TheDecember 1981 windstorm was a severe storm that particularly affected southernEngland,Wales and south westFrance during 13 December 1981. The storm formed as a secondary low.[1]
In England, the storm started with violent winds and snow, which reached Cornwall during the morning. Prior to its arrival a number of record low temperatures were reached for December, with -25.1C atRAF Shawbury inShropshire[2] and -5.9C inSouthampton[3].[citation needed]
In the evening spring tides combined with a 1.45 m (4.8 ft)storm surge[4] resulted in the highest water levels recorded in theBristol Channel since the start of the 20th century.[1] Water from melting snow, caused by milder weather accompanying the depression, added to the flooding.[5] The maximum surge atHinkley Point was measured at 1.3 metres (4 ft 3 in) above the 7.4 metres (24 ft) tidal level Ordnance Datum (OD) at 2025 hours, and 1.3 metres (4 ft 3 in) measured atAvonmouth. The wind was measured at 40 knots (74 km/h; 46 mph) from the west. Over topping of the sea defences along a 7 miles (11 km) stretch of the North Somerset coast at 22 locations fromClevedon toPorlock began after 19:30, and continued until about 21:30 when the wind speed had reached 50 knots (93 km/h; 58 mph) from the west. Although there was no loss of life, the resultant flooding covered 12,500 acres (5,100 ha) of land, affecting 1072 houses and commercial properties, with £150,000 worth of livestock killed and £50,000 of feed and grain destroyed.Wessex Water Authority estimated the total cost of the damage caused at £6m, resulting in a three-year programme of sea defence assessment, repair and improvement.[6][5]
In France, the storm caused widespread flooding in the south west, causing considerable damage in theriver basins of theGaronne andAdour and flooding the city ofBordeaux.[7]
TheMV Bonita, an 8000 tonneEcuadorian cargo ship sailing fromHamburg toPanama was caught in the storm in theEnglish Channel. 29 were rescued from the ship, 4 by helicopter until the storm was too strong for the helicopter to operate. The remaining crew were rescued by theGuernsey lifeboat, however there were 2 fatalities.[8]
Water entered the cooling water pump house ofHinkley Point nuclear power station, causing a shut-down for weeks after the storm.[9]
