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Daruru language

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Espiritu Santo language of Vanuatu

Daruru
Native to	Vanuatu
Region	Espiritu Santo
Native speakers	100 ? (2010)^[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Oceanic Southern Oceanic North-Central Vanuatu North Vanuatu Espiritu Santo Daruru
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (`mis`)
ELP	Daruru

Daruru is anEspiritu Santo language ofVanuatu. There are perhaps 100 speakers in Pelmol village of western Santo Island.^[1]

References

[edit]

^^a ^bTryon, Darrell. 2010. The languages of Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. In John Bowden and Nikolaus P. Himmelmann and Malcolm Ross (eds.),A journey through Austronesian and Papuan linguistic and cultural space: papers in honour of Andrew K. Pawley, 283-290. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.

Sources

[edit]

François, Alexandre; Franjieh, Michael; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Schnell, Stefan (2015),"The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu", in François, Alexandre; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Franjieh, Michael; Schnell, Stefan (eds.),The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity, Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, Canberra: Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access, pp. 1–21,ISBN 9781922185235.
Tryon, Darrell. 2010. The languages of Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. In John Bowden and Nikolaus P. Himmelmann and Malcolm Ross (eds.),A journey through Austronesian and Papuan linguistic and cultural space: papers in honour of Andrew K. Pawley, 283-290. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.

Languages of Vanuatu

Official languages

Indigenous
languages
(Southern
Oceanic
andPolynesian)

North
Vanuatu

Torres–Banks	Dorig Hiw Koro Lakon Lehali Lemerig Lo-Toga Löyöp Mota Mwerlap Mwesen Mwotlap Nume Olrat Vera'a Volow Vurës
Penama	Ambae East West North Ambrym Apma Baetora Fanbak Raga Saa Ske Sowa Sungwadaga Sungwadia
Espiritu Santo	Akei Amblong Ande Aore Araki Butmas Kiai Mavea Merei-Tiale Mores Narango Navut Nethalp Ngen Nokuku Piamatsina Polonombauk Sakao Tamambo Tambotalo Tangoa Tasmate Toksiki Tolomako Tutuba Valpei Vunapu Wailapa Wusi Moiso Kene Daruru Retlatur Atin Bura Farnanto Fanafo

Central
Vanuatu

Epi	Baki Bierebo Bieria Lamen Lewo Maii
Malakula	Aulua Avava Aveteian Axamb Big Nambas Botovro Burmbar Bwenelang Larëvat Lendamboi Litzlitz Malfaxal Malua Bay Maskelynes Nahavaq Nasarian Nasvang Nāti Navwien Nese Neve'ei Neverver Ninde Nisvai Nitita Port Sandwich Rerep Sörsörian Tape Tirax Unua Northeast Malakula Vao Vivti Rutan Alovas Najit Njav

South Vanuatu

Polynesian

Southern Oceanic languages

North
Vanuatu

Torres–Banks	Hiw Lo-Toga Lehali Löyöp Mwotlap Volow Lemerig Vera’a Vurës Mwesen Mota Nume Dorig Koro Olrat Lakon Mwerlap
Maewo–Ambae– North Pentecost	Sun̄wadia Sun̄wadaga Baetora Duidui Northeast Ambae Raga
South Pentecost	Ske Apma Sa
Espiritu Santo	Cape Cumberland Nokuku Tolomako Wusi Akei Tasiriki Tangoa Araki Tiale Merei Kiai M̈av̈ea Tutuba Aore Tamambo Mores Shark Bay Sakao

Nuclear
Southern
Oceanic

Central Vanuatu

South Vanuatu

Erromango	Sie / Erromangan Sorung † Ifo (Utaha) † Ura
Tanna	Kwamera (South Tanna) Southwest Tanna Lenakel (West Tanna) Whitesands (East Tanna) North Tanna
Aneityum

Loyalties–
New Caledonia

Loyalty Islands

New Caledonian

Southern	Ndrumbea Numèè Xârâcùù Xârâgurè Tîrî Zire † Ajië Arhö Arhâ Neku Orowe
Northern	Vamale Haveke Haeke Cèmuhî Paicî Pwaamei Pwapwa Bwatoo Hmwaveke Waamwang Fwâi Jawe Nemi Pije Caac Kumak Yuanga Nyâlayu

* indicates proposed status
? indicates classification dispute
† indicatesextinct status

Austronesian languages

Formosan

Malayo-Polynesian

Western

Philippine

Greater Barito*

Barito
Basap*

Greater North Borneo*

North Borneo *
- Sabahan
- North Sarawakan
Melanau–Kajang
Kayan–Murik
Land Dayak
Malayo–Chamic *
Sundanese
Rejang?
Moklenic?

Admiralty St. Matthias Temotu Southeast Solomonic Micronesian Central Pacific
Western	Meso-Melanesian North New Guinea Papuan Tip
Southern	Vanuatu North Central South Loyalties–New Caledonia

* indicates proposed status
? indicates classification dispute
† indicatesextinct status

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