihad for the construction of 4Israeli settlements:Nahl'iel,Na'aleh,Talmon andHallamish.[22]
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