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Adefensive war (German:Verteidigungskrieg^[1]) is one of the causes that justifywar by the criteria of theJust War tradition. It means a war where at least one nation is mainly trying to defend itself from another, as opposed to a war where both sides are trying to invade and conquer each other.^{[citation needed]}

The right toself-defence in international law is enshrined inChapter VII, Article 51 of theUN Charter:

Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of collective or individual self-defense if an armed attack occurs against a member of theUnited Nations, until theSecurity Council has taken the measures necessary to maintain international peace and security. Measures taken by members in exercise of this right of self-defense shall be immediately reported to the Security Council and shall not in any way affect the authority and responsibility of the Security Council under the present Charter to take at any time such action as it deems necessary in order to maintain or restore international peace and security.

American supporters of the war against the British argued that theWar of 1812 was a defensive war, citing British harassment of American merchant shipping andimpressment of American sailors on thehigh seas as well as armed support to Indian tribes resisting American expansion in theMidwest in order to create a pro-BritishIndian barrier state.^{[2][3][4][5][6][7]}

The Islamic scholarSufyan al-Thawri (716–778), who was called byMajid Khadduri (1909–2007) a pacifist, maintained thatjihad (holy war) was only a defensive war.^[8]

• Battleplan (documentary TV series)

• Cécile Fabre;Seth Lazar (20 February 2014).The Morality of Defensive War. OUP Oxford. pp. 129–.ISBN 978-0-19-150531-7.
• Dorset Michael (26 April 2016).An Essay on Defensive War, and a Constitutional Militia: With an Account of Queen Elizabeth's Arrangements for Resisting the Projected Invasion in the Year 1588: Taken from Authentic Records in the British Museum, and Other Collections. BiblioLife.ISBN 978-1-354-70317-5.
• Robert Greene; Joost Elffers (14 December 2007).The 33 Strategies of War. Penguin Publishing Group. pp. 27–.ISBN 978-1-101-14734-4.
• Stagg, J. C. A. (1983).Mr Madison's War: Politics, Diplomacy and Warfare in the Early American Republic, 1783–1830. Princeton University Press].ISBN 0691047022.

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